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Kılıç G, Polat Ö, Şensoy D, Soylu H. Effects of isotretinoin and acitretin on neuroregeneration in experimental spinal cord injury. ACTA ORTHOPAEDICA ET TRAUMATOLOGICA TURCICA 2023; 57:127-133. [PMID: 37670445 PMCID: PMC10544667 DOI: 10.5152/j.aott.2023.22128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether isotretinoin and acitretin have beneficial effects on neural tissue damage following acute spinal cord injury. METHODS Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: control, sham spinal cord injury, spinal cord injury with isotretinoin 15 mg/kg for 14 days, spinal cord injury with isotretinoin 15 mg/kg for 28 days, spinal cord injury with acitretin 10 mg/kg for 14 days, and spinal cord injury with acitretin 10 mg/kg for 28 days. The damage to the spinal cord was formed by the clip compression technique. A neurological evaluation was conducted on days 1, 14, and 28. All rats were sacrificed following the treatment period, and samples of their spinal cords were collected for histopathological analysis. RESULTS The inclined plane angle was significantly increased on the 14th and 28th days in the isotretinoin 15 mg and acitretin 10 mg groups, compared to the spinal injury group (P=.049 and P=.009, respectively). The Drummond-Moore criterion was significantly higher in the acitretin 10 mg group than in the injury group (P=.026). Cleaved Caspase-3 expression was similar in the isotretinoin 15 mg day 28 group and the control group (P > .05), but significantly decreased in the acitretin 10 mg 14th-day and acitretin 10 mg 28th-day groups compared to spinal injury isotretinoin 15 mg 14th-day and isotretinoin 15 mg 28th-day groups (P < .05). CONCLUSION This was the first study elaborating that isotretinoin and acitretin reduced neuronal apoptosis and improved functional recovery after spinal cord injury. These neuroprotective effects might open a window of opportunity for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güven Kılıç
- Department of Neurosurgery, Düzce University, Faculty of Medicine, Düzce, Turkey
| | - Ömer Polat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Düzce University, Faculty of Medicine, Düzce, Turkey
| | - Doğan Şensoy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Düzce University, Faculty of Medicine, Düzce, Turkey
| | - Hakan Soylu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Düzce University, Faculty of Medicine, Düzce, Turkey
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Yilmaz S. Toxicity, Genotoxicity, and Carcinogenicity of Isotretinoin. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:83-90. [PMID: 35619315 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220520143124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease mainly observed in adolescence, but it can also be seen during the neonatal, infantile, pre-pubertal, and adult periods. Isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) is a first-generation retinoid and is the most effective treatment for acne vulgaris. OBJECTIVE The present study has been systematically designed to figure out the toxic, genotoxic, and carcinogenic activities of isotretinoin. METHODS In this study, a systematic approach was followed by focusing on the possible links between these topics. The search of the databases was carried out author in accordance with the guidelines of the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (2009) developed by York University National Institute of Health Research. The search was concentrated on the Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, EBSCO Host, and Google Scholar databases. RESULTS Isotretinoin was found as a toxic agent in all studies. All researchers proposed that apoptosis is the only pathway of adverse effects of isotretinoin. However, genotoxicity, teratogenicity, and carcinogenicity information of isotretinoin is very limited and controversial. CONCLUSION More detailed studies need to clarify the genotoxic and carcinogenic potential of isotretinoin. Patients should be informed correctly, the risks of treatment should be explained, and awareness should be raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Yilmaz
- Faculty of Nursing, Institute for Forensic Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Gao R, Ye T, Zhu Z, Li Q, Zhang J, Yuan J, Zhao B, Xie Z, Wang Y. Small extracellular vesicles from iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate tendinopathy pain by inhibiting mast cell activation. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:513-529. [PMID: 35289187 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to explore the effect of small extracellular vesicles from induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSC-sEVs) on acute pain and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Materials & methods: The pathology of tendons was accessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining. The pain degree was measured by pain-related behaviors. In vitro, we performed β-hexosaminidase release assay, RT-qPCR, toluidine blue staining, ELISA and RNA sequencing. Results: iMSC-sEVs effectively alleviated acute pain in tendinopathy as well as inhibiting activated mast cell infiltration and interactions with nerve fibers in vivo. In vitro, iMSC-sEVs reduced the degranulation of mast cells and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and genes involved in the HIF-1 signaling pathway. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that iMSC-sEVs relieved tendinopathy-related pain through inhibiting mast cell activation via the HIF-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzhi Gao
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Teng Ye
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zhaochen Zhu
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qing Li
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Juntao Zhang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Ji Yuan
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Bizeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zongping Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
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Bonanno J, Cheng J, Tilley D, Abutalib Z, Casey E. Factors Associated With Achilles Tendon Rupture in Women's Collegiate Gymnastics. Sports Health 2021; 14:358-368. [PMID: 34338076 DOI: 10.1177/19417381211034510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Achilles injury risk in women's collegiate gymnastics is 10-fold higher than in all other collegiate sports. This study aims to identify risk factors for Achilles tendon ruptures in collegiate female gymnasts. HYPOTHESIS Gymnasts with Achilles tendon ruptures will be more likely to report early gymnastics specialization, elite-level training before college, and performance of high-difficulty skills on floor and vault. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4. METHODS Anonymous surveys were distributed to current and former collegiate female gymnasts, aged 18 to 30 years, via coaches, athletic trainers, Twitter, and ResearchMatch. Information about Achilles tendon ruptures, gymnastics-related injuries, sport specialization, event/skills participation, and medication use were collected. RESULTS A total of 581 gymnasts were included. One hundred gymnasts (17.2%; 95% CI: 14.1%-20.3%) reported Achilles tendon ruptures during collegiate training or competition. Most ruptures (91%) occurred on floor exercise; 85.7% of these occurred during back tumbling-take-off. Compared with gymnasts without ruptures during college, a greater percentage of gymnasts with ruptures competed at a Division I program, trained elite, competed difficult vaults and floor passes before and during college, competed in all 4 events during college, identified as Black/African American, and used retinoid medications. CONCLUSION Achilles tendon ruptures are more common in women's collegiate gymnastics than other sports. Competing at the elite level, performing difficult floor and vault skills, and competing in all 4 events may increase the risk for an Achilles tendon rupture. Potential nontraining risk factors include retinoid exposure and Black/African American race. Future studies regarding the mechanisms of Achilles tendon ruptures in female collegiate gymnasts are warranted. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Collegiate gymnasts who compete at the elite level, perform high levels of difficulty on floor and vault, and compete in all 4 events may be at increased risk for Achilles tendon ruptures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bonanno
- Department of Physiatry, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Jennifer Cheng
- Department of Physiatry, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Dave Tilley
- Champion PT and Performance, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Zafir Abutalib
- Healthcare Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Ellen Casey
- Department of Physiatry, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
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Hirschmüller A, Morath O. [Tendinopathies of the Achilles tendon]. Z Rheumatol 2021; 80:629-640. [PMID: 34287670 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-021-01006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Disorders of the Achilles tendon are among the most frequent musculoskeletal injuries in athletes as well as in the general population. It is very important to differentiate the different clinical pictures summarized under the general term achillodynia and to understand the pathogenesis in order to undertake the correct therapeutic measures. In the case of insertional tendinopathies in particular, a rheumatological origin should be clarified. Doppler ultrasound is the most important diagnostic tool. Evidence-based treatment methods include various training programs, shock wave treatment, diverse injection and surgical procedures, each of which are discussed in detail in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Hirschmüller
- Altius Swiss Sportmed Center Ag, Habich-Dietschy-Str. 5a, 4310, Rheinfelden, Schweiz. .,Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland.
| | - Oliver Morath
- Institut Bewegungs- und Arbeitsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland
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Karaosmanoğlu N, Mülkoğlu C. Analysis of musculoskeletal side effects of oral Isotretinoin treatment: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:631. [PMID: 32977793 PMCID: PMC7519514 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03656-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/ objectives Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the pilosebaceous unit. Isotretinoin is an effective treatment option for severe acne. The aim of this study was to evaluate musculoskeletal side effects of systemic isotretinoin treatment. Methods Ninety-four patients with acne vulgaris and 100 sex- and age-matched controls were enrolled in this study. Only the patients who had musculoskeletal symptoms were evaluated in this study. All participants were firstly assessed by a dermatologist. The patients were asked whether they had any musculoskeletal symptoms after isotretinoin treatment, if so, the feature and duration of the symptoms were recorded. The dosage of the drug, treatment duration, incidence of arthralgia, myalgia, low back pain, sacroiliitis and tendinopathy and laboratory test results were noted. The severity of pain was assessed by visual analog scale (VAS). The severity of acne vulgaris was evaluated by Global Acne Grading Scale (GAGS). Sacroiliac radiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and rheumatologic blood tests were requested from the patients meeting Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria. Results Of the 94 patients, 71 were female and 23 were male. 47.9% of the patients had arthralgia, 53.2% had myalgia, 70.2% (66) had low back pain, 11.7% had sacroiliitis and 4.3% had tendinopathy. 37.8% of 66 patients with low back pain had inflammatory pain and 62.2% had mechanical pain. Bone marrow edema consistent with sacroiliitis was detected by sacroiliac MRI in 11 patients with inflammatory back pain. The median total cumulative dose of isotretinoin was significantly higher in patients with low back pain than in patients without low back pain (p = 0.014). There was no significant correlation between cumulative dose of drug, treatment duration and VAS with ESR and CRP (p > 0.05). Also no correlation was found between GAGS scores and musculoskeletal symptoms (p > 0.05). Conclusion Low back pain is one of the very common complications of isotretinoin. It can be mostly mechanical or inflammatory. Isotretinoin-induced low back pain is dose-related, and inflammatory back pain without sacroiliitis is also frequent. The clinicians should be aware of the back pain may be a reflective of sacroiliitis during isotretinoin usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin Karaosmanoğlu
- Department of Dermatology, Health Sciences University Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cevriye Mülkoğlu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Health Sciences University Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
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Cohen PR. Cephalexin-associated Achilles Tendonitis: Case Report and Review of Drug-induced Tendinopathy. Cureus 2018; 10:e3783. [PMID: 30915263 PMCID: PMC6433089 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.3783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon disorders include tenosynovitis or tendonitis, tendinosis, and tendon rupture. Tendinopathy associated with drug administration has been associated with the systemic or local administration of several medications. A 90-year-old man who developed toxic tendinopathy after receiving cephalexin 500 mg twice daily has been described. Unilateral pain of his left Achilles tendon pain during walking appeared three weeks after starting the antibiotic. The drug was stopped after four weeks of treatment; within one week after discontinuing the cephalexin, all tendonitis symptoms spontaneously resolved. Drug-induced tendinopathy has most commonly been associated with fluoroquinolones, statins, glucocorticoids, and aromatase inhibitors. In addition, other systemic agents have caused tendinopathy; they include amlodipine, anabolic steroids, antiretrovirals, isotretinoin, renin-angiotensin II receptor antagonists, rituximab, and sitagliptin. Albeit less frequent, other oral antibiotics, including cephalosporins, azithromycin, and sulfonamides, have also been associated with toxic tendinopathy. Also, injections of collagenase Clostridium histolyticum, corticosteroids, and polidocanol have been followed by tendon rupture. The features of tendinopathy associated with drug treatment are summarized and their postulated mechanisms of pathogenesis are reviewed. The onset of tendon pain following the initiation of treatment with a new medication, especially if the agent has previously been associated with drug-induced tendonitis, tendinosis, or tendon rupture, should prompt the consideration of drug-associated toxic tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Cohen
- Dermatology, San Diego Family Dermatology, San Diego, USA
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