1
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The Needs of School Professionals for Eating Disorder Prevention in Australian Schools: A Mixed-Methods Survey. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121979. [PMID: 36553421 PMCID: PMC9776611 DOI: 10.3390/children9121979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: School professionals such as teachers and counsellors are uniquely positioned to facilitate discussion around disordered eating and body image; however, little is known about the needs of school professionals with respect to eating disorder prevention. This study aimed to explore the needs and perceptions of Australian school professionals regarding eating disorder prevention. (2) Methods: School professionals were recruited to a mixed-methods online cross-sectional survey. The survey assessed demographics and perceived needs and attitudes to eating disorder prevention. (3) Results: Most participants (92%) were willing to participate in eating disorder prevention; however, only 61% reported good knowledge and 41% reported feeling confident in implementing eating disorder prevention. Those who had received training in eating disorders (24%) reported higher confidence (p = 0.02) and knowledge (p = 0.04). Only 66% of respondents reported that all teachers should be involved in eating disorder prevention while barriers including workload, knowledge, and resources were commonly highlighted. Fewer respondents working in primary school settings reported the need for prevention approaches (p = 0.046). (4) Conclusions: Despite a willingness to be involved in the prevention of eating disorders, there are inconsistencies in attitudes regarding the role of school professionals in eating disorder prevention. The findings of this study reinforce that understanding professional roles, school settings, and personal attitudes is critical in the development of more efficacious school professional training and prevention interventions.
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2
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Alazmi A, Viktor S, Erjavec M. Exploring the determinants of mental health, wellbeing, and lifestyle in 8-11 year old children with type 1 diabetes and their healthy counterparts in Kuwait. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272948. [PMID: 36508408 PMCID: PMC9744296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease with an early onset, but little is known about its psychological effects in middle childhood. The present study was the first to explore the relationship between mental health, wellbeing, and lifestyle of 8-11 years old children with Type 1 diabetes and their parents, and a healthy comparison group. A total of 200 parent-child dyads were recruited in diabetic clinics and from primary schools in Kuwait. Both groups completed a series of behavioural and physical assessments relating to health, wellbeing, and lifestyle. A significant relationship was found between higher Body Mass Index (BMI) and poorer mental health, including low academic self-esteem, depression, and anxiety, in the diabetes group. This group had significantly higher mean scores in mental health problems, and lower scores in wellbeing, compared with control group. Both groups had poor dietary habits and low levels of physical activity. Unlike previous studies, no differences were found between parents' mental health for children with Type 1 diabetes and parents of the control group. Although elevated problem scores on a variety of indices remained within normal range, the pattern of results indicates that children with diabetes would profit from early screening and preventative intervention to reduce the likelihood of psychological and behavioural difficulties later on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrah Alazmi
- School of Human and Behavioural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kindom
| | - Simon Viktor
- School of Human and Behavioural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kindom
| | - Mihela Erjavec
- School of Human and Behavioural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kindom
- * E-mail:
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3
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Breton É, Dufour R, Côté SM, Dubois L, Vitaro F, Boivin M, Tremblay RE, Booij L. Developmental trajectories of eating disorder symptoms: A longitudinal study from early adolescence to young adulthood. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:84. [PMID: 35725645 PMCID: PMC9210773 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a critical period for the development of eating disorders, but data is lacking on the heterogeneity of their evolution during that time-period. Group-based trajectories can be used to understand how eating disorders emerge and evolve over time. The aim of this study was to identify groups of individuals with distinct levels of eating disorder symptoms between 12 and 20 years and the onset of different types of symptoms. We also studied sex differences in the evolution and course of eating disorder symptoms from early adolescence to adulthood. METHODS Using archival data from the QLSCD cohort, trajectories of eating disorder symptomatology were estimated from ages 12 to 20 years using semiparametric models. These trajectories included overall eating disorder symptomatology as measured by the SCOFF (Sick, Control, One Stone, Fat, Food), sex, and symptom-specific trajectories. RESULTS Two groups of adolescents following distinct trajectories of eating disorder symptoms were identified. The first trajectory group included 30.9% of youth with sharply rising levels between 12 and 15 years, followed by high levels of symptoms between 15 and 20 years. The second trajectory group included 69.1% of youth with low and stable levels of symptoms between 12 and 20 years. Sex-specific models indicated that the proportion of girls in the high trajectory group was 1.3 times higher than the proportion of boys (42.8% girls vs. 32.3% boys). Trajectories of SCOFF items were similar for loss-of-control eating, feeling overweight, and attributing importance to food. The weight loss item had a different developmental pattern, increasing between 12 and 15 years and then decreasing between 17 and 20 years. CONCLUSIONS The largest increase in eating disorder symptoms in adolescence is between the ages of 12 and 15 . Yet, most prevention programs start after 15 years of age. Our findings suggest that, unlike common practices, eating disorder prevention programs should aim to start before puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Édith Breton
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Rachel Dufour
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Sylvana M Côté
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada.,School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Lise Dubois
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Frank Vitaro
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada.,School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Michel Boivin
- Department of Psychology, University Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Psychology and Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Linda Booij
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada. .,Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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4
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Jønsson LH, Larsen M, Olsen EM, Skovgaard AM, Munch IC. Incidence of cilioretinal arteries in 11- to 12-year-old children and association with maternal smoking during pregnancy: the Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000 Eye Study. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:e1162-e1167. [PMID: 33576174 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate the incidence of cilioretinal arteries in a Danish child cohort and associations with birth parameters. METHODS The population-based Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000 Eye Study examined 1406 children aged 11-12 years. Colour fundus images of both eyes were graded for cilioretinal arteries in the three categories large temporal (defined as supplying the central macula), small temporal and nasal. Data on maternal smoking during pregnancy, gestational ageand birth weight were obtained from the Danish Medical Birth Registry. RESULTS A total of 463/1338 (35%) children were found to have one or more cilioretinal arteries per child. Large temporal cilioretinal arteries were present in 280/1338 (21%) of children and were associated with tobacco smoking during pregnancy, being present in 70/246 (28%) of children with mothers who were smoking during pregnancy, but only in 191/990 (19%) of children whose mothers did not smoke during pregnancy (p = 0.0022). After adjustments for potential confounders, the odds ratio of having one or more large temporal cilioretinal arteries was 1.72 (CI95% 1.19-2.47; p = 0.0035) in the smoking versus none smoking category. No other associations with birth parameters were found. CONCLUSION Cilioretinal arteries were present in more than one third of 11- to 12-year-old Danish children. Large temporal cilioretinal arteries were found in one fifth of children and were associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy. This finding suggests that the intrauterine environment may have an impact on the development of retinal vessels during foetal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Halmø Jønsson
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Michael Larsen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Else Marie Olsen
- Institute of Public Health Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital Frederiksberg Denmark
| | - Anne Mette Skovgaard
- National Institute of Public Health University of Southern Denmark Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Inger Christine Munch
- Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital Frederiksberg Denmark
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5
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Pursey KM, Burrows TL, Barker D, Hart M, Paxton SJ. Disordered eating, body image concerns, and weight control behaviors in primary school aged children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of universal-selective prevention interventions. Int J Eat Disord 2021; 54:1730-1765. [PMID: 34245459 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Body image concerns and extreme weight control behaviors frequently develop in childhood indicating an important age group for the implementation of universal-selective prevention approaches. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of universal-selective prevention interventions addressing disordered eating, body image concerns, and/or extreme weight control behaviors in children aged 6-12 years. METHOD Nine databases were searched up to April 2021. Studies were included if they delivered a universal-selective prevention intervention to children aged 6-12 years and reported outcomes relating to body image, disordered eating, or weight control behaviors. The review was conducted in line with the PRISMA Guidelines. RESULTS A total of 42 articles describing 39 studies included in the review, with most (n = 24; 57%) classified as neutral quality. Thirty studies implemented an eating disorder specific universal-selective program and nine implemented lifestyle interventions plus content to address disordered eating risk factors. Meta-analysis (n = 16 studies) revealed an improvement in body image-related outcomes across all studies (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.26 [95%CI 0.01, 0.51]); with a high level of heterogeneity (Î2 = 89.9%; p < .01). Meta-analysis according to gender revealed a general improvement in body image-related outcomes for girls (SMD 0.40 [95%CI 0.07, 0.73]), but not boys (SMD 0.23 [95%CI -0.24, 0.70]). DISCUSSION By investigating child, parental and teaching interventions and including outcomes such as weight control and disordered eating behaviors, a trend toward a reduction in eating disorder risk factors was observed, particularly body image-related outomes in girls. Future directions include embedded disordered eating prevention materials within existing lifestyle interventions and inclusion of more diverse samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirrilly M Pursey
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tracy L Burrows
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel Barker
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melissa Hart
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia.,Hunter New England Mental Health, Waratah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susan J Paxton
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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6
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Moderating Effects of Parental Feeding Practices and Emotional Eating on Dietary Intake among Overweight African American Adolescents. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061920. [PMID: 34204927 PMCID: PMC8229013 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of parental feeding practices and adolescent emotional eating (EE) on dietary outcomes among overweight African American adolescents. Based on Family Systems Theory, it was hypothesized that parental feeding practices, such as parental monitoring and responsibility, would buffer the effects of EE on poor dietary quality, whereas practices such as concern about a child’s weight, restriction, and pressure-to-eat would exacerbate this relationship. Adolescents (N = 127; Mage = 12.83 ± 1.74; MBMI% = 96.61 ± 4.14) provided baseline data from the Families Improving Together (FIT) for Weight Loss trial and an ancillary study. Dietary outcomes (fruit and vegetables (F&Vs), energy intake, sweetened beverage, total fat, and saturated fat) were assessed using random 24-h dietary recalls. Validated surveys were used to assess adolescent-reported EE and parental feeding practices. Results demonstrated a significant interaction between EE and parental monitoring (adjusted analyses; B = 0.524, SE = 0.176, p = 0.004), restriction (B = −0.331, SE = 0.162, p = 0.043), and concern (B = −0.602, SE = 0.171, p = 0.001) on F&V intake; under high monitoring, low restriction, and low concern, EE was positively associated with F&V intake. There were no significant effects for the other dietary outcomes. These findings indicate that parental feeding practices and EE may be important factors to consider for dietary interventions, specifically for F&V intake, among overweight African American adolescents.
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7
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Olsen EM, Rask CU, Elberling H, Jeppesen P, Clemmensen L, Munkholm A, Li XQ, Hansen MH, Rimvall MK, Linneberg A, Munch IC, Larsen M, Jørgensen T, Skovgaard AM. Cohort Profile: The Copenhagen Child Cohort Study (CCC2000). Int J Epidemiol 2021; 49:370-371l. [PMID: 31876909 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Else Marie Olsen
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Ulrikka Rask
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hanne Elberling
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pia Jeppesen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Clemmensen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Centre for Telepsychiatry, Mental Health Services, Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anja Munkholm
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xiao Qiang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Martin K Rimvall
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inger Christine Munch
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Region of Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Michael Larsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aarlborg, Denmark
| | - Anne Mette Skovgaard
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
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8
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Limbers CA, Greenwood E, Horan MR. Convergent and discriminant validity of the Emotional Eating Scale Adapted for Children and Adolescents (EES-C) Short-Form. Eat Behav 2020; 39:101442. [PMID: 33142126 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2020.101442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional eating is associated with a number of negative outcomes in children and adolescents, including higher levels of loss of control eating (i.e., the inability to control the amount of food consumed). There is a need for psychometrically sound and feasible measures that assess emotional eating in children and adolescents. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the convergent and discriminant validity of the 10-item Emotional Eating Scale Adapted for Children and Adolescents (EES-C) Short-Form in a community sample of adolescents. We also sought to assess the reliability and structural validity of this measure. METHODS Participants were 128 adolescents ages 13 to 19 years (mean age = 15.10 years; SD = 2.09; 53.9% female). Most participants fell within the healthy BMI range (58.6%). Participants completed the EES-C Short-Form, the loss of control eating section of the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-Adolescent Version 5, the Gratitude Questionnaire-Six-Item Form, and a demographic questionnaire. RESULTS Convergent validity of the EES-C Short-Form was supported in that adolescents who endorsed loss of control eating reported significantly greater levels of emotional eating (mean = 24.37; SD = 8.94) compared to adolescents who did not endorse loss of control eating (mean = 19.42; SD = 7.33; p ≤ .01; d = 0.61). The EES-C Short-Form was significantly correlated with a subjective measure of loss of control eating (rs = -0.255; p = .004), further demonstrating convergent validity. The EES-C Short-Form exhibited discriminant validity as demonstrated by a small, non-significant correlation with the Gratitude Questionnaire-Six-Item Form (rs = 0.086; p = .347). The EES-C Short-Form demonstrated acceptable reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.84; Ordinal alpha = 0.88; Coefficient omega = 0.85) and a unidimensional factor structure (CFI = 0.98; NNFI = 0.98; RMSEA = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS These data contribute to the existing research that support the EES-C Short-Form as a reliable and valid measure for assessing emotional eating in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma Greenwood
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, USA
| | - Madeline R Horan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, USA
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9
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Tuan Nor Atiqah Syafiqah Tuan Abd Aziz, Madihah Shukri. Relationship between Body Dissatisfaction and Eating Disorder of University Students. UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH 2019; 1:36-40. [DOI: 10.46754/umtjur.v1i2.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between body dissatisfaction and eating disorder of undergraduate students in University Malaysia Terengganu (UMT). Using stratified random sampling technique, data from 299 respondents was gathered. Body dissatisfaction was measured using Body Shape Questionnaire while eating disorders were assessed using Eating Attitudes Test. Descriptive statistics showed that the majority of the respondents reported no symptom of body dissatisfaction. With regard to eating disorders, respondents reported low levels of dieting, bulimia and oral control, indicating that an eating disorder in this sample was somewhat low. T-test analyses showed that there were no significant gender differences in body dissatisfaction as well as in eating disorders. However, there was evidence to suggest that female respondents had slightly higher level of eating disorder than males. Results of Pearson correlations showed there was significant relationship between body dissatisfaction and total score of eating disorders, dieting, bulimia and oral control subtypes (r = .58, p <.001; r = .64, p<.001; r = .39, p<.001; r = .18, p<.001; respectively) in that, higher level of body dissatisfaction was significantly related to increased risk of eating disorders.
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10
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Koch SAJ, Alexy U, Diederichs T, Buyken AE, Roßbach S. The relevance of restrained eating behavior for circadian eating patterns in adolescents. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197131. [PMID: 29791516 PMCID: PMC5965828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Restrained Eating, i.e. the tendency to restrict dietary intake to control body-weight, often emerges during adolescence and may result in changes in circadian eating patterns. Objective The objective of the present investigation was to determine the cross-sectional relevance of restrained eating for characteristics of circadian eating pattern in adolescents and whether changes in restrained eating are accompanied by concurrent changes in circadian eating pattern over the course of adolescence. Methods Two questionnaires assessing restrained eating (Score 0–30) with parallel 3-day weighed dietary records from two different time points were available from 209 (♂:101, ♀:108) 11–18 year old adolescents of the DONALD study. Mixed linear regression models were used to analyze whether restrained eating was associated with eating occasion frequency, snack frequency and morning and evening energy intake [in % of daily energy intake, %E]. Linear regression models were used to examine whether changes in restrained eating were associated with changes in the mentioned variables. Results Among girls, greater restrained eating was cross-sectionally associated with higher morning energy intake (p = 0.03). Further, there was a tendency towards lower evening energy intake with higher levels of restrained eating for the whole sample (p = 0.06). No cross-sectional associations were found with eating occasion or snack frequency. Each one-point increase in restrained eating during adolescence was related to a concurrent decrease in eating occasion frequency by 0.04 (95% CI -0.08; -0.01, p = 0.02) and in evening energy intake by 0.36%E (95% CI -0.70; -0.03, p = 0.04). A tendency towards decreasing snack frequency with increasing restrained eating was observed (β = -0.03, 95% CI -0.07; 0.00, p = 0.07). No association was found between changes in restrained eating and concurrent changes in morning energy intake. Conclusion We found indications for cross-sectional and prospective associations between restrained eating and chronobiological aspects of food intake in adolescents. Our results suggest that restrained eating should be considered a relevant determinant of circadian eating patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie A. J. Koch
- DONALD Study, Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- DONALD Study, Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Tanja Diederichs
- DONALD Study, Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
- Public Health Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University Paderborn, Paderborn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Anette E. Buyken
- DONALD Study, Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
- Public Health Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University Paderborn, Paderborn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Sarah Roßbach
- DONALD Study, Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
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Larsen PS, Strandberg-Larsen K, Olsen EM, Micali N, Nybo Andersen AM. Parental characteristics in association with disordered eating in 11- to 12-year-olds: A study within the Danish National Birth Cohort. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2018; 26:315-328. [PMID: 29700895 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We examined the association between parental characteristics and disordered eating among 11- to 12-year-olds within the Danish National Birth Cohort. Frequency of fasting, purging, and binge eating was obtained by self-report from 37,592 children and combined into a measure of disordered eating (no, monthly, and weekly). Information on parental characteristics was obtained during pregnancy, from the 7-year follow-up, and by linkage to population registers. Data were analysed using multinomial logistic regression models with robust standard errors. In total, 3.1% reported weekly and 4.1% reported monthly disordered eating. Parental young age, low educational level, and overweight/obesity were associated with disordered eating. The relative risk ratios for, respectively, weekly and monthly disordered eating according to maternal eating disorder were 1.01 [0.75, 1.37] and 1.09 [0.84, 1.42]. Disordered eating is common among children and is associated with several parental characteristics. We found social inequality in disordered eating, but our data did not support an association with maternal eating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Stemann Larsen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Else Marie Olsen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Healthcare Services, Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Capital Region, Denmark
| | - Nadia Micali
- UCL - Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Department de 'enfant et de l'adolescent, HUG, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Christiansen H, Brandt S, Walter V, Wabitsch M, Rothenbacher D, Brenner H, Schimmelmann BG, Hirsch O. Prediction of BMI at age 11 in a longitudinal sample of the Ulm Birth Cohort Study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182338. [PMID: 28832593 PMCID: PMC5568210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the greatest public health challenges in the world with childhood prevalence rates between 20-26% and numerous associated health risks. The aim of the current study was to analyze the 11-year follow-up data of the Ulm Birth Cohort Study (UBCS), to identify whether abnormal eating behavior patterns, especially restrained eating, predict body mass index (BMI) at 11 years of age and to explore other factors known to be longitudinally associated with it. Of the original UBCS, n = 422 children (~ 40% of the original sample) and their parents participated in the 11-year follow-up. BMI at age 8 and 11 as well as information on restrained eating, psychological problems, depressive symptoms, lifestyle, and IQ at age 8 were assessed. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to predict children's BMI scores at age 11. PLS-SEM explained 68% of the variance of BMI at age 11, with BMI at age 8 being the most important predictor. Restrained eating, via BMI at age 8 as well as parental BMI, had further weak associations with BMI at age 11; no other predictor was statistically significant. Since established overweight at age 8 already predicts BMI scores at age 11 longitudinally, obesity interventions should be implemented in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Christiansen
- Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Brandt
- University Medical Center Ulm, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Ulm, Germany
| | - Viola Walter
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- University Medical Center Ulm, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Hermann Brenner
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benno G. Schimmelmann
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hirsch
- FOM University of Applied Sciences, Siegen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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