The Effect of the Cognitive-behavioral Model-based Psychoeducation and Exercise Intervention on Quality of Life in Alcohol Use Disorder

Risk and Protective Factors for the Use of Illicit Drugs: Perspective of the Users

ABSTRACT

This article aimed to describe the perspective of people who make harmful use of illicit substances on the contributions of risk and protective factors to the development of problems related to drug use. One hundred eleven participants were recruited from a health service for drug users in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo through posters with information, distribution of brochures, and snowball sampling technique. The sample consists of 51.9% men and 48.1% women, with 81.3% single and 10.3% married. Among them, 54.2% of participants completed high school, 64.1% were Catholic, and 34% rarely practiced their religion. The results on risk factors were classified into three domains, namely, "personal characteristics and behaviors," "family circumstances," and "other social pressures," and those on protective factors were also classified into three domains, namely, "personal characteristics and behaviors," "family circumstances," and "circumstances in the community." The data make it possible to guide the incorporation of multiple strategies to protect the consumption of illicit drugs in human biopsychosocial development, especially among children and adolescents.

Trait anger – Anger expression style and coping with stress in alcohol and substance use disorders: A randomized and controlled study

PURPOSE

The objective of this randomized controlled study is to analyze the effect of nine-session psychoeducation on anger and stress coping abilities of individuals who are individuals with alcohol and substance use disorders.

DESIGN AND METHODS

The single-blind research method was used in the experimental study in the pretest - posttest order. The study was conducted in the Alcohol and Drug Addiction Research, Treatment and Education Center (AMATEM) of a Training and Research Hospital, between July 1st and October 30th of 2021, with 61 patients (30 in experimental group, 31 in control group). The data was collected with Sociodemographic Information Form, Ways of Coping with Stress Scale (WCSI), and Trait Anger - Anger Expression Style Scale (STAI). The data was analyzed using mean, percentage distribution, standard deviation, Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon test, Fisher-Exact test or "Pearson-χ²" and "Spearman" correlation coefficient.

RESULTS

The age average of the experimental group is 33.48±9.28 and control group is 34.03±8.49.A statistically significant difference was detected in the experimental group in terms of pretest and posttest scores of WCSI and STAI subscales (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Psychoeducation program is observed to be effective in coping with stress and providing anger control in in-patients with the objective of this randomized controlled study is to analyze the effect of nine-session psychoeducation on anger and stress coping abilities of individuals who are individuals with alcohol and substance use disorders.

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS

The psychiatric nurse should ensure the continuation of the psychoeducation program for the objective of this randomized controlled study is to analyze the effect of nine-session psychoeducation on anger and stress coping abilities of individuals who are individuals with alcohol and substance use disorders.

The effect of a psychoeducation program based on the rational emotional behavioral approach in individuals with multiple sclerosis diagnosis: A randomized controlled trial

PURPOSE

This study aimed to examine the effects of a psychoeducational program on the cognitive emotion regulation levels of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).

DESIGN AND METHOD

This study followed a randomized, controlled quasi-experimental design. A questionnaire including descriptive characteristics and disease-related characteristics and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were used in the data collection.

FINDINGS

The difference between the pretest-posttest and follow-up test mean scores of the patients in the experimental group was significant (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The psychoeducation program based on the rational emotional behavioral approach increased the use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in individuals with MS.

The Effectiveness of Exercise as an Adjunct Intervention to Improve Quality of Life and Mood in Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Quality of life and affective outcomes offer a perspective of the burden of disease experienced by people with substance use disorder. This can be considered an alternative measure of substance use disorder severity. This review aims to evaluate the impact of exercise as a novel intervention on quality of life and affect in substance use disorder. Method: Medline, CINAHL, Amed, Web of Science core collections, Embase, PsychINFO and SportDISCUS databases were searched from inception to August 2021 for studies that assessed the impact of exercise on mood, depression, anxiety and quality of life outcomes in substance use disorder. Exercise interventions of any duration were included. Results: Forty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Quality of life scores improved with larger effects seen in studies with two or more sessions per week. Depression and anxiety scores decreased, with 19 of the 25 data sets reporting a reduction in depression (effect size 0.2-1.86) and 13 of the 17 data sets reporting a reduction in anxiety (effect sizes 0.2-1.42). Mood improved in six of the seven data sets reviewed with effect sizes ranging from 0.34 to 1.13. Discussion: Included studies had numerous methodological flaws therefore results need to be interpreted with caution. Further research needs to be completed with more rigorous methodologies to support these results. Conclusions: Results indicate promising responses to exercise as a novel intervention for quality of life and mood in substance use disorder, however further research of high methodological quality is needed to confirm.

The Effect of Psychoeducation on Self-Efficacy and Motivation for Taking Treatment in Breast Cancer Patients (Ca Mammae)

Introduction: Besides being a physiological problem, breast cancer is also a psychological problem. Breast cancer patients are prone to   anxiety, depression, stress, fear, and other psychological problems. Prolonged psychological problems that are not resolved lead to impaired self-confidence and motivation to undergo treatment, which has a negative impact on health. Psychoeducation as a psychological therapy as well as providing education is used as a therapy that aims to overcome the psychological problems of breast cancer patients.Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental research design. The population in this study was breast cancer patients (ca mammae) at Prof. Dr. Margono Soekardjo Purwokerto. The sample of this study was 50 respondents obtained with purposive sampling technique. The independent variable of this study is psychoeducation and the dependent variables are self-efficacy and motivation. Data were collected using a general self-efficacy questionnaire and intrinsic motivation inventory as well as an observation sheet. Data were analyzed using the Paired T-Test and Independent Test statistical tests with a level of significance 𝛼≤0.05.Results: There was an effect of psychoeducation to self-efficacy and motivation (p= 0.000; p=0.000.Conclusion: This study shows that psychoeducation affects self-efficacy and motivation to undergo treatment in breast cancer patients (ca mammae). Psychoeducation provides information related to breast cancer and stress management methods so that it can increase self-efficacy and motivation to undergo treatment for breast cancer patients.

"Step by step": the development of a therapeutic game to assist in the treatment of drug use

This research aimed to understand the potential of game design to improve the experience of drug users and their families with psychoeducation. In the design field, the term experience refers to the quality of the interaction between people and a product, which is, in this research, a therapeutic game called "Step by Step". Fifteen in-depth interviews were developed with patients and their family members after playing "Step by Step" in multifamily groups. Results indicate that the game improved the experience with psychoeducation. Participants' appraisals suggested that the game dynamics facilitated users' immersion. The playing situation was assessed as safe to address sensitive issues not normally expressed between patients and their relatives. The visual and tactile designed stimuli were evaluated as learning facilitators. The simplicity of the game was appraised as helpful, allowing the inclusion of distinct generations in collective learning. Results provided insights to foster game design in the health field.

Is Exercise a Useful Intervention in the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder? Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

OBJECTIVES

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of exercise on individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) across multiple health outcomes.

DATA SOURCES

PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Academic Search complete, Sport Discuss, and ERIC databases.

STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA

Interventional studies published between 2000 and 2018 focused on evaluating the effectiveness of exercise interventions in adults with AUD.

DATA EXTRACTION

This protocol was prepared using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocols standard and the Meta-Analyses and Systematic Reviews of Observational Studies guidelines.

DATA SYNTHESIS

Physical activity levels/fitness [VO₂ max (Oxygen Uptake) and HRmax (Maximum Heart Rate)], levels of depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, quality of life, and alcohol consumption (number of standard drinks consumed per day and per week).

RESULTS

The findings indicated that exercise significantly improved physical fitness as assessed by VO₂ max (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.487, P < .05) and HRmax (SMD: 0.717, P < .05). Similarly, exercise significantly improved mental health as assessed by quality of life (SMD: 0.425, P < .05), but levels of depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, and alcohol consumption did not change significantly. Aerobic exercise alleviated depression and anxiety symptoms more than that of yoga and mixed types. Duration of exercise also had a similar effect on anxiety and depression.

CONCLUSIONS

Exercise can be an effective and persistent adjunctive treatment for individuals with AUDs.