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Nguyen TNM, Saunders R, Dermody G, Whitehead L. The influence of culture on the health beliefs and health behaviours of older Vietnam-born Australians living with chronic disease. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38922977 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
AIM To explore the health beliefs and health behaviours of older Vietnam-born people living with chronic disease in Western Australia. DESIGN This study was designed as a focused ethnography guided by the interpretative research paradigm and Leininger's Theory of Culture Care. METHODS Data were collected through participant observation and interviews undertaken at participants' homes in Western Australia over 7 months in 2019. Data were analysed using Wolcott's approach for transferring qualitative data, comprising three phases: description, thematic analysis and interpretation. RESULTS This study included 12 participants. The health perspectives and practices of older Vietnam-born Australians significantly reflected the traditional Vietnamese values. These included the stigma towards chronic disease as an inevitable consequence of ageing; self-blame thoughts about chronic disease causations and maintained traditional dietary practices. However, some aspects of their health behaviours such as beliefs and practices in traditional medicine, Western medicine and physical exercise reflected a blended approach combining both Vietnamese-oriented and Westernized-orientated practices. Individual factors were also identified as contributing to chronic disease self-care among participants. CONCLUSION This study emphasizes culture played a significant role in shaping the way that older Vietnam-born Australians believed and behaved while living with chronic conditions. However, it also indicates that culture is not a stationary concept, it evolves gradually and is socially constructed. IMPLICATIONS A better understanding of the health beliefs and practices of older Vietnam-born Australians is expected to contribute to the delivery of culturally safe and effective support for this population. The achievement of culturally safe care requires a systemic approach and collaboration of strategies across sectors. PATIENT AND PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This study encompassed the contribution of 12 older Vietnam-born Australians who offered the researcher the privilege to enter their world and the staff of social care organization who opened the gate for the researcher to approach participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ngoc Minh Nguyen
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rosemary Saunders
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gordana Dermody
- School of Health Science, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lisa Whitehead
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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Steimle L, von Peter S, Frank F. Professional relationships during crisis interventions: A scoping review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298726. [PMID: 38394216 PMCID: PMC10890742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A crisis can be described as subjective experience that threatens and overwhelms a person's ability to handle a specific situation. In dealing with crises some people are looking for support from professionals. The "professional relationship" between people experiencing a crisis and professionals plays an important role in the successful management of a crisis which has been widely researched in many contexts. However, regarding outpatient services (e. g. crisis resolution home treatment teams), yet empirical evidence remains limited. OBJECTIVE We aim to explore descriptions of supportive professional relationships during outpatient crisis interventions in empirical literature. Accordingly, a scoping review was conducted to identify types of evidence, map the key concepts, and point out research gaps. METHODS MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Social Science Citation Index were searched for studies reporting empirical data on the professional relationship between people experiencing a crisis (18+) and professionals (e. g. social workers, psychiatrists) during a crisis intervention, defined as a short-term, face-to-face, low threshold, time-limited, outpatient, and voluntary intervention to cope with crises. Studies were excluded if they were published before 2007, in languages other than English and German, and if they couldn't be accessed. Included studies were summarized, compared, and synthesized using qualitative content analyses. RESULTS 3.741 records were identified, of which 8 met the eligibility criteria. Only one study directly focused on the relationship; the others addressed varied aspects. Two studies explored the perspectives of service users, five focused on those of the professionals and one study examined both. The empirical literature was categorized into three main themes: strategies used to develop a supportive professional relationship, factors influencing the relationship and the nature of these relationships. DISCUSSION The results reveal a gap in understanding the nature of supportive professional relationships from the service users' perspective, as well as how professionals construct these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Steimle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health and Social Work, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sebastian von Peter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Fabian Frank
- Department of Social Work, Protestant University of Applied Sciences Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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3
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Martin J. 'You have to be a certain sort of person': An interpretative phenomenological analysis of mental health support workers' experiences of physical restraint in inpatient settings. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2023; 32:1691-1700. [PMID: 37464582 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Physical restraint is a controversial practice in psychiatric inpatient settings. Research has clearly demonstrated its physical and psychological risks, but few studies investigate how mental health support workers understand their experiences of restraint use. This study uses interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore support workers' understanding of these experiences. The COREQ checklist was used to ensure explicit reporting of the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three participants and were then analysed using an interpretative phenomenological process. One superordinate theme emerged: 'You have to be a certain sort of person'. Restraints require not only the ability to overcome one's emotions, but also the ability to connect with the person being restrained. The implications of these findings for psychiatric care provision and for further research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Martin
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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Brune S, Killam L, Camargo-Plazas P. Caring Knowledge as a Strategy to Mitigate Violence against Nurses: A Discussion Paper. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2023; 44:437-452. [PMID: 37167098 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2023.2205502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Violence against nurses is a disturbing trend in healthcare that has reached epidemic proportions globally. These violent incidents can result in physical and psychological injury, exacerbating already elevated levels of stress and burnout among nurses, further contributing to absenteeism, turnover, and intent to leave the profession. To ensure the physical and mental well-being of nurses and patients, attention to the development of strategies to reduce violence against nurses must be a priority. Caring knowledge-rooted in the philosophy of care-is a potential strategy for mitigating violence against nurses in healthcare settings. We present what caring knowledge is, analyze its barriers to implementation at the health system and education levels and explore potential solutions to navigate those barriers. We conclude how the application of models of caring knowledge to the nurse-patient relationship has the potential to generate improved patient safety and increased satisfaction for both nurses and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Brune
- School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Nursing (BSN) Program, University of the Fraser Valley, Chilliwack, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laura Killam
- School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- School of Health Sciences and Emergency Services, Cambrian College, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
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5
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Bissonette S, Tyerman J, Chartrand J. Mutuality in nurse-caregiver relationships in pediatric nursing: A concept analysis. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 70:26-33. [PMID: 36796301 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
PROBLEM Mutuality is often used in literature in the context of family-centered care and therapeutic relationship building. A therapeutic relationship is necessary to deliver family-centered care, strengthen family health and function, increase patient and family satisfaction, reduce anxiety, and empower decision-makers. Despite mutuality being such an important concept, it is not well defined in the literature. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA The Walker and Avant method for concept analysis was used. The databases Medline, PSYCHInfo, CINHAL and Nursing & Allied Health were searched for texts in English from 1997 to 2021 using specific search terms. SAMPLE Of the 248 results, 191 articles were screened and 48 met inclusion criteria. RESULTS Mutuality was found to be a process of dynamic reciprocity whereby the partners contribute uniquely to their shared goals, values, or purposes. CONCLUSION Mutuality is an important aspect of family-centered care and is used throughout nursing and advanced nursing practice. IMPLICATIONS The concept of mutuality should be incorporated into family-centered care policies, as without it, family-centered care cannot be established. Further research should be done to develop methods or educational techniques to establish and maintain mutuality in advanced nursing practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bissonette
- University of Ottawa, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, 451 Smyth Road, Room 3251, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Jane Tyerman
- University of Ottawa, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, 451 Smyth Road, Room 3251C, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Julie Chartrand
- University of Ottawa, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, 451 Smyth Road, Room 3236B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Fradelos E, Alexandropoulou CA, Kontopoulou L, Papathanasiou IV, Tzavella F. Factors Affecting Greek Nurses' Caring Behaviors: The Role of Nurses' Spirituality and the Spiritual Climate of Hospitals. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:1816-1830. [PMID: 35044588 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of nurses' personality, spirituality, and spiritual care in nurses' caring behaviors. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in two hospitals, located in Athens, Greece. Data were collected by a four-part self-reported questionnaire. The results showed that work experience seems to play an important and positive role on nurses' caring behaviors, and all personality traits, except neuroticism. Also, spirituality and spiritual climate are significant factors predicting nurses' caring behaviors. Moreover, a hospitals' spiritual climate can positively influence all domains of nursing care (p < 0.001). Nurses spirituality (faith) and hospital spiritual climate can also positively influence nursing care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Fradelos
- Community Nursing Lab, Nursing Department, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
- Nursing Department, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece.
- , Gaiopolis Campus, Larissa - Trikala Ring Road, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
| | | | - Lamprini Kontopoulou
- Community Nursing Lab, Nursing Department, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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Sass C, Brennan C, Farley K, Crosby H, Rodriguez Lopez R, Romeu D, Mitchell E, House A, Guthrie E. Valued attributes of professional support for people who repeatedly self-harm: A systematic review and meta-synthesis of first-hand accounts. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2022; 31:424-441. [PMID: 35034422 PMCID: PMC9306637 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic interventions are an important adjunct to self-help strategies for people who self-harm. There is little guidance for those offering therapy on the effective components of interventions for people who self-harm. This was a systematic review aiming to identify the factors that contribute to positive experiences of therapy as described by people who have reduced or stopped self-harm. The review followed PRISMA guidelines to locate and synthesize peer-reviewed qualitative studies describing experiences of therapy among people who had reduced or stopped self-harm. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were peer reviewed and conducted for at least two researchers independently. Relevant first-hand quotations were extracted from eligible studies and synthesized using a thematic analysis in collaboration with experts with personal and professional experience of self-harm. Twenty-three studies met eligibility criteria. Themes identified in the reported accounts were arranged under two meta-themes. 'Positive aspects of seeing a professional' identified aspects of professional care that were common to all encounters: the value of sharing, space to talk and reflect, and the boundaries inherent in contact with a professional. 'Positive attributes of individual professionals' depended upon individual characteristics: the ability to build reciprocal trust by being non-judgemental, showing genuine empathic concern, and being confident to talk about and respond directly to self-harm. Our review indicates that therapeutic alliance is perceived as key to effective professional help for self-harm, irrespective of underlying principles of therapy. All forms of therapy should be timely and reliable and centred around the needs of the individual and their experience of self-harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Sass
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Cathy Brennan
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Kate Farley
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Helen Crosby
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Trinity University, Leeds, UK
| | - Rocio Rodriguez Lopez
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Daniel Romeu
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds and York Partnership Foundation Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Allan House
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Else Guthrie
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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8
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The Effectiveness of the Integrated Care Model among Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Depression: A Quasi-Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063306. [PMID: 35328996 PMCID: PMC8954662 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Depression is the second-leading cause of disability among older patients worldwide. This study examined the effectiveness of the Integrated Care Model (ICM) intervention in decreasing depression, suicide ideation, and psychological symptoms and improving life satisfaction among old patients with depression living in communities. The participants were allocated to either the intervention (n = 67) or control group (n = 76) from July 2018 to November 2018. All participants received the usual geriatric care for three months in eastern Taiwan. Additionally, participants in the intervention group were treated according to the ICM, including the assessment and management of health problems, improvements in spiritual and mental wellbeing, helping with activities of daily life and mobility, providing social welfare resources, and prevention of elder abuse. The patients in the experimental group showed significant improvement in the group-by-time effect on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Brief Symptom Rating Scale, suicide ideation measures, and the Life Satisfaction Index over 18 weeks. The ICM should be included in routine geriatric care and adopted in hospitals, long-term care facilities, and communities
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9
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Williams J, Lugo RG, Firth AM. Exploring the therapeutic alliance and race from sports psychologists' and athletes' lived experiences: A pilot study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08736. [PMID: 35079648 PMCID: PMC8777152 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic alliance has been explored widely within therapy literature but more research is necessary on the sport and exercise psychology client dyad. The racial/cultural identity development model and Rogers's (1957) six core conditions provide the conceptual and theoretical framework for this pilot qualitative study, which seeks to explore the building process in therapeutic relationships within cross-racial sport and exercise psychology. The perspectives of four black athletes of mixed descent and seven sport and exercise psychologists from diverse backgrounds (Arab = 1, Black British = 3, White British = 3) were considered. One-hour semi-structured interviews were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis. This yielded the following themes for athletes: lack of disclosure, racial impact on alliance, desired characteristics and experience. For sport and exercise psychologists these themes included therapeutic alliance building blocks, creating safe spaces and the racial impact of disclosure. Recommendations for building the process in cross-racial dyads are explored based on the participants' comments. The findings are discussed and areas for future research are explored based on these main themes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo G. Lugo
- Østfold University College, Department of Welfare, Management and Organisation, Norway
- Corresponding author.
| | - Andrea M. Firth
- University Campus of Football Business, Department of Psychology, UK
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10
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Yosep I, Mediani HS, Lindayani L. Working alliance among mental health nurses in Indonesia: A comparative analysis of socio-demographic characteristics. BELITUNG NURSING JOURNAL 2021; 7:125-130. [PMID: 37469944 PMCID: PMC10353595 DOI: 10.33546/bnj.1259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Working alliance between therapist and client in psychotherapy practice has become proven to compensate for a significant difference in various psychotherapy modalities. However, few studies have investigated the structure of alliance in the context of nurses working at mental health hospitals in Indonesia. Objective This study aimed to compare the working alliance of mental health nurses according to socio-demographic characteristics. Methods A cross-sectional research was performed at the Mental Health Hospital in West Java, Indonesia, as a referral hospital in Indonesia from May to December 2019. The inclusion criteria were nurses with a minimum of one year of working experience and a Diploma III certificate in nursing. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 120 nurses who agreed to join in this study. The working alliance was measured using Working Alliance Inventory-Short Revised-Therapist (WAI-SRT). Results The majority of the respondents were female (77.5%), holding a Diploma III degree in nursing (49.17%), having working experience ranged from 11 to 15 years (34.17%), and working at the chronic unit (32.5%). The mean score of the working alliance was 44.46 (SD = 11.32). The domain of agreement on goals had a higher mean score (17.65 ± 3.45), followed by the task domain (16.56 ± 5.81) and bond domain (22.10 ± 7.23). There was a significant difference in working alliance according to education level and working experience (p < 0.05), while no significant differences in terms of gender and working unit. Conclusion Mental health nurses with higher education levels and more vast working experience had higher working alliances. Thus, nurse managers and hospital policymakers should provide Continues Nursing Education (CNE), working alliance training, and therapeutic strategies for nurses to improve their working alliances. It is also essential to cooperate with nursing schools to include working alliances as learning objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyus Yosep
- Faculty of Nursing, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia
| | | | - Linlin Lindayani
- Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Keperawatan PPNI Jawa Barat, Bandung, Indonesia
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McCarthy L, Teague B, Rowe K, Janes K, Rhodes T, Hackmann C, Samad L, Wilson J. Practice-informed guidance for undertaking remotely delivered mental health research. Nurse Res 2021; 29:8-16. [PMID: 33855819 DOI: 10.7748/nr.2021.e1770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assessment and monitoring of health conditions using remote or online delivery is an emerging interest in healthcare systems globally but is not routinely used in mental health research. There is a growing need to offer remotely delivered appointments in mental health research. There is a lack of practical guidance about how nurse researchers can undertake remote research appointments ethically and safely, while maintaining the scientific integrity of the research. AIM To provide mental health nurse researchers with information about important issues to consider when assessing the appropriateness of remotely delivered research and methods to support the development of a supportive research relationship. DISCUSSION The practice guidance and checklist include issues a nurse researcher should consider when assessing suitability and eligibility for remotely delivered research visits, such as ethical considerations and arrangements, safety, communication, and identifying participants requiring further support. This article addresses processes to follow for assessing mental capacity, obtaining informed consent and collaboratively completing research measures. CONCLUSION Remotely delivered research appointments could be acceptable and efficient ways to obtain informed consent and collect data. Additional checks need to be in place to identify and escalate concerns about safeguarding or risks. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Practical guidance for mental health nurse researchers when determining the appropriateness of remote research visits for participants, and an adaptable checklist for undertaking remote research appointments are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise McCarthy
- Research department, Hellesdon Hospital, Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, England
| | - Bonnie Teague
- Research department, Hellesdon Hospital, Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, England
| | - Kayte Rowe
- Research department, Hellesdon Hospital, Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, England
| | - Kathryn Janes
- Research department, Hellesdon Hospital, Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, England
| | - Tom Rhodes
- Research department, Hellesdon Hospital, Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, England
| | - Corinna Hackmann
- Research department, Hellesdon Hospital, Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, England
| | - Lamiya Samad
- Research department, Hellesdon Hospital, Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, England
| | - Jon Wilson
- Research department, Hellesdon Hospital, Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, England
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Hartley S, Raphael J, Lovell K, Berry K. Effective nurse-patient relationships in mental health care: A systematic review of interventions to improve the therapeutic alliance. Int J Nurs Stud 2019; 102:103490. [PMID: 31862531 PMCID: PMC7026691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Therapeutic alliance is a core part of the nursing role and key to the attainment of positive outcomes for people utilising mental health care services. However, these relationships are sometimes difficult to develop and sustain, and nursing staff would arguably benefit from evidence-based support to foster more positive relationships. Objectives We aimed to collate and critique papers reporting on interventions targeted at improving the nurse–patient therapeutic alliance in mental health care settings. Design Systematic literature review. Data sources The online databases of Excerpta Medica database (Embase), PsycINFO, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched, eligible full text paper references lists reviewed for additional works and a forward citation search conducted. Review methods Original journal articles in English language were included where they reported on interventions targeting the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship and included a measure of alliance. Data were extracted using a pre-determined extraction form and inter-rater reliability evaluations were conducted. Information pertaining to design, participants, interventions and findings was collated. The papers were subject to quality assessment. Results Relatively few eligible papers (n = 8) were identified, highlighting the limitations of the evidence base in this area. A range of interventions were tested, drawing on diverse theoretical and procedural underpinnings. Only half of the studies reported statistically significant results and were largely weak in methodological quality. Conclusions The evidence base for methods to support nursing staff to develop and maintain good therapeutic relationships is poor, despite this being a key aspect of the nursing role and a major contributor to positive outcomes for service users. We reflect on why this might be and make specific recommendations for the development of a stronger evidence base, with the hope that this paper serves as a catalyst for a renewed research agenda into interventions that support good therapeutic relationships that serve both staff and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Hartley
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, United Kingdom; Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust, Ashton-under-Lyne OL6 7SR, United Kingdom.
| | - Jessica Raphael
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, United Kingdom
| | - Karina Lovell
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Berry
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, United Kingdom
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Ameel M, Kontio R, Välimäki M. Interventions delivered by nurses in adult outpatient psychiatric care: An integrative review. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2019; 26:301-322. [PMID: 31251445 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: In many countries, the majority of psychiatric care is being delivered in an outpatient setting and the proportion of outpatients is increasing on a global level. Nurses are the largest workforce in psychiatric care, but their role has been said to be difficult to define. According to our knowledge, there are no previous reviews focusing on nurse-delivered interventions in the adult psychiatric outpatient setting. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: This review summarizes nurse-delivered interventions identified in the research literature and describes these systematically. Analysing all the identified interventions using the Nursing Interventions Classification, we conclude that the emphasis of nurse-delivered interventions in psychiatric outpatient care is on interventions aiming at improving the functioning of both patients and their family members by building on their own strengths. These findings differ from those presented in a review on inpatient psychiatric nursing. There are several clinical trials describing nurse-delivered evidence-based treatments, such as psychoeducation for patients and their family members in the case of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The quality of randomized controlled trials was higher than in earlier reviews describing psychiatric nursing interventions in general or in connection with a specific patient group. Further clinical trials are needed to describe the role of nurses in the care of patients diagnosed with depression and in the use of web-based interventions. Additionally, it would be important to study what supports, and on the other hand hinders, the role of nurses in delivering evidence-based treatments at the clinical level. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Nurses can play a central role in responding to the growing demand for evidence-based practices in adult outpatient psychiatry, by delivering treatments for patients and family members. It is important that both nursing education and clinical practices recognize and support this role. Abstract Introduction According to our knowledge, there are no previous reviews on nurse-delivered interventions in the adult psychiatric outpatient setting. Aim To identify and systematically describe and analyse nurse-delivered interventions based on research literature. Method An integrative review. Results This review included 60 studies, of which 46 were intervention studies, including 40 clinical trials. The most common patient groups were patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The nursing interventions described in the studies resembled a total of 68 interventions from the Nursing Interventions Classification. The treatment delivery methods varied and treatments often lacked a clear theoretical background. Implications for practice The core of nurse-delivered interventions identified in research literature in psychiatric outpatient care is on interventions aiming at improving the functioning of both patients and their family members by building on their own strengths. These findings differ from the interventions identified in a review describing nursing in the inpatient setting. There are high-quality clinical trials describing nurse-delivered treatments for patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. These include evidence-based treatments such as psychoeducation. Understanding of how these treatments are transferred in clinical practice is missing. Clinical trials describing nurse-delivered web-based interventions and interventions for patients diagnosed with depression are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ameel
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raija Kontio
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maritta Välimäki
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Kealy D, Lee E. Childhood trauma among adult clients in Canadian community mental health services: Toward a trauma-informed approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00207411.2018.1521209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Kealy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Eldal K, Natvik E, Veseth M, Davidson L, Skjølberg Å, Gytri D, Moltu C. Being recognised as a whole person: A qualitative study of inpatient experience in mental health. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2019; 40:88-96. [PMID: 30845858 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2018.1524532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Few studies address the many challenges that are faced by staff and patients in the inpatient mental health context. In particular, there is a lack of research that explores first-hand patient experiences in order to establish what treatment practices best assist patient recovery and what are the barriers to these practices. This qualitative study, which utilises a user-involved research framework, collaborates with a co-researcher patient group throughout the study. Fourteen patients, all of whom had been in inpatient treatment for at least three weeks, were recruited to the study. Study participants were interviewed in-depth in the period September 2016 to March 2017. Data underwent a thematic analysis that was inspired by interpretative phenomenological analysis. A core theme of the findings was the importance of being recognised as a whole person, and the patient-professional relationship was regarded as a fundamental factor in fostering recovery, with two underlying themes: (i) a need to have one's self-identity recognised and supported, and (ii) an experience of ambivalence between needing closeness and distance. This study suggests ways nurses can give priority to interpersonal interactions and relationships with hospitalised patients over task-oriented duties, highlighting the need for nurses to balance patient competing needs for both closeness and distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari Eldal
- a Department of Health and Care Sciences , Western Norway University of Applied Sciences , Førde , Norway
| | - Eli Natvik
- a Department of Health and Care Sciences , Western Norway University of Applied Sciences , Førde , Norway
| | - Marius Veseth
- b Department of Clinical Psychology , University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway
| | - Larry Davidson
- c Program for Recovery and Community Health, School of Medicine and Institution for Social and Policy Studies , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut , USA
| | - Åse Skjølberg
- a Department of Health and Care Sciences , Western Norway University of Applied Sciences , Førde , Norway.,d Center for Health Research in Sogn og Fjordane, District General Hospital of Førde , Førde , Norway
| | - Dorte Gytri
- d Center for Health Research in Sogn og Fjordane, District General Hospital of Førde , Førde , Norway
| | - Christian Moltu
- a Department of Health and Care Sciences , Western Norway University of Applied Sciences , Førde , Norway.,e Department of Psychiatry, District General Hospital of Førde , Førde , Norway
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Delaney KR. Underestimating or overestimating the power of therapeutic nurse-patient interactions. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2018; 31:100-101. [PMID: 30592121 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen R Delaney
- Department of Community, Systems and Mental Health, Rush College of Nursing, 600 S Paulina Chicago,, Illinois 60612
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17
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Baumbusch J, Wu S, Lauck SB, Banner D, O'Shea T, Achtem L. Exploring the synergies between focused ethnography and integrated knowledge translation. Health Res Policy Syst 2018; 16:103. [PMID: 30390696 PMCID: PMC6215639 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-018-0376-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Issues with the uptake of research findings in applied health services research remain problematic. Part of this disconnect is attributed to the exclusion of knowledge users at the outset of a study, which often results in the generation of knowledge that is not usable at the point of care. Integrated knowledge translation blended with qualitative methodologies has the potential to address this issue by working alongside knowledge users throughout the research process. Nevertheless, there is currently a paucity of literature about how integrated knowledge translation can be integrated into qualitative methodology; herein, we begin to address this gap in methodology discourse. The purpose of this paper is to describe our experience of conducting a focused ethnography with a collaborative integrated knowledge translation approach, including the synergies and potential sources of discord between integrated knowledge translation and focused ethnography. Methods We describe the specific characteristics and synergies that exist when using an integrated knowledge translation approach with focused ethnography, using a research exemplar about the experiences of frail, older adults undergoing a transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Results Embedding integrated knowledge translation within focused ethnography resulted in (1) an increased focus on the culture and values of the context under study, (2) a higher level of engagement among researchers, study participants and knowledge users, and (3) a commitment to partnership between researchers and knowledge users as part of a larger programme of research, resulting in a (4) greater emphasis on the importance of reciprocity and trustworthiness in the research process. Conclusions Engaging in integrated knowledge translation from the outset of a study ensures that research findings are relevant for application at the point of care. The integration of integrated knowledge translation within focused ethnography allows for real-time uptake of meaningful and emerging findings, the strengthening of collaborative research teams, and opportunities for sustained programmes of research and relationships in the field of health services research. Further exploration of the integration of knowledge translation approaches with qualitative methodologies is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Baumbusch
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada.
| | - Sarah Wu
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sandra B Lauck
- St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z1Y6, Canada
| | - Davina Banner
- School of Nursing, University of Northern British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Prince George, BC, V2N4Z9, Canada
| | - Tamar O'Shea
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Leslie Achtem
- St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z1Y6, Canada
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18
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Sorsa MA, Kiikkala I, Åstedt-Kurki P. Engagement in help-seeking of dual diagnosed mothers at a low-threshold service: grasping life through co-created opportunities. ADVANCES IN DUAL DIAGNOSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1108/add-11-2017-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
Mothers with a dual diagnosis (mental ill health and substance use) have delays in accessing services, or their care may be interrupted prior to therapeutic relationships being formed. The purpose of this paper is to explore and describe how engagement merges in the context of mothers with a dual diagnosis.
Design/methodology/approach
This is a qualitative, focused ethnographic study at a low-threshold service for substance abusing families. The data contain interviews, observations, field notes, and reflections. The analysis followed several systematic steps.
Findings
Engagement is the co-creation of possibilities between workplace staff and the client in different interfaces. It is not a single act, emotion, or verbal communication, but a complex intertwined system of events that can awaken or enable the client to get a grasp on life. The sensitivity of the worker is one tool for engaging the client in manifold ways in different interfaces: even the smallest events with connection are viewed as valuable. Engagement involves the intentional client in the process of interaction: the client needs to participate and become an acting and sensing part of the change, which occurs on an experiential level. The process is described with the metaphor of a seed.
Originality/value
Engagement as inner involvement challenges the current working methods, and requires sensitivity, because the mothers with a dual diagnosis may not have verbalisable goals when arriving to the services.
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Denness KJ, Carr ECJ, Seneviratne C, Rae JM. Factors influencing orthopedic nurses’ pain management: A focused ethnography. Can J Pain 2017; 1:226-236. [PMID: 35005357 PMCID: PMC8730550 DOI: 10.1080/24740527.2017.1403285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the factors influencing orthopedic surgery nurses’ decisions to administer pro re nata (PRN) opioid analgesia for postoperative pain. Background: Fast-track surgery programs reduce length of stay by identifying and addressing factors causing patients to remain in hospital, including pain (H. Kehlet, Lancet. 2013;381:9878(9878)). The management of acute pain is an important component of quality care for patients after total knee arthroplasty. Methods: The study used a qualitative design of focused ethnography. Ten nurses working on an orthopedic surgery unit at a large urban hospital in western Canada participated in semistructured interviews that used a patient vignette to examine factors that influenced participants’ pain management in the context of fast-track surgery. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis and constant comparison. Findings: Nurses described a complex clinical environment where the interplay of several factors informed decisions to administer PRN opioid analgesia. The unit’s culture and physical space influenced nurses’ assessments of pain and their decisions whether to treat pain with PRN opioids. Each nurse’s self-concept affected pain management decisions because of perceived importance of pain control and perceived duty to provide analgesics. The subjectivity of pain added another layer of complexity as nurses responded to the patient’s expression of pain from within the milieu of the unit culture and their unique self-concept. Conclusion: Understanding the complexity of factors that influence nurses’ postoperative pain management provides clinical nurses and nursing leaders with directions for future education and research, guided by the goal of continued improvement in pain management in the challenging setting of fast-track surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla J. Denness
- Acute Pain Service, Alberta Health Services, South Health Campus, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | - Janice M. Rae
- Acute Pain Service, Alberta Health Services, South Health Campus, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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20
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Brown BJ. Mutuality in health care: review, concept analysis and ways forward. J Clin Nurs 2016; 25:1464-75. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Brown
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences; School of Applied Social Sciences; De Montfort University; Leicester UK
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21
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Brown B. Towards a critical understanding of mutuality in mental healthcare: relationships, power and social capital. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2015; 22:829-35. [PMID: 26608676 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Brown
- School of Applied Social Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
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22
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Procter N, Backhouse J, Cother I, Ferguson M, Fielder A, Jackson A, Murison J, Reilly JA. Engaging consumers in the Australian emergency mental health context: a qualitative perspective from clinicians working in the community. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2015; 23:428-436. [PMID: 25471007 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Successfully engaging with consumers is seen as an essential component of mental healthcare, yet doing so can be challenging and little is understood about the unique engagement skills and attributes employed by mental health clinicians working in the emergency community context. Consequently, this qualitative study explored the engagement experiences of clinicians to identify the attributes used when engaging with consumers in this unique setting. We conducted two semi-structured focus groups in July and August 2011 with 16 clinicians employed at one metropolitan mental health organisation in South Australia. Using thematic analysis, we identified two key themes pertaining to the skills and attributes used for successful consumer engagement: (i) building trust, through communication style, an honest approach, facilitating choice and locating trust networks; and (ii) portraying genuine care, through showing respect, offering practical assistance and taking the least restrictive pathway. These findings highlight the unique nature of engagement in the emergency community mental health setting, as well as the flexibility and resourcefulness required to facilitate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Procter
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Julia Backhouse
- Outer Southern Community Mental Health, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ingrid Cother
- Eastern Community Mental Health Centre, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Monika Ferguson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrea Fielder
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Adrian Jackson
- Eastern Community Mental Health Centre, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Julie Murison
- Country Health SA Local Health Network, Port Pirie Regional Health Service, Port Pirie, South Australia, Australia
| | - Julie-Anne Reilly
- Mental Health Directorate, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Zugai JS, Stein-Parbury J, Roche M. Therapeutic alliance in mental health nursing: an evolutionary concept analysis. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2015; 36:249-57. [PMID: 25988275 DOI: 10.3109/01612840.2014.969795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The concept of therapeutic alliance is relevant in contemporary mental health care, as the consumer-led recovery movement promotes the development of collaborative relationships, and is focussed on the consumer's individual concept of wellbeing. An evolutionary concept analysis was undertaken to establish a contemporary interpretation of therapeutic alliance for mental health nursing. The CINAHL, Scopus and PsycINFO databases were searched for articles (n = 322), with 52 deemed appropriate for analysis. Therapeutic alliance is characterised by mutual partnerships between nurses and consumers, and is dependent on a humanistic healthcare culture. Therapeutic alliance is associated with enhanced consumer outcomes and experiences with care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Sebastian Zugai
- University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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24
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Meltzer ME. The Use of Acceptance to Promote Positive Change by Decreasing Shame and Guilt: A Practice Exemplar. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2015; 36:826-30. [PMID: 26514261 DOI: 10.3109/01612840.2015.1043673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of acceptance by mental health clinicians in the clinical setting is an effective method for providing a safe environment for clients to make positive changes. Acceptance means that mental health clinicians are non-judgmental and acknowledge the clients' situations as they are. When actively used by clinicians, acceptance decreases clients' anxiety and the intensity of their feelings of guilt and shame. Clients are then able to begin to accept themselves as they are. The purpose of this article is to discuss the ways in which mental health clinicians promote clients' acceptance of themselves using the tools of acceptance and commitment therapy and dialectical behavioral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Ellen Meltzer
- a University of Massachusetts, College of Nursing and Health Sciences , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
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25
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Dreizler J, Koppitz A, Probst S, Mahrer-Imhof R. Including nurses in care models for older people with mild to moderate depression: an integrative review. J Clin Nurs 2013; 23:911-26. [PMID: 23651063 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this integrative literature review was twofold: (1) to investigate different collaborative programmes for older people with depression living at home with diverse access to care and (2) to describe conceptualisation of the nurses' role and interventions within these care models. BACKGROUND One in four older people who visits a General Practitioner suffers from depression. Depression is a concern for 15% of all older home-care service clients. Detecting and managing depression in older people is highlighted as a key role of nurses. A literature review has been conducted to investigate collaborative models of care, aimed at ensuring low-threshold access to care and exploring the scope of nurse practice within these models. METHODS Literature review comprising 14 studies and reviews. RESULTS Three different collaborative care programmes (Collaborative Care Model, Community Mental Health Team and Psychogeriatric Assessment and Treatment in City Housing programme) were identified. In all programmes, the essential aspects were complex and multifaceted interventions, provided by a variety of healthcare professionals, but the access to care differed. All studies described the role of nurses differently and with wide variations. CONCLUSIONS Despite a broad scope of practice, nurses play a pivotal role within the different models of care. Nurses have to have the educational background and expertise in mental health issues to recognise depression and eventually be able to provide more comprehensive interventions to alleviate depression in older people. RELEVANCE TO PRACTICE Collaboration is needed to meet the needs of older people with depression. New forms of work divisions are pivotal to achieve this objective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Dreizler
- School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
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