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Jaquenoud M, Elam WT, Grundl T, Gimmi T, Jakob A, Schefer S, Cloet V, De Cannière P, Van Loon LR, Leupin OX. In-situ X-ray fluorescence to investigate iodide diffusion in opalinus clay: Demonstration of a novel experimental approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 269:128674. [PMID: 33228984 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
During the last two decades, the Mont Terri rock laboratory has hosted an extensive experimental research campaign focusing on improving our understanding of radionuclide transport within Opalinus Clay. The latest diffusion experiment, the Diffusion and Retention experiment B (DR-B) has been designed based on an entirely different concept compared to all predecessor experiments. With its novel experimental methodology, which uses in-situ X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to monitor the progress of an iodide plume within the Opalinus Clay, this experiment enables large-scale and long-term data acquisition and provides an alternative method for the validation of previously acquired radionuclide transport parameters. After briefly presenting conventional experimental methodologies used for field diffusion experiments and highlighting their limitations, this paper will focus on the pioneer experimental methodology developed for the DR-B experiment and give a preview of the results it has delivered thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Jaquenoud
- National Cooperative for the Disposal of Radioactive Waste (NAGRA), Hardstrasse 73, 5430, Wettingen, Switzerland.
| | - William T Elam
- Applied Physics Lab, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Tim Grundl
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA
| | - Thomas Gimmi
- Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland; Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen, PSI, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Jakob
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen, PSI, Switzerland
| | - Senecio Schefer
- Swisstopo, Route de la Gare 63, 2882, St-Ursanne, Switzerland
| | - Veerle Cloet
- Arcadis, Ifangstrasse 11, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Luc R Van Loon
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen, PSI, Switzerland
| | - Olivier X Leupin
- National Cooperative for the Disposal of Radioactive Waste (NAGRA), Hardstrasse 73, 5430, Wettingen, Switzerland
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