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Locascio A, Annona G, Caccavale F, D'Aniello S, Agnisola C, Palumbo A. Nitric Oxide Function and Nitric Oxide Synthase Evolution in Aquatic Chordates. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11182. [PMID: 37446358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule in almost all organisms and is active in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Our understanding of the peculiarities and functions of this simple gas has increased considerably by extending studies to non-mammal vertebrates and invertebrates. In this review, we report the nitric oxide synthase (Nos) genes so far characterized in chordates and provide an extensive, detailed, and comparative analysis of the function of NO in the aquatic chordates tunicates, cephalochordates, teleost fishes, and amphibians. This comprehensive set of data adds new elements to our understanding of Nos evolution, from the single gene commonly found in invertebrates to the three genes present in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Locascio
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Annona
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
- Department of Research Infrastructure for Marine Biological Resources (RIMAR), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Filomena Caccavale
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore D'Aniello
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Agnisola
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Palumbo
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
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Oyagbemi AA, Adebayo AK, Adebiyi OE, Adigun KO, Folarin OR, Esan OO, Ajibade TO, Ogunpolu BS, Falayi OO, Ogunmiluyi IO, Olutayo Omobowale T, Ola-Davies OE, Olopade JO, Saba AB, Adedapo AA, Nkadimeng SM, McGaw LJ, Yakubu MA, Nwulia E, Oguntibeju OO. Leaf extract of Anacardium occidentale ameliorates biomarkers of neuroinflammation, memory loss, and neurobehavioral deficit in N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) treated rats. Biomarkers 2023; 28:263-272. [PMID: 36632742 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2164354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anacardium occidentale commonly known as Cashew is a plant that is widely used in African traditional medicine. It is endowed with phytochemical constituents that are responsible for its medicinal properties. METHODS Twenty-five male Wistar rats were grouped as follows: Control (Group A), Group B (L-NAME 40 mg/kg), Group C (100 mg/kg Anacardium occidentale extract plus 40 mg/kg L-NAME), Group D (200 mg/kg extract plus 40 mg/kg L-NAME) and Group E (10 mg/kg of Lisinopril plus 40 mg/kg L-NAME). The animals were treated with oral administration of either the extracts or Lisnopril daily for 4 weeks. Neuro-behavioural tests such as the Morris Water Maze and Hanging Wire Grip tests were carried out to evaluate memory/spatial learning and muscular strength, respectively. Makers of oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes and immunohistochemical staining of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein and Ionised Calcium Binding Adaptor molecule 1 were assessed. RESULTS L-NAME administration caused significant increases in biomarkers of oxidative stress, decreased antioxidant status, acetylcholinesterase activity, altered neuro-behavioural changes, astrocytosis, and microgliosis. However, Anacardium occidentale reversed exaggerated oxidative stress biomarkers and improved neuro-behavioural changes. CONCLUSIONS Combining all, Anacardium occidentale enhanced brain antioxidant defence status, improved memory and muscular strength, thus, suggesting the neuroprotective properties of Anacardium occidentale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adedeji Kolawole Adebayo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olamide Elizabeth Adebiyi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kabirat Oluwaseun Adigun
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwabusayo Racheal Folarin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun Olanrewaju Esan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Temitayo Olabisi Ajibade
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Blessing Seun Ogunpolu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Olubunmi Falayi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Iyanuoluwa Omolola Ogunmiluyi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Temidayo Olutayo Omobowale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Eunice Ola-Davies
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - James Olukayode Olopade
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adebowale Benard Saba
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeolu Alex Adedapo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sanah Malomile Nkadimeng
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa Florida Campus, University of South Africa, Roodepoort, South Africa
| | - Lyndy Joy McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Science, University of Pretoria, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Momoh Audu Yakubu
- Department of Environmental & Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering & Technology, Vascular Biology Unit, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, COPHS, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Evaristus Nwulia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Howard University Hospital, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Oluwafemi Omoniyi Oguntibeju
- Phytomedicine and Phytochemistry Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
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Rapps K, Kisliouk T, Marco A, Weller A, Meiri N. Dieting reverses histone methylation and hypothalamic AgRP regulation in obese rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1121829. [PMID: 36817590 PMCID: PMC9930686 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1121829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although dieting is a key factor in improving physiological functions associated with obesity, the role by which histone methylation modulates satiety/hunger regulation of the hypothalamus through weight loss remains largely elusive. Canonically, H3K9me2 is a transcriptional repressive post-translational epigenetic modification that is involved in obesity, however, its role in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) has not been thoroughly explored. Here we explore the role that KDM4D, a specific demethylase of residue H3K9, plays in energy balance by directly modulating the expression of AgRP, a key neuropeptide that regulates hunger response. METHODS We used a rodent model of diet-induced obesity (DIO) to assess whether histone methylation malprogramming impairs energy balance control and how caloric restriction may reverse this phenotype. Using ChIP-qPCR, we assessed the repressive modification of H3K9me2 at the site of AgRP. To elucidate the functional role of KDM4D in reversing obesity via dieting, a pharmacological agent, JIB-04 was used to inhibit the action of KDM4D in vivo. RESULTS In DIO, downregulation of Kdm4d mRNA results in both enrichment of H3K9me2 on the AgRP promoter and transcriptional repression of AgRP. Because epigenetic modifications are dynamic, it is possible for some of these modifications to be reversed when external cues are altered. The reversal phenomenon was observed in calorically restricted rats, in which upregulation of Kdm4d mRNA resulted in demethylation of H3K9 on the AgRP promoter and transcriptional increase of AgRP. In order to verify that KDM4D is necessary to reverse obesity by dieting, we demonstrated that in vivo inhibition of KDM4D activity by pharmacological agent JIB-04 in naïve rats resulted in transcriptional repression of AgRP, decreasing orexigenic signaling, thus inhibiting hunger. DISCUSSION We propose that the action of KDM4D through the demethylation of H3K9 is critical in maintaining a stable epigenetic landscape of the AgRP promoter, and may offer a target to develop new treatments for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Rapps
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZiyyon, Israel
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Tatiana Kisliouk
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZiyyon, Israel
| | - Asaf Marco
- Neuro-Epigenetics Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aron Weller
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Department of Psychology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Noam Meiri
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZiyyon, Israel
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Hazut N, Rapps K, Weller A, Susswein AJ. Nitric oxide and l-arginine have mixed effects on mammalian feeding in condition of a high motivation to feed. Appetite 2020; 158:105011. [PMID: 33121999 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.105011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Feeding inhibition caused by satiation in rats is partially mediated by the unconventional neurotransmitter nitric oxide (NO). Thus, in satiated rats blocking NO production increases feeding, and treatment with the NO precursor l-arginine or with an NO donor reduces feeding beyond that caused by satiation. Do NO and l-arginine also inhibit feeding when feeding motivation is high? When feeding motivation in satiated animals was hedonically increased by offering a highly attractive food, blocking NO production reduced the quantity eaten, rather than increasing it, indicating that hedonic aspects of food are partially mediated by NO. Increasing NO via an NO donor or l-arginine did not further increase the quantity eaten, indicating a ceiling effect. The NO donor, but not l-arginine, also decreased some motivation-dependent parameters of feeding. When feeding motivation was increased by hunger, quantities of food eaten were unaffected by an NO donor, blocker or precursor, with only the blocker of NO production affecting feeding patterning. We also examined effects on feeding of dissolving l-arginine in drinking water over 3 weeks. Chronic l-arginine administration had different effects during the first and in subsequent weeks, increasing feeding at first, but not later. The data indicate that NO has complex, state dependent effects on both the quantity of food eaten, and on patterns of feeding, probably reflecting different sites and mechanisms of action in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Hazut
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel; The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Kayla Rapps
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel; The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Aron Weller
- Department of Psychology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel; The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Abraham J Susswein
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel; The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel.
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Hristov M, Landzhov B, Yakimova K. Cafeteria diet-induced obesity reduces leptin-stimulated NADPH-diaphorase reactivity in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of rats. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151616. [PMID: 33066838 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Leptin is an adipokine that plays an important role in the regulation of energy homeostasis. The failure of endogenous and exogenous leptin to mediate its effects (for example, at suppressing appetite and decreasing body weight) has been termed leptin resistance. Hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance can be well demonstrated in animals in which obesity is induced by consumption of a palatable, high-calorie diet (e.g., cafeteria diet-induced obesity). Since leptin receptor signaling is known to be impaired in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) of obese rodents, we investigated the effect of leptin on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) reactivity in the ARC of male Wistar rats with cafeteria diet-induced obesity. Our results have shown that after intraperitoneal administration of leptin, the number of NADPH-d positive neurons in the ARC was significantly lower in obese rats compared with that observed in normal weight rats. Additionally, we have found that leptin-induced NADPH-d staining in ARC neurons and the adjacent ependyma was decreased in obese rats. The results presented here suggest that the ability of leptin to activate nitric oxide synthase in neurons within the ARC as well as tanycytes and ependymal cells of the third ventricle is reduced in rats made obese by a cafeteria diet. We speculate that impairment in leptin-induced NO production presents a potential mechanism, involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and obesity-related disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milen Hristov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, 2 "Zdrave" St., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Boycho Landzhov
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, 2 "Zdrave" St., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Krassimira Yakimova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, 2 "Zdrave" St., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Moiseev KY, Vishnyakova PA, Porseva VV, Masliukov AP, Spirichev AA, Emanuilov AI, Masliukov PM. Changes of nNOS expression in the tuberal hypothalamic nuclei during ageing. Nitric Oxide 2020; 100-101:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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A nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-NAME, prevents L-arginine-induced downregulation of the rat cortical somatostatinergic system. Neuroreport 2020; 31:87-91. [PMID: 31834145 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Activation of NMDA receptors leads to nitric oxide (NO) synthesis by NO synthase (NOS) from L-arginine. Neuronal NOS colocalizes with somatostatinergic (SRIF) neurons and there is growing evidence of an interaction between NO and the cerebral SRIFergic system in several neurological diseases. Our aim was to study the effect of L-arginine on the regulation of the SRIFergic system in the frontoparietal cortex of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Intraperitoneal administration of L-arginine (150 mg/Kg), twice-daily during eight days, induced a decrease in SRIF receptor density, which was accompanied by a reduction in the capacity of SRIF to stimulate inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) accumulation and SRIF-like immunoreactivity (SRIF-LI) levels. To determine if these changes were related to L-arginine-derived NO synthesis, a NOS inhibitor, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester was coadministered with L-arginine. Its coadministration prevented the reduction in the SRIF receptor density, accumulation of IP3 and SRIF-LI content. These findings indicate that L-arginine induces a deleterious effect on the cortical somatostatinergic system and that the inhibition of NOS could be helpful in some neurological disorders where this neurotransmitter system is affected.
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