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Bouzid W, Tavassoli N, Berbon C, Qassemi S, Vaysset S, Poly M, Bounes V, Shourick J, Nourhashémi F. Exploring Population Characteristics and Recruitment Challenges in Older People Experiencing Falls at Home without Hospitalization or with an Emergency Department Visit: Insights from the RISING-DOM Experience. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:1995-2008. [PMID: 38058551 PMCID: PMC10697010 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s421053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing number of falls among community-living older adults are reported in emergency calls. Data on evidence of appropriate fall prevention interventions are limited and challenges in recruiting this population in randomized trials are acknowledged. Purpose The main aim of this study was to provide demographic data, circumstance and fall-related outcomes of the population in the RISING-DOM study [Impact d'une évaluation des facteurs de RISque de chute et d'une prise en charge personnalisée, sur la mortalité et l'institutionnalisation, après INtervention du SAMU chez la personne âGée à DOMicile], a multicenter, randomized interventional trial involving community-dwelling older adults who have experienced a fall at home and were not hospitalized. Additionally, the challenges of remote recruitment in this population were discussed. Patients and Methods Participants were identified through the Occitania Emergency Observatory database. Participant recruitment and data collection were performed through telephone interviews (October 2019-March 2022). Additionally, a sample survey of Emergency Medical Services calls was carried out. Results Out of the 1151 individuals screened, a total of 951 participants were included in the trial follow-up, resulting in an acceptance rate of 82.62%. The screening delay was extended due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Recruiting difficulties were mainly related to identifying potential participants, unavailable contact information and unreachability. Participants' mean age was 84.1 years, 65.8% were women, and 44.3% lived alone. Pain was the most frequent outcome (53%). In the previous year, 73.5% of participants reported experiencing a fall, with 66.7% of those falls requiring assistance from Emergency Medical Services (EMS). Nearly, 40% did not take proactive steps to prevent future falls and walking aids (79.8%) were the most common preventive action. Conclusion Indicators of a high-risk group of falls have been identified underscoring the need for appropriate fall interventions in the target population. Challenges of large sampling for randomized fall prevention trials were provided. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04132544. Registration date: 18/10/2019. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04132544?term=rising-dom&draw=2&rank=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Bouzid
- Geriatric Medicine Unit (Gérontopole), University of Toulouse Hospital Center, Toulouse, France
- Regional Health Agency of Occitanie, Toulouse, 31000, France
| | - Neda Tavassoli
- Geriatric Medicine Unit (Gérontopole), University of Toulouse Hospital Center, Toulouse, France
| | - Caroline Berbon
- Geriatric Medicine Unit (Gérontopole), University of Toulouse Hospital Center, Toulouse, France
| | - Soraya Qassemi
- Geriatric Medicine Unit (Gérontopole), University of Toulouse Hospital Center, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Vaysset
- Geriatric Medicine Unit (Gérontopole), University of Toulouse Hospital Center, Toulouse, France
| | - Magali Poly
- Geriatric Medicine Unit (Gérontopole), University of Toulouse Hospital Center, Toulouse, France
| | - Vincent Bounes
- Emergency Medicine Unit, University of Toulouse Hospital Center, Toulouse, France
| | - Jason Shourick
- Research Methodology Support Unit (USMR), Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Department, University of Toulouse Hospital Center, Toulouse, France
- CERPOP, UMR 1295, INSERM – University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Fati Nourhashémi
- Geriatric Medicine Unit (Gérontopole), University of Toulouse Hospital Center, Toulouse, France
- CERPOP, UMR 1295, INSERM – University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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Lin WQ, Lin L, Sun SY, Yuan LX, Sun MY, Wang C, Chen JM, Li YH, Zhou Q, Wu D, Huang TY, Liang BH, Liu H. Prevalence of falls, injury from falls and associations with chronic diseases among community-dwelling older adults in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1251858. [PMID: 37780423 PMCID: PMC10540617 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1251858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction As a developing country with the largest older adult population in the world, strengthening the research on falls among the older adults is undoubtedly an urgent item in China. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk factors associated with falls and injury from falls among community-dwelling older adults in Guangzhou, China, particularly focusing on their associations with chronic diseases. Methods A total of 1,629 participants aged 65 years and above were selected from 11 counties in Guangzhou by the multi-stage stratified random sampling method in 2021. Socio-demographic characteristics, health and lifestyle factors, the status of falls, and injury from falls were measured by structured questionnaires through face-to-face interviews. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis were used to identify factors associated with falls and injury from falls. Chord diagrams were used to explore their associations with chronic diseases. Results A total of 251 participants (15.41%, 95% CI: 13.98%-17.25%) reported falls, and 162 participants (9.46%, 95% CI:7.72%-11.55%) indicated an injury from falls. Logistic regression analysis showed the results as follows: female patients (adjusted OR = 1.721, 95% CI: 1.681-1.761) aged ≥80 years (1.910, 1.847-1.975), unemployed (1.226, 1.171-1.284), uninsured (1.555, 1.448-1.671), average monthly household income of 2,001-4,000 CNY (1.878, 1.827-1.930), number of services provided by the community health center ≥13 times per year (1.428, 1.383-1.475), illness within 2 weeks (1.633, 1.595-1.672), high-intensity physical activity (2.254, 2.191-2.32), sedentary (1.094, 1.070-1.117), and number of chronic disease illnesses ≥3 (1.930, 1.870-1.993). Meanwhile, those risk factors were also associated with injury from falls. The older adults with medium-intensity physical activity were at lower risk (0.721, 0.705-0.737) of falls and higher risk (1.086, 1.057-1.117) of being injured from falls. Chord diagrams showed the correlations between chronic diseases and falls and injury from falls among community-dwelling older adults in Guangzhou, China. Conclusion The high prevalence of falls is found among community-dwelling older adults in Guangzhou, China, which is related to multiple factors such as demographic variables, lifestyle, and health status, especially for chronic diseases. Therefore, targeted interventions should be developed and implemented urgently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Quan Lin
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University and Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Lin
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Yu Sun
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le-Xin Yuan
- Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Ying Sun
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University and Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Min Chen
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao-Hui Li
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University and Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Prevention and Control of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Yuan Huang
- Department of Prevention and Control of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo-Heng Liang
- Department of Prevention and Control of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Basic Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
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Beato M, Dawson N, Svien L, Wharton T. Examining the Effects of an Otago-Based Home Exercise Program on Falls and Fall Risks in an Assisted Living Facility. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2020; 42:224-229. [PMID: 29698252 DOI: 10.1519/jpt.0000000000000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Otago exercise program is a strengthening, balance, and walking program designed to decrease falls among community-dwelling older adults. Few studies have examined the effects of the Otago program in an assisted living environment. The purpose of the current study was to assess the effects of an Otago-based home exercise program in decreasing falls and the risk of falls among older adults living in an assisted living facility. METHODS A retrospective chart review of 30 individuals residing at either of 2 assisted living facilities in central Florida was undertaken. Participants had a mean age of 87 years, were at risk for falls as determined by the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA), and were provided with an Otago-based intervention by home health physical therapy. The outcome measures were the number of falls in the previous year, the number of falls in the year following the intervention, and Tinetti POMA scores pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The mean (SD) number of falls significantly decreased from 1.4 (0.9) to 0.5 (0.7) fall per person per year after home health physical therapy with the tailored Otago based-exercise intervention. The intervention resulted in a statistically significant improvement in Tinetti POMA scores from 11.8 (2.5) to 17.6 (3.8). CONCLUSIONS An Otago-based strengthening, balance, and walking home exercise program can potentially be used to decrease the number of falls and the risk of falling among older adults residing in an assisted living facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morris Beato
- Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Department of Health Professions, University of Central Florida, Orlando
| | - Nicole Dawson
- Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Department of Health Professions, University of Central Florida, Orlando
| | - Lana Svien
- Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls
| | - Tracy Wharton
- School of Social Work, University of Central Florida, Orlando
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Kechaou I, Cherif E, Sana BS, Boukhris I, Hassine LB. [Traumatic and psychosocial complications of falls in the elderly in Tunisia]. Pan Afr Med J 2019; 32:92. [PMID: 31223383 PMCID: PMC6561009 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2019.32.92.16667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Les chutes chez le sujet âgé constituent un problème de santé majeur de par les complications traumatiques et psychosociales qui peuvent entrainer une perte de l'autonomie et un état de dépendance. L'objectif de notre travail est d'étudier les circonstances et les conséquences traumatiques et psychosociales des chutes chez les sujets âgés. Méthodes Nous avons mené une étude rétrospective réalisée entre septembre 2014 et janvier 2016 incluant 40 patients âgés de 65 ans et plus ayant fait au moins une chute l'année précédente recrutés parmi les patients hospitalisés ou suivis à la consultation externe du service de Médecine Interne B de l'hôpital Charles Nicolle. Les circonstances et les conséquences des chutes ont été recueillies par l'interrogatoire rétrospectif des patients et de leur entourage à distance de la chute. Résultats L'âge moyen des patients chuteurs était de 75,7 ans avec une prédominance féminine nette (30F/10H). Des facteurs précipitants étaient retrouvés chez 38 patients. Ils étaient de type extrinsèque dans 78,9% des cas et intrinsèques dans 50% des cas. Un séjour prolongé au sol était noté dans 10% des cas. Les fractures étaient plus fréquentes chez les femmes (12F/1H) intéressant surtout les membres supérieurs (61,5%). Les conséquences psychosociales ont été plus fréquentes chez les femmes. Un syndrome post chutes a été noté chez 5 patients. Conclusion La correction des facteurs précipitants intrinsèques et extrinsèques des chutes et l'apprentissage du relever du sol en post chutes permettra de prévenir le risque de chute ainsi que ses conséquences graves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Kechaou
- Service de Médecine Interne B, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Eya Cherif
- Service de Médecine Interne B, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Ben Salem Sana
- Service de Médecine Interne B, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Imène Boukhris
- Service de Médecine Interne B, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Lamia Ben Hassine
- Service de Médecine Interne B, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Tunisie
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Rayner R, Carville K, Leslie G, Dhaliwal SS. A risk model for the prediction of skin tears in aged care residents: A prospective cohort study. Int Wound J 2018; 16:52-63. [PMID: 30175484 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to construct a predictive model to identify aged care residents at risk of future skin tears. Extensive data about individual characteristics, skin characteristics, and skin properties were gathered from 173 participants at baseline and at 6 months. A predictive model, developed using multivariable logistic regression, identified five variables that significantly predicted the risk of skin tear at 6 months. These included: a history of skin tears in the previous 12 months (OR 3.82 [1.64-8.90], P = 0.002), purpura ≤20 mm in size (OR 3.64 [1.42-9.35], P = 0.007), a history of falls in the previous 3 months (OR 3.37 [1.54-7.41], P = 0.002), clinical manifestations of elastosis (OR 3.19 [1.38-7.38], P = 0.007), and male gender (OR 3.08 [1.22-7.77], P = 0.017). The predictive model yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.854 with an 81.7% sensitivity and an 81.4% specificity. This predictive model could inform a simple but promising bedside tool for identifying older individuals at risk of skin tears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Rayner
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Silver Chain Group, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Keryln Carville
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Silver Chain Group, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gavin Leslie
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Correlates of Falls among Community-Dwelling Elderly in Thailand. J Aging Res 2018; 2018:8546085. [PMID: 29992055 PMCID: PMC5994309 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8546085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly every nation is experiencing rapid population aging. One area of major concern is health; a major health risk for older adults is falling, and there are multiple negative consequences of falling. This is a global concern yet is underresearched in many nations. This study examines demographic, health, and environmental correlates of falling among community-dwelling Thai elderly. Data were collected from a sample of 406 adults aged 60–69. Significant (p < 0.05) fall correlates were urban residence, older age, greater BMI, impaired and uncorrected vision, chronic health conditions, medication use and medication side effects, poor muscle tone, and hazardous indoor and outdoor home environments. Results lead to recommendations for interventions to reduce fall risk that are both evidence-based and culturally acceptable.
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Thaweewannakij T, Suwannarat P, Mato L, Amatachaya S. Functional ability and health status of community-dwelling late age elderly people with and without a history of falls. Hong Kong Physiother J 2015; 34:1-9. [PMID: 30931021 PMCID: PMC6385134 DOI: 10.1016/j.hkpj.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obvious functional deterioration is demonstrated in elderly people aged 75 years and older. However, there is only little objective evidence relating to falls in these individuals. Objective: This cross-sectional study compared functional abilities and health status in the elderly age at least 75 years with no fall, single fall (1 fall), and multiple falls (≥2 falls) during the past 6 months. Furthermore, the study describes fall information of the participants. Methods: Ninety participants (30 individuals/group) were interviewed for their health status and fall history within the past 6 months. Then they were objectively assessed in terms of their functional ability to conduct daily activities independently. Results: The findings indicated that the functional abilities of participants with multiple falls were significantly poorer, with the number of those requiring a walking device significantly greater than that in the other groups. These individuals reported loss of balance as a major factor for falls, whereas individuals with a single fall reported an environmental hazard as a common cause of falls. Conclusion: Although the cross-sectional findings may be unable to clearly confirm the causal relationship of the outcomes, the data support the influence of intrinsic impairments and can be used to promote functional ability and minimise fall risk in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiwabhorn Thaweewannakij
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patcharawan Suwannarat
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Lugkana Mato
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sugalya Amatachaya
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Trommelen RD, Buttone LF, Dicharry DZ, Jacobs RM, Karpinski A. The Use of Five Repetition Sit to Stand Test (FRSTST) to Assess Fall Risk in the Assisted Living Population. PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/02703181.2015.1016646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Milat AJ, Watson WL, Monger C, Barr M, Giffin M, Reid M. Prevalence, circumstances and consequences of falls among community-dwelling older people: results of the 2009 NSW Falls Prevention Baseline Survey. NEW SOUTH WALES PUBLIC HEALTH BULLETIN 2011; 22:43-48. [PMID: 21631998 DOI: 10.1071/nb10065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM To describe the prevalence, circumstances and consequences of falls among community-dwelling older people in NSW using data from the 2009 NSW Falls Prevention Baseline Survey. METHODS Telephone interviews with a random sample of 5681 NSW residents aged 65 years and over were conducted in 2009. RESULTS Of those surveyed, 25.6% reported falling in the last year. Of those who fell, 61.2% fell once, 21.4% fell twice, 7.8% fell three times, and 9.5% fell four or more times in the last year. Sixty-six percent of those who fell in the last year were injured and 20.0% visited a hospital as a result of a fall. The most common injuries were cuts, grazes or bruises (71.0%) and sprains or strains (9.9%). CONCLUSION The findings of this survey are consistent with previous findings in the published fall injury prevention literature. The results from the survey will assist in the design of community oriented fall injury prevention strategies and will form the baseline measure for the evaluation of the impact of these strategies in NSW.
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Abstract
Alcohol consumption in the older adult is of major concern with the advent of baby boomers coming into the over 65-age bracket. Alcohol consumption has been touted as beneficial for health, and while that may be accurate for moderate consumption in younger persons, there is considerable risk associated with increased alcohol intake in older adults. This increase is partially due to age-related physiological changes, existing diagnoses, number of comorbid conditions, and increased use of prescribed and/or over-the-counter medications, coupled with other concerns. This review addresses the current research regarding ethanol consumption in older adults and all-cause mortality as well as several conditions more frequently seen in the geriatric population. These conditions include vascular diseases, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders, hepatic disorders, dental and oro-facial problems, bone density decline, and falls and fractures. In addition, drug interactions and recent research into select vitamin and mineral considerations with increased alcohol intake in older persons are addressed. While recommendations for alcohol intake have not been specifically established for age ranges within the 65-year-and-older bracket, and practitioners do not routinely assess alcohol intake or ethanol related adverse events in this population, common sense approaches to monitoring will become increasingly important as the generation of "boomers" who believe that alcohol intake improves health comes of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roschelle A Heuberger
- Department of Human Environmental Studies, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
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Ramesh BN, Rao TSS, Prakasam A, Sambamurti K, Rao KSJ. Neuronutrition and Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2010; 19:1123-39. [PMID: 20308778 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2010-1312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurological disorder resulting from both genetic and environmental factors with the latter being particularly important for the sporadic form of the disease. As such, diets rich in saturated fatty acids and alcohol, and deficient in antioxidants and vitamins appear to promote the onset of the disease, while diets rich in unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, antioxidants, and wine likely suppress its onset. In addition, evidence suggests that diets rich in polyphenols and some spices suppress the onset of AD by scavenging free radicals and preventing oxidative damage. Metal ions are known to catalyze the production of free radicals and induce mental retardation or dementia, and several studies have also identified metals such as Pb, Fe, Al, Cu, and Zn in AD pathogenesis. While specific metal chelators have been tested for therapy, they have not been very successful, probably due to their late administration, i.e., after brain damage has been triggered. Since several dietary polyphenols are known to chelate metals, their routine use may also be protective against the onset of AD. In this review, we summarize beneficial dietary techniques in the fight against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balenahalli N Ramesh
- Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, CSIR Unit, Mysore, India
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Shin KR, Kang Y, Hwang EH, Jung D. The prevalence, characteristics and correlates of falls in Korean community-dwelling older adults. Int Nurs Rev 2010; 56:387-92. [PMID: 19702815 DOI: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2009.00723.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk factors for falls that have been reported in Caucasian older adults may not be the same for Korean older adults. OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence, characteristics and correlates of falls among community-dwelling older adults in Korea. METHODS A stratified random sampling method was conducted to recruit participants, and 335 were eligible to participate from September 2006 to March 2007. Socio-demographic data, history of disease and medications, activities of daily living (ADL), cognitive status, health behaviour and fall incidents were collected. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sample. The prevalence of falls was obtained. Univariate analyses for risk factors of falls using chi-square and t-test statistics, and multivariate logistic regression analyses for correlates of falls were performed. RESULTS Of the 335 older adults, 48 (15%) elderly had experienced falls. There was a significant difference between older adults who fell and those who did not fall with regard to ADL and exercise behaviour. Non-fallers had higher ADL scores and showed higher levels of adherence to exercise than fallers. The independent risk factor for falls was ADL. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS In this study, an individual's functional status and exercise engagement were significant factors that differentiated fallers and non-fallers. Therefore, an effective fall prevention programme should be focused on encouraging older adults to participate in regular exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-R Shin
- Division of Nursing Science, College of Health Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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Elliott S, Painter J, Hudson S. Living Alone and Fall Risk Factors in Community-Dwelling Middle Age and Older Adults. J Community Health 2009; 34:301-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s10900-009-9152-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Deprey SM. Descriptive Analysis of Fatal Falls of Older Adults in a Midwestern County In the Year 2005. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2009. [DOI: 10.1519/00139143-200932020-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Fear of Falling in Older Adults: Comprehensive Review. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2008; 2:214-22. [DOI: 10.1016/s1976-1317(09)60003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2008] [Revised: 09/01/2008] [Accepted: 10/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing in prevalence, and environmental risk factors have not been identified with certainty. There is evidence that oxidative stress, homocysteine-related vitamins, fats, and alcohol have a role in the pathogenesis of AD. Few large epidemiological studies have explored the associations between nutrients and AD, and there has been only one trial of vitamin E in the prevention of AD. Some studies suggest that high intake of vitamins C, E, B6, and B12, and folate, unsaturated fatty acids, and fish are related to a low risk of AD, but reports are inconsistent. Modest to moderate alcohol intake, particularly wine, may be related to a low risk of AD. Available data do not permit definitive conclusions regarding diet and AD or specific recommendations on diet modification for the prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Luchsinger
- Taub Institute for Research of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA
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