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López-Blanco R, Benito-León J, Llamas-Velasco S, Del Castillo MD, Serrano JI, Rocon E, Romero JP, Velasco MA. Interaction with touchscreen smartphones in patients with essential tremor and healthy individuals. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2021; 36:657-665. [PMID: 34752343 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smartphone use in biomedical research is becoming more prevalent in different clinical settings. We performed a pilot study to obtain information on smartphone use by patients with essential tremor (ET) and healthy controls, with a view to determining whether performance of touchscreen tasks is different between these groups and describing touchscreen interaction factors. METHOD A total of 31 patients with ET and 40 sex- and age-matched healthy controls completed a descriptive questionnaire about the use of smartphones. Participants subsequently interacted with an under-development Android application, and performed 4 tests evaluating typical touchscreen interaction gestures; each test was performed 5 times. RESULT The type of smartphone use and touchscreen interaction were not significantly different between patients and controls. Age and frequency of smartphone use are key factors in touchscreen interaction. CONCLUSION Our results support the use of smartphone touchscreens for research into ET, although further studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- R López-Blanco
- Instituto de Investigación (i+12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J Benito-León
- Instituto de Investigación (i+12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Neurología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Center of Biomedical Network Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Llamas-Velasco
- Center of Biomedical Network Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - M D Del Castillo
- Centro de Automática y Robótica (CAR) CSIC-UPM, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, Spain
| | - J I Serrano
- Centro de Automática y Robótica (CAR) CSIC-UPM, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Rocon
- Centro de Automática y Robótica (CAR) CSIC-UPM, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Francisco de Vitoria University, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Daño Cerebral, Hospital Beata Maria Ana, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Velasco
- Centro de Automática y Robótica (CAR) CSIC-UPM, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, Spain
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Kara OK, Yardımcı BN, Livanelioglu A, Soylu AR. Examination of touch-coordinate errors of adolescents with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy at an aiming-tapping task. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2020; 33:81-89. [PMID: 31033458 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-181385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate performance (touch-coordinate errors, inter-touch interval) of touch screen technology in adolescents with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP) and healthy peers. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective case-control study included 31 adolescents. The participants consisted of 15 adolescents with CP in the USCP group and 16 age-matched healthy peers in the control group. All participants performed an aiming-tapping task with an Android tablet. Four sessions were randomly applied: visual feedback (VF) and no VF with the dominant hand's index finger (DHF), and VF and no VF with the non-dominant hand's index finger (NDHF). Inter-touch interval (ITI) and touch-coordinate errors (TCE) were calculated. RESULTS There were significant differences between the groups for VF and no VF-NDHF TCE and ITI (respectively p= 0.001, p= 0.01, p= 0.001, p= 0.004) and VF and no VF-DHF TCE values (respectively p= 0.01, p= 0.008). When comparing the dominant and non-dominant hand in the USCP group, there was a significant difference on TCE with no VF (p= 0.01). CONCLUSION This study provided insight into the touch screen performance of adolescents with USCP, who performed an aiming-tapping task with a tablet. Results showed that both affected and unaffected hand performance of touch screen tasks was impaired in adolescents with USCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgun Kaya Kara
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bilge Nur Yardımcı
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Livanelioglu
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Ruhi Soylu
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Hacettepe University, Turkey
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Liu N, Yu R. Investigation of force, contact area and dwell time in finger-tapping tasks on membrane touch interface. ERGONOMICS 2018; 61:1519-1529. [PMID: 29856276 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2018.1484178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the touch characteristics during tapping tasks on membrane touch interface and investigate the effects of posture and gender on touch characteristics variables. One hundred participants tapped digits displayed on a membrane touch interface on sitting and standing positions using all fingers of the dominant hand. Touch characteristics measures included average force, contact area and dwell time. Across fingers and postures, males exerted larger force and contact area than females, but similar dwell time. Across genders and postures, thumb exerted the largest force and the force of the other four fingers showed no significant difference. The contact area of the thumb was the largest, whereas that of the little finger was the smallest; the dwell time of the thumb was the longest, whereas that of the middle finger was the shortest. Relationships among finger sizes, gender, posture and touch characteristics were proposed. The findings helped direct membrane touch interface design for digital and numerical control products from hardware and software perspectives. Practitioner Summary: This study measured force, contact area and dwell time in tapping tasks on membrane touch interface and examined effects of gender and posture on force, contact area and dwell time. The findings will direct membrane touch interface design for digital and numerical control products from hardware and software perspectives. Abbreviations: M: mean; SD: standard deviation; ISO: International Organization for Standardization; LCD: liquid crystal display; ANOVA: analysis of variance; ANSI: American National Standards Institute; HFES: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- a Department of Industrial Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
| | - Ruifeng Yu
- a Department of Industrial Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing , China
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López-Blanco R, Benito-León J, Llamas-Velasco S, Del Castillo MD, Serrano JI, Rocon E, Romero JP, Velasco MA. Interaction with touchscreen smartphones in patients with essential tremor and healthy individuals. Neurologia 2018; 36:S0213-4853(18)30178-6. [PMID: 30100094 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smartphones use in biomedical research is becoming more prevalent in different clinical settings. We performed a pilot study to obtain information on smartphone use by patients with essential tremor (ET) and healthy controls, with a view to determining whether performance of touchscreen tasks is different between these groups and describing touchscreen interaction factors. METHOD A total of 31 patients with ET and 40 sex- and age-matched healthy controls completed a descriptive questionnaire about the use of smartphones. Participants subsequently interacted with an under-development Android application, and performed 4 tests evaluating typical touchscreen interaction gestures; each test was performed 5 times. RESULT The type of smartphone use and touchscreen interaction were not significantly different between patients and controls. Age and frequency of smartphone use are key factors in touchscreen interaction. CONCLUSION Our results support the use of smartphone touchscreens for research into ET, although further studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- R López-Blanco
- Instituto de Investigación (i+12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España; Departamento de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.
| | - J Benito-León
- Instituto de Investigación (i+12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España; Departamento de Neurología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España; Center of Biomedical Network Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), España; Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, España
| | - S Llamas-Velasco
- Center of Biomedical Network Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), España; Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, España
| | - M D Del Castillo
- Centro de Automática y Robótica (CAR) CSIC-UPM, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, España
| | - J I Serrano
- Centro de Automática y Robótica (CAR) CSIC-UPM, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, España
| | - E Rocon
- Centro de Automática y Robótica (CAR) CSIC-UPM, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, España
| | - J P Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Francisco de Vitoria University, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, España; Unidad de Daño Cerebral, Hospital Beata Maria Ana, Madrid, España
| | - M A Velasco
- Centro de Automática y Robótica (CAR) CSIC-UPM, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, España
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Danial-Saad A, Chiari L. A multidisciplinary approach for developing an assessment tool for touch screen devices. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2017; 13:745-753. [PMID: 28903629 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2017.1370500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to describe the processes of reaching consensus regarding the assessment of the user's skills required to operate various touch screen devices. A five-step procedure was used to collect and validate the required skills by a multidisciplinary team of 52 experts. Content validity was calculated to determine the agreement levels between the experts. A comparison was made between the discipline groups in order to test correlation between each group and their choice of specific clusters of tasks. METHODS The final consensus set by the experts' recommendations included 15 domains and 50 skills/measurements. The result of Cronbach's α test for the final assessment questionnaire (50 skills/measurements) was 0.94, which indicates a high degree of internal consistency. The results of Kruskal-Wallis's test showed the lack of any significant difference between agreements of the clinicians and the technicians groups, but significant differences were found between the educators and the clinicians groups. CONCLUSION The assessment questionnaire, in its current form, can be used by clinicians and it is expected to help in developing an objective assessment tool to quantify the performance and touch characteristics of individuals with varying abilities and disabilities, in order to enhance accessibility of touch screen technology. Implications for Rehabilitation Collecting and creating the required knowledge needed for assessing the user's skills for operating touch screen devices. The created knowledge helps clinicians to focus on the essential skills and measurements needed for a comprehensive assessment of the individual's abilities and disabilities while operating touch screen devices. The results of the assessment can be used as recommendations for enhancing accessibility of touch screen devices for various disabilities. This knowledge is expected to help in developing an application that provides an objective assessment tool. The study emphasizes the importance of close collaboration with multidisciplinary teams for creating a valid assessment tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Danial-Saad
- a Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences , The University of Haifa , Haifa , Israel.,b The Academic Arab College for Education in Israel , Haifa , Israel
| | - Lorenzo Chiari
- c Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering - Guglielmo Marconi (DEI) and Health Sciences and Technologies - Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR) , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
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Orphanides AK, Nam CS. Touchscreen interfaces in context: A systematic review of research into touchscreens across settings, populations, and implementations. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2017; 61:116-143. [PMID: 28237011 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although many studies have been conducted on the human factors and ergonomics (HFE) of touchscreens, no comprehensive review has summarized the findings of these studies. Based on a schema (three dimensions of understanding critical for successful display selection) presented by Wickens et al. (2004), we identified three dimensions of analysis for touchscreen implementations: touchscreen technology, setting and environment of implementation, and user population. We conducted a systematic review based on the PRISMA protocol (Moher et al., 2009), searching five article databases for relevant quantitative literature on touchscreens. We found that all three dimensions of analysis have a significant effect on the HFE of touchscreens, and that a selection for or against touchscreens must take into consideration the specific context of system interaction in order to maximize safety, performance, and user satisfaction. Our report concludes with a set of specific recommendations for systems designers considering touchscreens as input/output devices, and suggestions for future study into the HFE of touchscreens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas K Orphanides
- User Experience Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
| | - Chang S Nam
- Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
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Chen KB, Savage AB, Chourasia AO, Wiegmann DA, Sesto ME. Touch screen performance by individuals with and without motor control disabilities. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2013; 44:297-302. [PMID: 23021630 PMCID: PMC3572909 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Touch technology is becoming more prevalent as functionality improves and cost decreases. Therefore, it is important that this technology is accessible to users with diverse abilities. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of button and gap size on performance by individuals with varied motor abilities. Participants with (n = 38) and without (n = 15) a motor control disability completed a digit entry task. Button size ranged from 10 to 30 mm and gap size was either 1 or 3 mm. Results indicated that as button size increased, there was a decrease in misses, errors, and time to complete tasks. Performance for the non-disabled group plateaued at button size 20 mm, with minimal, if any gains observed with larger button sizes. In comparison, the disabled group's performance continued to improve as button size increased. Gap size did not affect user performance. These results may help to improve accessibility of touch technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen B. Chen
- Trace Research and Development Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2107 Engineering Centers Building, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Anne B. Savage
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 5173 Medical Sciences Center, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Amrish O. Chourasia
- Trace Research and Development Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2107 Engineering Centers Building, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Douglas A. Wiegmann
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 3270 Mechanical Engineering, 1513 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA, Trace Research and Development Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2107 Engineering Centers, Building, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mary E. Sesto
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 608 263 5697 (office); fax: +1 608 262 8848. (Mary E. Sesto). Postal address: University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2104 Engineering Centers Building, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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