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Fan L, Wang Y, Huang H, Wang Z, Liang C, Yang X, Ye P, Lin J, Shi W, Zhou Y, Yan H, Long Z, Wang Z, Liu L, Qian J. RNA binding motif 4 inhibits the replication of ebolavirus by directly targeting 3'-leader region of genomic RNA. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2300762. [PMID: 38164794 PMCID: PMC10773643 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2300762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) belongs to Filoviridae family possessing single-stranded negative-sense RNA genome, which is a serious threat to human health. Nowadays, no therapeutics have been proven to be successful in efficiently decreasing the mortality rate. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are reported to participate in maintaining cell integrity and regulation of viral replication. However, little is known about whether and how RBPs participate in regulating the life cycle of EBOV. In our study, we found that RNA binding motif protein 4 (RBM4) inhibited the replication of EBOV in HEK293T and Huh-7 cells by suppressing viral mRNA production. Such inhibition resulted from the direct interaction between the RRM1 domain of RBM4 and the "CU" enrichment elements located in the PE1 and TSS of the 3'-leader region within the viral genome. Simultaneously, RBM4 could upregulate the expression of some cytokines involved in the host innate immune responses to synergistically exert its antiviral function. The findings therefore suggest that RBM4 might serve as a novel target of anti-EBOV strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjin Fan
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulong Wang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongxin Huang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zequn Wang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chudan Liang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Ye
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyan Lin
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wendi Shi
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuandong Zhou
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huijun Yan
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Long
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongyi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linna Liu
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Qian
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
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Yasutake Y, Hattori SI, Kumamoto H, Tamura N, Maeda K, Mitsuya H. Deviated binding of anti-HBV nucleoside analog E-CFCP-TP to the reverse transcriptase active site attenuates the effect of drug-resistant mutations. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15742. [PMID: 38977798 PMCID: PMC11231328 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66505-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
While certain human hepatitis B virus-targeting nucleoside analogs (NAs) serve as crucial anti-HBV drugs, HBV yet remains to be a major global health threat. E-CFCP is a 4'-modified and fluoromethylenated NA that exhibits potent antiviral activity against both wild-type and drug-resistant HBVs but less potent against human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). Here, we show that HIV-1 with HBV-associated amino acid substitutions introduced into the RT's dNTP-binding site (N-site) is highly susceptible to E-CFCP. We determined the X-ray structures of HBV-associated HIV-1 RT mutants complexed with DNA:E-CFCP-triphosphate (E-CFCP-TP). The structures revealed that exocyclic fluoromethylene pushes the Met184 sidechain backward, and the resultant enlarged hydrophobic pocket accommodates both the fluoromethylene and 4'-cyano moiety of E-CFCP. Structural comparison with the DNA:dGTP/entecavir-triphosphate complex also indicated that the cyclopentene moiety of the bound E-CFCP-TP is slightly skewed and deviated. This positioning partly corresponds to that of the bound dNTP observed in the HIV-1 RT mutant with drug-resistant mutations F160M/M184V, resulting in the attenuation of the structural effects of F160M/M184V substitutions. These results expand our knowledge of the interactions between NAs and the RT N-site and should help further design antiviral NAs against both HIV-1 and HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Yasutake
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo, 062-8517, Japan.
- Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory (CBBD-OIL), AIST, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ichiro Hattori
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM) Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kumamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| | - Noriko Tamura
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo, 062-8517, Japan
| | - Kenji Maeda
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM) Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
- Division of Antiviral Therapy, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mitsuya
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM) Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
- Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
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Zhang T, Zheng H, Lu D, Guan G, Li D, Zhang J, Liu S, Zhao J, Guo JT, Lu F, Chen X. RNA binding protein TIAR modulates HBV replication by tipping the balance of pgRNA translation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:346. [PMID: 37699883 PMCID: PMC10497612 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01573-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) serves not only as a bicistronic message RNA to translate core protein (Cp) and DNA polymerase (Pol), but also as the template for reverse transcriptional replication of viral DNA upon packaging into nucleocapsid. Although it is well known that pgRNA translates much more Cp than Pol, the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of Cp and Pol translation efficiency from pgRNA remains elusive. In this study, we systematically profiled HBV nucleocapsid- and pgRNA-associated cellular proteins by proteomic analysis and identified TIA-1-related protein (TIAR) as a novel cellular protein that binds pgRNA and promotes HBV DNA replication. Interestingly, loss- and gain-of-function genetic analyses showed that manipulation of TIAR expression did not alter the levels of HBV transcripts nor the secretion of HBsAg and HBeAg in human hepatoma cells supporting HBV replication. However, Ribo-seq and PRM-based mass spectrometry analyses demonstrated that TIAR increased the translation of Pol but decreased the translation of Cp from pgRNA. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and pulldown assays further revealed that TIAR directly binds pgRNA at the 5' stem-loop (ε). Moreover, HBV replication or Cp expression induced the increased expression and redistribution of TIAR from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. Our results thus imply that TIAR is a novel cellular factor that regulates HBV replication by binding to the 5' ε structure of pgRNA to tip the balance of Cp and Pol translation. Through induction of TIAR translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, Cp indirectly regulates the Pol translation and balances Cp and Pol expression levels in infected hepatocytes to ensure efficient viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Huiling Zheng
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Danjuan Lu
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guiwen Guan
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Deyao Li
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuhong Liu
- Department of Pathology and Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Jingmin Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Ju-Tao Guo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA.
| | - Fengmin Lu
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Yao YX, Chen Y, Huang D, Liu C, Sun H, Zhou Y, Pei R, Wang Y, Wen Z, Yang B, Chen X. RNA-binding motif protein 24 inhibits HBV replication in vivo. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28969. [PMID: 37485644 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite the extensive use of effective vaccines and antiviral drugs, chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to pose a serious threat to global public health. Therapies with novel mechanisms of action against HBV are being explored for achieving a functional cure. In this study, five murine models of HBV replication were used to investigate the inhibitory effect of RNA binding motif protein 24 (RBM24) on HBV replication. The findings revealed that RBM24 serves as a host restriction factor and suppresses HBV replication in vivo. The transient overexpression of RBM24 in hydrodynamics-based mouse models of HBV replication driven by the CMV or HBV promoters suppressed HBV replication. Additionally, the ectopic expression of RBM24 decreased viral accumulation and the levels of HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in an rcccDNA mouse model. The liver-directed transduction of adeno-associated viruses (AAV)-RBM24 mediated the stable hepatic expression of RBM24 in pAAV-HBV1.2 and HBV/tg mouse models, and markedly reduced the levels of HBV cccDNA and other viral indicators. Altogether, these findings revealed that RBM24 inhibits the replication of HBV in vivo, and RBM24 may be a potential therapeutic target for combating HBV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xuan Yao
- Joint Center of Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingshan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- GemPharmatech(Guangdong)Co., Ltd., Foshan, China
| | - Dan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Canyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongjuan Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Wen
- Joint Center of Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Joint Center of Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Yao Y, Sun H, Chen Y, Tian L, Huang D, Liu C, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Wen Z, Yang B, Chen X, Pei R. RBM24 inhibits the translation of SARS-CoV-2 polyproteins by targeting the 5'-untranslated region. Antiviral Res 2023; 209:105478. [PMID: 36464077 PMCID: PMC9712144 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a betacoronavirus with single-stranded positive-sense RNA, which is a serious global threat to human health. Understanding the molecular mechanism of viral replication is crucial for the development of antiviral drugs. The synthesis of viral polyproteins is a crucial step in viral progression. The synthesis of viral polyproteins in coronaviruses is regulated by the 5'-untranslated region (UTR); however, the detailed regulatory mechanism needs further investigation. The present study demonstrated that the RNA binding protein, RBM24, interacts with the RNA genome of SARS-CoV-2 via its RNA recognition submotifs (RNPs). The findings revealed that RBM24 recognizes and binds to the GUGUG element at stem-loop 4 (SL4) in the 5'-UTR of SARS-CoV-2. The interaction between RBM24 and 5'-UTR prevents 80S ribosome assembly, which in turn inhibits polyproteins translation and the replication of SARS-CoV-2. Notably, other RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, Ebolavirus, rhinovirus, West Nile virus, Zika virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, yellow fever virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus-1 also contain one or several G(U/C/A)GUG sequences in the 5'-UTR, which is also targeted by RBM24. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that RBM24 functions by interacting with the 5'-UTR of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, and elucidated that RBM24 could be a host restriction factor for SARS-CoV-2 and other RNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxuan Yao
- Joint Center of Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510623, China,State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yingshan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lingqian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Canyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhe Wen
- Joint Center of Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Joint Center of Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510623, China,State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China,Corresponding author. Joint Center of Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Xinwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China,Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510320, China,Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Rongjuan Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China,Corresponding author
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Kar A, Samanta A, Mukherjee S, Barik S, Biswas A. The HBV web: An insight into molecular interactomes between the hepatitis B virus and its host en route to hepatocellular carcinoma. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28436. [PMID: 36573429 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major aetiology associated with the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver malignancy. Over the past few decades, direct and indirect mechanisms have been identified in the pathogenesis of HBV-associated HCC which include altered signaling pathways, genome integration, mutation-induced genomic instability, chromosomal deletions and rearrangements. Intertwining of the HBV counterparts with the host cellular factors, though well established, needs to be systemized to understand the dynamics of host-HBV crosstalk and its consequences on HCC progression. Existence of a vast array of protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interaction databases has led to the uncoiling of the compendia of genes/gene products associated with these interactions. This review covers the existing knowledge about the HBV-host interplay and brings it down under one canopy emphasizing on the HBV-host interactomics; and thereby highlights new strategies for therapeutic advancements against HBV-induced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Kar
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhisekh Samanta
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumyadeep Mukherjee
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhasis Barik
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Avik Biswas
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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RBM24 in the Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Cancer Progression: Anti-Tumor or Pro-Tumor Activity? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071843. [PMID: 35406615 PMCID: PMC8997389 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary RBM24 is a highly conserved RNA-binding protein that plays critical roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression for initiating cell differentiation during embryonic development and for maintaining tissue homeostasis in adult life. Evidence is now accumulating that it is frequently dysregulated across human cancers. Importantly, RBM24 may act as a tumor suppressor or as an oncogene in a context- or background-dependent manner. Its activity can be regulated by protein–protein interactions and post-translational modifications, making it a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment. However, molecular mechanisms underlying its function in tumor growth and metastasis remain elusive. Further investigation will be necessary to better understand how its post-transcriptional regulatory activity is controlled and how it is implicated in tumor progression. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent findings on the implication of RBM24 in cancer and proposes future research directions to delve more deeply into the mechanisms underlying its tumor-suppressive function or oncogenic activity. Abstract RNA-binding proteins are critical post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. They are implicated in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes by modulating nearly every aspect of RNA metabolisms. Alterations in their expression and function disrupt tissue homeostasis and lead to the occurrence of various cancers. RBM24 is a highly conserved protein that binds to a large spectrum of target mRNAs and regulates many post-transcriptional events ranging from pre-mRNA splicing to mRNA stability, polyadenylation and translation. Studies using different animal models indicate that it plays an essential role in promoting cellular differentiation during organogenesis and tissue regeneration. Evidence is also accumulating that its dysregulation frequently occurs across human cancers. In several tissues, RBM24 clearly functions as a tumor suppressor, which is consistent with its inhibitory potential on cell proliferation. However, upregulation of RBM24 in other cancers appears to promote tumor growth. There is a possibility that RBM24 displays both anti-tumor and pro-tumor activities, which may be regulated in part through differential interactions with its protein partners and by its post-translational modifications. This makes it a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis, as well as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment. The challenge remains to determine the post-transcriptional mechanisms by which RBM24 modulates gene expression and tumor progression in a context- or background-dependent manner. This review discusses recent findings on the potential function of RBM24 in tumorigenesis and provides future directions for better understanding its regulatory role in cancer cells.
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