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Kia K, Hwang J, Kim JH. The effects of target sizes on biomechanical and cognitive load and task performance of virtual reality interactions. ERGONOMICS 2024:1-15. [PMID: 39193884 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2024.2396038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of target sizes on biomechanical and cognitive load and the performance of virtual reality (VR) interactions. In a repeated-measures laboratory study, each of the twenty participants performed standardised VR tasks with three different target sizes: small, medium, and large. During the VR tasks, biomechanical load in the neck and shoulders (joint angles, joint moments, and muscle activity), cognitive load (perceived workload and cognitive stress), and task performance (completion time) were collected. The neck and shoulder joint angles, joint moments, and muscle activities were greater with the large targets compared to the medium and small targets. Moreover, the larger VR targets caused greater temporal demand and longer task completion time compared to the other target sizes. These findings indicate that target sizes in VR interfaces play important roles in biomechanical and cognitive load as well as task performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiana Kia
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Jaejin Hwang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, College of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL
| | - Jeong Ho Kim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
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2
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Guo J, Cheng R, Zhang W, Xia T. Influence of size and location of buttons on the usability of interface on large touch screens. ERGONOMICS 2023; 66:2025-2038. [PMID: 36762820 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2179670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study examined how large touchscreen buttons affect user task completion time, error rate, and subjective satisfaction (ease of pointing and clicking on targets). In this experiment, 31 participants completed button click tasks of square targets placed at 30 (5 × 6) different locations, with seven button sizes (10 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, 70 mm, 90 mm, 110 mm, and 130 mm). Repeated measures ANOVAs showed that on a 65'' large touch screen (W 1428 × H 803 mm), 70 mm buttons achieved essentially the best performance in completion time, 50 mm in error rates, and 90 mm in subjective satisfaction, respectively. We also compare the differences in efficiency among different button areas and button sizes. The surrounding area and lower area require a bigger button size to achieve the best performance in terms of error rates and subjective satisfaction. The right area requires a bigger optimal button size than the left area considering error rates, while it is the opposite for subjective satisfaction.Practitioner summary: This study investigates how the size and location of buttons on the increasingly popular large touch screen affect user experience. The study reveals that 70, 50, 90 mm size buttons are recommended when speed, accuracy and satisfaction are priorities respectively. The interaction between button size and button area is significantly different. The surrounding area and lower area require a bigger button size to achieve the best performance in terms of error rate and subjective satisfaction. Considering error rates, the right area requires a bigger optimal button size than the left area, while it is opposite for subjective satisfaction. These findings could facilitate the optimal design of usable large touch screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Guo
- School of Art and Design, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ruoqi Cheng
- School of Art and Design, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wenqian Zhang
- School of Art and Design, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tiansheng Xia
- School of Art and Design, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Zhou C, Zhan W, Huang T, Zhao H, Kaner J. An empirical study on the collaborative usability of age-appropriate smart home interface design. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1097834. [PMID: 37599721 PMCID: PMC10436099 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1097834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The smart home has become a popular product, but with the development of the aging population, the differentiated characteristics of the elderly smart home products in terms of demand and use are becoming more and more significant. The existing smart products are complicated to operate and cumbersome to interact with, which increases the cognitive load of the elderly group and hinders the daily use and user experience feeling of the elderly. The purpose of this paper is to study the interface data information and interface visual design starting from hardware and software, interface interaction, to explore the better interface data information and interface visual design, and to output, a new prototype of the operating interface of smart home system for the elderly, so that the smart products can be better used by the elderly. Methods Thirty-two participants aged 55-75 were invited to conduct the test, and subjective evaluation was conducted at the end of the test. Through the tests, the operability of the prototype structure for smart furniture systems for the elderly was demonstrated. Results In terms of functionality a new task based on a combination of icons and text is proposed. In the control of devices, the switching status of devices, etc., needs to be clearly distinguished visually, eye-protective bright colors are used, paired with low saturation to highlight the focus, and high bright colors with gray to distinguish the device status. In terms of the density of the content, an appropriate proportion of images and text were used to make the information less dense. ln the arrangement of web content, information content relevant to users was placed first as much as possible. Discussion Based on this, a secondary optimal design was carried out to improve the interactive design of the smart home for the elderly and output it as a prototype interactive interface. Thus, the operability, rationality, and aesthetic comfort of the prototype design of smart home interaction in an age-friendly scenario are improved, allowing the elderly to have a better experience when using the smart home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengmin Zhou
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjing Zhan
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Huang
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hanxiao Zhao
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jake Kaner
- School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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An Empirical Study on the Influence of Smart Home Interface Design on the Interaction Performance of the Elderly. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159105. [PMID: 35897468 PMCID: PMC9368622 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The concept of the smart home has been widely recognized and accepted, but the differentiated characteristics of elderly smart products in terms of demand and use are becoming more and more prominent. The lack of an efficient navigation design of the smart product interface increases the cognitive burden of elderly users, and how to better meet the needs of the elderly with smart products gradually becomes the focus of attention. This study was conducted for the elderly group, using the scenario-based design method to analyze the needs of elderly users, combining the research results of scenario theory with the smart home interaction design research method, focusing on how to make the style of interface navigation, sliding layout and button size more suitable for the cognitive behavior of elderly users. The purpose of this research is to realize an age-friendly smart home interaction design in terms of functional design and interface design. The experiment is divided into two stages: in stage 1, two different layouts and operation methods are commonly used for the age-friendly smart home interface: up and down sliding and left and right sliding; in stage 2, the functional buttons are square, where 4 styles are selected, and the side lengths are set to 10 mm, 12 mm, 15 mm, 18 mm and 22 mm. The sliding and retrieval test and retrieval and click test results show that for different sliding layout methods, the interactive performance and subjective evaluation of the interface with the up-and-down sliding layout are better. Among all functional button styles, the interaction performance and subjective evaluation of the simple button style with lines are the best. Among the function keys with a size of 10–22 mm, the interaction performance is better from 12 mm to 18 mm. The conclusion of the better interface data information obtained from this experiment improves the rationality of the age-friendly smart home interface and makes the smart home interface better for the age-friendly scenario.
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Yu N, Ouyang Z, Wang H. Study on Smart Home Interface Design Characteristics Considering the Influence of Age Difference: Focusing on Sliders. Front Psychol 2022; 13:828545. [PMID: 35391979 PMCID: PMC8982321 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.828545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Smart homes represent an effective approach to improve one's quality of life. Developing user interfaces that are both comfortable and understandable can assist users, particularly the elderly, embrace smart home technologies. It's critical to concentrate on the characteristics of smart home interface design and their impact on people of various ages. Since sliders are one of the most common components utilized in the smart home user interface, this article aimed to investigate the effects of slider design characteristics (e.g., button size, track color, and sliding orientation) on user performance and preference. Thirty-four participants were recruited for the experiment (16 for the young group, aged between 18 and 44 years; 18 for the middle-aged and elderly group, aged between 45 years and above). Our results revealed that both groups had shorter task completion time, less fixation time, and saccades on horizontal sliding orientation and larger buttons, which means better user performance. For the older group, the slider with color gradient track led to better user performance, while the track color only had less effect on the performance of the younger group. In terms of user preference, the results and performance of the older group were basically consistent, while the younger group had no significant difference in sliding orientation and track color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yu
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziwei Ouyang
- College of Art and Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hehe Wang
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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6
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Yu N, Ouyang Z, Wang H, Tao D, Jing L. The Effects of Smart Home Interface Touch Button Design Features on Performance among Young and Senior Users. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042391. [PMID: 35206579 PMCID: PMC8872557 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Touch technology-based smart homes have become increasingly prevalent, as they can help people with independent daily life, especially for the elderly. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of button features (i.e., button size, graphics/text ratio, and icon style) in smart home interfaces on user performance across two age groups. Participants in the young group (n = 15) and senior group (n = 15) completed a clicking task. Button size ranged from 10 mm to 25 mm with 5 mm increments. The three levels of graphics/text ratio were 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3, while icon style was either flat or skeuomorphic. Results showed that button size and graphics/text ratio had significant effects on user performance in both groups, whereas icon style only had an effect in the senior group. It was observed that the elderly were fond of buttons with a larger size of 20 mm with larger texts and skeuomorphic icons, whereas the young preferred a button size of 15 mm with equal-sized graphics and text. These results may help to improve the accessibility and usability of smart home interface design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yu
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Ziwei Ouyang
- College of Art and Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Hehe Wang
- College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Da Tao
- Institute of Human Factors and Ergonomics, College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Liang Jing
- User Experience Testing Center, China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, Beijing 100053, China;
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Moroncini G, Brunzini A, Papetti A, Filippini E, Maurizi V, Cesaretti G, Gesuita R, Gabrielli A, Germani M. Development of the optimal touchscreen interface for patients with scleroderma. JOURNAL OF SCLERODERMA AND RELATED DISORDERS 2021; 6:170-177. [PMID: 35386744 PMCID: PMC8892922 DOI: 10.1177/2397198320965382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Impaired hand function is a major contributor to overall disability and reduced health-related quality of life in scleroderma patients. A relevant issue concerns interaction of scleroderma subjects with touchscreen interfaces. This study aims at investigating this problem assessing scleroderma patients' performance with a novel, aptly designed, touchscreen application in order to identify critical items of touchscreen technology which may impair or facilitate the use by scleroderma subjects. Eighty scleroderma patients performed this novel application including three games, each of which tested a different gesture: tapping, dragging/dropping, and pinching-to-zoom. Eighty healthy subjects without hand impairments were recruited as controls. Scleroderma patients performed worse than healthy users in each game, and statistically significant negatively impacting items were identified. In the second phase of the study, the 10 worst touchscreen performers within the scleroderma cohort were recruited for a physio-rehabilitation trial based on the daily use at home of a modified version of the software application downloaded into the personal devices of patients. The results of this study allow introduction of guidelines to design accessible touchscreen interfaces for subjects with scleroderma and suggest that touchscreen technology may be included in self-administered physio-rehabilitation programs for scleroderma hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Moroncini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e
Molecolari, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Clinica Medica, Azienda Ospedali
Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Agnese Brunzini
- Department of Industrial Engineering and
Mathematical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Papetti
- Department of Industrial Engineering and
Mathematical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Emanuele Filippini
- Internal Medicine Residency Program,
Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Maurizi
- Internal Medicine Residency Program,
Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Cesaretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e
Molecolari, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gesuita
- Interdepartmental Centre of
Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (EBI Centre), Università
Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Armando Gabrielli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e
Molecolari, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Clinica Medica, Azienda Ospedali
Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Michele Germani
- Department of Industrial Engineering and
Mathematical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Design of a Mobile-Based Neurological Assessment Tool for Aging Populations. LECTURE NOTES OF THE INSTITUTE FOR COMPUTER SCIENCES, SOCIAL INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-70569-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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9
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Kara OK, Yardımcı BN, Livanelioglu A, Soylu AR. Examination of touch-coordinate errors of adolescents with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy at an aiming-tapping task. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2020; 33:81-89. [PMID: 31033458 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-181385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate performance (touch-coordinate errors, inter-touch interval) of touch screen technology in adolescents with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP) and healthy peers. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective case-control study included 31 adolescents. The participants consisted of 15 adolescents with CP in the USCP group and 16 age-matched healthy peers in the control group. All participants performed an aiming-tapping task with an Android tablet. Four sessions were randomly applied: visual feedback (VF) and no VF with the dominant hand's index finger (DHF), and VF and no VF with the non-dominant hand's index finger (NDHF). Inter-touch interval (ITI) and touch-coordinate errors (TCE) were calculated. RESULTS There were significant differences between the groups for VF and no VF-NDHF TCE and ITI (respectively p= 0.001, p= 0.01, p= 0.001, p= 0.004) and VF and no VF-DHF TCE values (respectively p= 0.01, p= 0.008). When comparing the dominant and non-dominant hand in the USCP group, there was a significant difference on TCE with no VF (p= 0.01). CONCLUSION This study provided insight into the touch screen performance of adolescents with USCP, who performed an aiming-tapping task with a tablet. Results showed that both affected and unaffected hand performance of touch screen tasks was impaired in adolescents with USCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgun Kaya Kara
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bilge Nur Yardımcı
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Livanelioglu
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Ruhi Soylu
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Hacettepe University, Turkey
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Swales M, Theodoros D, Hill AJ, Russell T. Speech-language pathologists' perceptions of the use of telepractice in the delivery of services to people with Parkinson's disease: A national pilot survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2020; 22:387-398. [PMID: 31416341 DOI: 10.1080/17549507.2019.1650110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To explore the perceptions, use and interest to use telepractice by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to deliver services to people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD).Method: A cross-sectional, mixed-methods online survey was conducted. Recruitment of SLPs with an active caseload of PwPD was conducted through non-probability, purposive sampling. Data were analysed using frequency distribution and thematic analysis.Result: A total of 63 SLPs responded. The majority (82.5%) were interested in telepractice, but only 23.1% provided services to PwPD online. Monitoring of motor speech function, and therapy were the primary services delivered online. Of those who did not currently offer online services to PwPD, 77.5% expressed interest to use telepractice. The development of telepractice guidelines and a comprehensive list of available software were the resources most requested to assist clinicians in offering such services. Most perceived telepractice as an appropriate delivery method for speech-language pathology services. However, views regarding the preference for face-to-face delivery were divided.Conclusion: SLPs view telepractice as a viable service delivery model for PwPD, but uptake of the model is variable. Several key barriers and resource limitations must be addressed to facilitate the implementation and sustainability of telepractice in clinical services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Swales
- Centre for Research in Telerehabilitation, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Deborah Theodoros
- Centre for Research in Telerehabilitation, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Anne J Hill
- Centre for Research in Telerehabilitation, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Trevor Russell
- Centre for Research in Telerehabilitation, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Chihara T, Seo A, Sakamoto J. A novel approach to bi-objective optimization of touch-screen installation position for minimizing physical workload and increasing screen visibility. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2019; 81:102881. [PMID: 31422253 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to propose a new method for optimizing the touch-screen installation position in order to minimize the physical workload and increase screen visibility. Ten students participated in this study. The participants utilized a touch screen at different installation heights (50, 65, and 80% of stature), tilt angles (0°, 45°, and 90° from the horizontal plane), and having different button sizes (a square with a side of 10, 20, and 30 mm). The joint angles, when using a touch screen, were measured to calculate the joint torque ratios (JTRs). Subjective screen visibility were also determined. The optimal installation position was determined by solving a bi-objective optimization problem consisting of two objective functions. The Pareto optimal solutions for the two objectives showed a range of 1124-1251 mm and 44.4-67.9°. The proposed method determined the optimal installation position of the touch screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Chihara
- Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Seo
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, 6-6 Asahigaoka, Hino, Tokyo, 191-0065, Japan.
| | - Jiro Sakamoto
- Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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12
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Asakawa DS, Becker MG, Asaro JM, Hein JL. Shoulder, elbow, and wrist joint angle excursions vary by gesture during touchscreen interaction. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2019; 62:102377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2019.102377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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13
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Yu D, Parmanto B, Dicianno B. An mHealth App for Users with Dexterity Impairments: Accessibility Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e202. [PMID: 30622096 PMCID: PMC6329431 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.9931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A mobile health (mHealth) system called iMHere (interactive mobile health and rehabilitation) was developed to support individuals with chronic conditions and disability in their self-management regimens. The initial design of iMHere, however, lacked sufficient accessibility for users with a myriad of dexterity impairments. The accessibility of self-management apps is essential in ensuring usability. OBJECTIVE This study aims to increase the usability of the iMHere system for users with dexterity impairments by increasing the app's accessibility. METHODS We targeted the accessibility redesign by focusing on the physical presentation and the navigability of the iMHere apps. Six participants presenting with dexterity impairments were included in the usability study of the original and redesigned apps. RESULTS We observed a lower number of touches needed to complete tasks (P=.09) and time to complete individual tasks (P=.06) with the redesigned app than with the original app; a significantly lower time for users to complete all tasks (P=.006); and a significantly lower error rate (P=.01) with the redesigned app than with the original app. In fact, no errors occurred with use of the redesigned app. Participant-reported overall average usability of the redesigned app (P=.007) and usability of individual modules (P<.001) were significantly higher than that of the original app due mostly to better ease of use and learnability, interface quality, and reliability. CONCLUSIONS Improved usability was achieved using a redesigned app. This study offers insight into the importance of personalization in enhancing the accessibility and also identifies strategies for improving usability in app development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daihua Yu
- Health & Rehab Informatics, Department of Health Information Management, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Bambang Parmanto
- Health & Rehab Informatics, Department of Health Information Management, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Brad Dicianno
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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14
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Chang J, Jung K. Development of a press and drag method for hyperlink selection on smartphones. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2017; 65:269-276. [PMID: 28802447 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study developed a novel touch method for hyperlink selection on smartphones consisting of two sequential finger interactions: press and drag motions. The novel method requires a user to press a target hyperlink, and if a touch error occurs he/she can immediately correct the touch error by dragging the finger without releasing it in the middle. The method was compared with two existing methods in terms of completion time, error rate, and subjective rating. Forty college students participated in the experiments with different hyperlink sizes (4-pt, 6-pt, 8-pt, and 10-pt) on a touch-screen device. When hyperlink size was small (4-pt and 6-pt), the novel method (time: 826 msec; error: 0.6%) demonstrated better completion time and error rate than the current method (time: 1194 msec; error: 22%). In addition, the novel method (1.15, slightly satisfied, in 7-pt bipolar scale) had significantly higher satisfaction scores than the two existing methods (0.06, neutral).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonho Chang
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Kihyo Jung
- School of Industrial Engineering, University of Ulsan; 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 680-749, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Danial-Saad A, Chiari L. A multidisciplinary approach for developing an assessment tool for touch screen devices. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2017; 13:745-753. [PMID: 28903629 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2017.1370500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to describe the processes of reaching consensus regarding the assessment of the user's skills required to operate various touch screen devices. A five-step procedure was used to collect and validate the required skills by a multidisciplinary team of 52 experts. Content validity was calculated to determine the agreement levels between the experts. A comparison was made between the discipline groups in order to test correlation between each group and their choice of specific clusters of tasks. METHODS The final consensus set by the experts' recommendations included 15 domains and 50 skills/measurements. The result of Cronbach's α test for the final assessment questionnaire (50 skills/measurements) was 0.94, which indicates a high degree of internal consistency. The results of Kruskal-Wallis's test showed the lack of any significant difference between agreements of the clinicians and the technicians groups, but significant differences were found between the educators and the clinicians groups. CONCLUSION The assessment questionnaire, in its current form, can be used by clinicians and it is expected to help in developing an objective assessment tool to quantify the performance and touch characteristics of individuals with varying abilities and disabilities, in order to enhance accessibility of touch screen technology. Implications for Rehabilitation Collecting and creating the required knowledge needed for assessing the user's skills for operating touch screen devices. The created knowledge helps clinicians to focus on the essential skills and measurements needed for a comprehensive assessment of the individual's abilities and disabilities while operating touch screen devices. The results of the assessment can be used as recommendations for enhancing accessibility of touch screen devices for various disabilities. This knowledge is expected to help in developing an application that provides an objective assessment tool. The study emphasizes the importance of close collaboration with multidisciplinary teams for creating a valid assessment tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Danial-Saad
- a Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences , The University of Haifa , Haifa , Israel.,b The Academic Arab College for Education in Israel , Haifa , Israel
| | - Lorenzo Chiari
- c Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering - Guglielmo Marconi (DEI) and Health Sciences and Technologies - Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR) , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
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Verikios D, Hitch D, Andriske L. Achieving occupational goals with the TAPit: A case study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2016. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2016.23.4.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aims: The Touch Accessible Platform for Interactive Technology (TAPit) is an interactive learning station, with a large touch screen providing access to the Internet and other resources. The aim of this study was to investigate the physical, psychosocial and functional impact of the TAPit on an individual living with spinal cord injury. Methods: This study employed a mixed methods case study design. Quantitative data was analysed descriptively, and both quantitative and qualitative data was classified according to the dimensions. Results: The introduction of the TAPit to the participant addressed aspects of doing, being, becoming and belonging, and had an immediate and successful impact for her, as she achieved two long-held and meaningful goals during a short trial. Strengths and limitations for the TAPit were identified in regards to people with spinal cord injury, along with directions for future development. Conclusions: This case study provides the first evidence about the effectiveness of the TAPit as an item of assistive technology for people with spinal cord injury, including participant perspectives on its use. This study demonstrates its potential as a device to support people to be able to participate in meaningful activities and occupations and that the provision of suitable adaptations and apps are the key to its success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debbie Verikios
- Clinical Lead Occupational Therapist, Trauma Rehabilitation, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Danielle Hitch
- Senior Lecturer, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Larissa Andriske
- Clinical Lead Occupational Therapist, Neurology, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Harte RP, Glynn LG, Broderick BJ, Rodriguez-Molinero A, Baker PMA, McGuiness B, O'Sullivan L, Diaz M, Quinlan LR, ÓLaighin G. Human centred design considerations for connected health devices for the older adult. J Pers Med 2014; 4:245-81. [PMID: 25563225 PMCID: PMC4263975 DOI: 10.3390/jpm4020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Connected health devices are generally designed for unsupervised use, by non-healthcare professionals, facilitating independent control of the individuals own healthcare. Older adults are major users of such devices and are a population significantly increasing in size. This group presents challenges due to the wide spectrum of capabilities and attitudes towards technology. The fit between capabilities of the user and demands of the device can be optimised in a process called Human Centred Design. Here we review examples of some connected health devices chosen by random selection, assess older adult known capabilities and attitudes and finally make analytical recommendations for design approaches and design specifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard P Harte
- School of Engineering and Informatics, Department Electrical & Electronic Engineering, NUI Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Liam G Glynn
- Galway Connected Health, NUI Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Barry J Broderick
- School of Engineering and Informatics, Department Electrical & Electronic Engineering, NUI Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Alejandro Rodriguez-Molinero
- School of Engineering and Informatics, Department Electrical & Electronic Engineering, NUI Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Paul M A Baker
- Centre for 21st Century Universities, (C21U) Georgia Institute of Technology, 760 Spring Street Atlanta, GA 30331-0210, USA.
| | | | - Leonard O'Sullivan
- Enterprise Research Centre, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Marta Diaz
- Technical Research Centre for Dependency Care and Autonomous Living, Neàpolis Rambla de l'Exposició, 59-69 08800 Vilanova i la Geltrú, Spain.
| | - Leo R Quinlan
- Physiology, School of Medicine, NUI, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Gearóid ÓLaighin
- School of Engineering and Informatics, Department Electrical & Electronic Engineering, NUI Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.
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Choi KS, Chan TY. Facilitating mathematics learning for students with upper extremity disabilities using touch-input system. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2014; 10:170-80. [PMID: 24377758 DOI: 10.3109/17483107.2013.873490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of using tablet device as user interface for students with upper extremity disabilities to input mathematics efficiently into computer. METHODS A touch-input system using tablet device as user interface was proposed to assist these students to write mathematics. User-switchable and context-specific keyboard layouts were designed to streamline the input process. The system could be integrated with conventional computer systems only with minor software setup. A two-week pre-post test study involving five participants was conducted to evaluate the performance of the system and collect user feedback. RESULTS The mathematics input efficiency of the participants was found to improve during the experiment sessions. In particular, their performance in entering trigonometric expressions by using the touch-input system was significantly better than that by using conventional mathematics editing software with keyboard and mouse. The participants rated the touch-input system positively and were confident that they could operate at ease with more practice. CONCLUSIONS The proposed touch-input system provides a convenient way for the students with hand impairment to write mathematics and has the potential to facilitate their mathematics learning. Implications for Rehabilitation Students with upper extremity disabilities often face barriers to learning mathematics which is largely based on handwriting. Conventional computer user interfaces are inefficient for them to input mathematics into computer. A touch-input system with context-specific and user-switchable keyboard layouts was designed to improve the efficiency of mathematics input. Experimental results and user feedback suggested that the system has the potential to facilitate mathematics learning for the students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kup-Sze Choi
- Centre for Smart Health, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , China and
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