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Torzyk-Jurowska K, Ciekot J, Winiarski L. Targeted Library of Phosphonic-Type Inhibitors of Human Neutrophil Elastase. Molecules 2024; 29:1120. [PMID: 38474630 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite many years of research, human neutrophil elastase (HNE) still remains an area of interest for many researchers. This multifunctional representative of neutrophil serine proteases is one of the most destructive enzymes found in the human body which can degrade most of the extracellular matrix. Overexpression or dysregulation of HNE may lead to the development of several inflammatory diseases. Previously, we presented the HNE inhibitor with kinact/KI value over 2,000,000 [M-1s-1]. In order to optimize its structure, over 100 novel tripeptidyl derivatives of α-aminoalkylphosphonate diaryl esters were synthesized, and their activity toward HNE was checked. To confirm the selectivity of the resultant compounds, several of the most active were additionally checked against the two other neutrophil proteases: proteinase 3 and cathepsin G. The developed modifications allowed us to obtain a compound with significantly increased inhibitory activity against human neutrophil elastase with high selectivity toward cathepsin G, but none toward proteinase 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Torzyk-Jurowska
- Division of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Ciekot
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Winiarski
- Division of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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Martino SD, Petri GL, De Rosa M. Hepatitis C: The Story of a Long Journey through First, Second, and Third Generation NS3/4A Peptidomimetic Inhibitors. What Did We Learn? J Med Chem 2024; 67:885-921. [PMID: 38179950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection is the leading cause of liver failure and still represents a global health burden. Over the past decade, great advancements made HCV curable, and sustained viral remission significantly improved to more than 98%. Historical treatment with pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin has been displaced by combinations of direct-acting antivirals. These regimens include drugs targeting different stages of the HCV life cycle. However, the emergence of viral resistance remains a big concern. The design of peptidomimetic inhibitors (PIs) able to fit and fill the conserved substrate envelope region within the active site helped avoid contact with the vulnerable sites of the most common resistance-associated substitutions Arg155, Ala156, and Asp168. Herein, we give an overview of HCV NS3 PIs discovered during the past decade, and we deeply discuss the rationale behind the structural optimization efforts essential to achieve pangenotypic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Di Martino
- Drug Discovery Unit, Medicinal Chemistry Group, Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Giovanna Li Petri
- Drug Discovery Unit, Medicinal Chemistry Group, Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Maria De Rosa
- Drug Discovery Unit, Medicinal Chemistry Group, Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo 90133, Italy
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Walczak M, Chryplewicz A, Olewińska S, Psurski M, Winiarski Ł, Torzyk K, Oleksyszyn J, Sieńczyk M. Phosphonic Analogs of Alanine as Acylpeptide Hydrolase Inhibitors. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2001004. [PMID: 33427376 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202001004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Acylpeptide hydrolase is a serine protease, which, together with prolyl oligopeptidase, dipeptidyl peptidase IV and oligopeptidase B, belongs to the prolyl oligopeptidase family. Its primary function is associated with the removal of N-acetylated amino acid residues from proteins and peptides. Although the N-acylation occurs in 50-90 % of eukaryotic proteins, the precise functions of this modification remains unclear. Recent findings have indicated that acylpeptide hydrolase participates in various events including oxidized proteins degradation, amyloid β-peptide cleavage, and response to DNA damage. Considering the protein degradation cycle cross-talk between acylpeptide hydrolase and proteasome, inhibition of the first enzyme resulted in down-regulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and induction of cancer cell apoptosis. Acylpeptide hydrolase has been proposed as an interesting target for the development of new potential anticancer agents. Here, we present the synthesis of simple derivatives of (1-aminoethyl)phosphonic acid diaryl esters, phosphonic analogs of alanine diversified at the N-terminus and ester rings, as inhibitors of acylpeptide hydrolase and discuss the ability of the title compounds to induce apoptosis of U937 and MV-4-11 tumor cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Walczak
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Chryplewicz
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sandra Olewińska
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Psurski
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Winiarski
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Torzyk
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Józef Oleksyszyn
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Sieńczyk
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
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Baddi L, Ouzebla D, El Mansouri AE, Smietana M, Vasseur JJ, Lazrek HB. Efficient one-pot, three-component procedure to prepare new α-aminophosphonate and phosphonic acid acyclic nucleosides. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 40:43-67. [PMID: 33030107 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2020.1826516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An efficient one-pot three-component Kabachnik-Fields reaction of aldehydes (acyclic nucleosides), amines (or amino acid), and triethyl phosphite proceeded for the synthesis of aminophosphonates using natural phosphate coated with iodine (I2@NP) as a catalyst. The novel α-aminophosphonate and phosphonic acid acyclic nucleosides were tested for their anti-HCV and anti-HIV activities. The molecular docking showed that the non-activity of these compounds could be due to the absence of hydrophobic pharmacophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Baddi
- Unité de Chimie Biomoléculaire et Médicinale, Laboratoire de Chimie Biomoléculaire, Faculte des Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Driss Ouzebla
- Unité de Chimie Biomoléculaire et Médicinale, Laboratoire de Chimie Biomoléculaire, Faculte des Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Az-Eddine El Mansouri
- Unité de Chimie Biomoléculaire et Médicinale, Laboratoire de Chimie Biomoléculaire, Faculte des Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Michael Smietana
- UMR 5247 CNRS-UMI-UMII, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université Montpellier II, Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Vasseur
- UMR 5247 CNRS-UMI-UMII, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université Montpellier II, Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Hassan B Lazrek
- Unité de Chimie Biomoléculaire et Médicinale, Laboratoire de Chimie Biomoléculaire, Faculte des Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
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Recent Developments in Peptidyl Diaryl Phoshonates as Inhibitors and Activity-Based Probes for Serine Proteases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12020086. [PMID: 31185654 PMCID: PMC6631691 DOI: 10.3390/ph12020086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review presents current achievements in peptidyl diaryl phosphonates as covalent, specific mechanism-based inhibitors of serine proteases. Along three decades diaryl phosphonates have emerged as invaluable tools in fundamental and applicative studies involving these hydrolases. Such an impact has been promoted by advantageous features that characterize the phosphonate compounds and their use. First, the synthesis is versatile and allows comprehensive structural modification and diversification. Accordingly, reactivity and specificity of these bioactive molecules can be easily controlled by appropriate adjustments of the side chains and the leaving groups. Secondly, the phosphonates target exclusively serine proteases and leave other oxygen and sulfur nucleophiles intact. Synthetic accessibility, lack of toxicity, and promising pharmacokinetic properties make them good drug candidates. In consequence, the utility of peptidyl diaryl phosphonates continuously increases and involves novel enzymatic targets and innovative aspects of application. For example, conjugation of the structures of specific inhibitors with reporter groups has become a convenient approach to construct activity-based molecular probes capable of monitoring location and distribution of serine proteases.
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