Nursing Diagnoses of the Homeless Population in Light of Self-care Theory

Cross-mapping medical records to NANDA-I to identify nursing diagnoses in a vulnerable population

PURPOSE

To assess the association between vulnerable populations and nursing care needs, using NANDA-I diagnostics, in the population of the Canary Islands, Spain.

METHODS

Nursing social epidemiology study. Cross Mapping of Medical Records to NANDA-I to Identify Nursing Diagnoses in a Population usinga medical, epidemiological follow-up study of a cohort of 7,190 people. The level of vulnerability of the participants was assigned, among those who were also assigned nursing diagnoses, using the "ICE index" to calculate the expected associations.

FINDINGS

The most prevalent nursing diagnosis in our sample was Sedentary lifestyle (60.5%), followed by Ineffective health self-management (33.8%) and Risk-prone health behaviour (28.7%). Significant differences were found by sex, age group and social class, with the nursing diagnoses included in the study being more prevalent among the most socio-economically disadvantaged social class.

CONCLUSIONS

The cross-mapping method is useful to generate diagnostic information in terms of care needs, using the NANDA-I classification. The expected associations between high social vulnerability and care needs have been verified in a comprehensive and representative sample of the Canarian population (Spain).

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE

From an epidemiological perspective, identifying nursing diagnoses at the population level allows us to find the most prevalent needs in the different community groups and to focus appropriate nursing interventions for their implementation and impact assessment.

A retrospective analysis of the health and social situation of homeless people in Berlin: study protocol

BACKGROUND

Homelessness is often described as both a driver and a consequence of poor health, social exclusion and economic marginalisation. The present protocol provides a detailed description of the study Examining the health situation of homeless people in Berlin: a retrospective analysis of data from the health centre for the homeless of the Jenny De la Torre Foundation from 2006 to 2020 (GIG study). The primary objective of the GIG study is to describe and analyse the social and health situation of homeless people in Berlin.

METHODS

A retrospective secondary data analysis of an anonymous full census of medical records for the years 2006 until 2020 from a health centre for homeless people will be carried out. The main outcome is the description and analysis of the social and health situation of homeless people in Berlin. Total and cross-sectional sample characteristics will be presented in a descriptive analysis using Chi-Square Test, Mann-Whitney-U-Test or independent t-Test as appropriate to test (sub) group differences. Further, outcomes will be analysed using finite mixture modelling in order to distinguish different types of social and health conditions. Latent variable regressions will be applied in order to identify sociodemographic and disease-related factors associated with decreasing health conditions.

DISCUSSION

Given the high number of homeless individuals in Germany, it is of great importance to examine their social and health situation in order to gain a better understanding of challenges and needs of homeless people and work on new approaches and solutions to effectively address these.

TRAIL REGISTRATION

The study was prospectively registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (trial registration number: DRKS00021172 ). Registered 26 June 2020.

Quotidiano de equipes de consultório na rua: tecendo redes para a promoção da saúde

Resumo Objetivo compreender as potências e limites para a promoção da saúde de pessoas em situação de rua no quotidiano da equipe de Consultório na Rua. Método estudo de casos múltiplos holístico-qualitativo, fundamentado na Sociologia Compreensiva do Quotidiano, realizado com dois informantes-chave e 20 profissionais de equipe de Consultório na Rua de duas capitais do Sul do Brasil. Utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados as potências para a promoção da saúde de pessoas em situação de rua advêm da articulação da rede intrasetorial e intersetorial pela equipe de Consultório na Rua, além do vínculo e da redução de danos. Os limites enfrentados para desenvolver ações de promoção da saúde se deparam na especificidade e características desse público na terceirização da assistência social, na gestão, na política. Conclusões e implicações para a prática a promoção da saúde ainda é um desafio para a equipe a ser superado perante as demandas de agravos, o tratamento do adoecimento e a lógica biomédica. As estratégias intrasetoriais e intersetoriais podem ser estabelecidas para alcançar ações em rede e efetivamente promover saúde, contemplando direitos fundamentais à vida de pessoas em situação de rua, mesmo em um quotidiano com condições desfavoráveis de viver e conviver.