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Tanaka K, Yamaji K, Masuya H, Tomita J, Ozawa M, Yamasaki S, Tokunaga K, Fukuyama K, Ohara Y, Maamoun I, Yamaguchi A, Takahashi Y, Kozai N, Grambow B. Microbially formed Mn(IV) oxide as a novel adsorbent for removal of Radium. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141837. [PMID: 38554863 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Radioactivity of Ra isotopes in natural waters is of serious concern. Control of 226Ra concentrations in tailings ponds, which store waste from U ore extraction processes, is an important issue in mill tailings management. In this study, we tested microbially formed Mn(IV) oxide as an adsorbent for removal of Ra in water treatment. Biogenic Mn(IV) oxide (BMO) was prepared using a Mn(II)-oxidizing fungus, Coprinopsis urticicola strain Mn-2. First, adsorption experiments of Sr and Ba, as surrogates for Ra, onto BMO were conducted in aqueous NaCl solution at pH 7. Distribution coefficients for Ba and Sr were estimated to be ∼106.5 and ∼104.3 mL/g, respectively. EXAFS analysis indicated that both Sr and Ba adsorbed in inner-sphere complexes on BMO, suggesting that Ra would adsorb in a similar way. From these findings, we expected that BMO would work effectively in removal of Ra from water. Then, BMO was applied to remove Ra from mine water collected from a U mill tailings pond. Just 7.6 mg of BMO removed >98% of the 226Ra from 3 L of mine water, corresponding to a distribution coefficient of 107.4 mL/g for Ra at pH ∼7. The obtained value was convincingly high for practical application of BMO in water treatment. At the same time, the high distribution coefficient indicates that Mn(IV) oxide can be an important carrier and host phase of Ra in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Tanaka
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan; Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kagamino, Tomata, Okayama, 708-0698, Japan.
| | - Keiko Yamaji
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hayato Masuya
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Jumpei Tomita
- Department of Radiation Protection, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ozawa
- Department of Radiation Protection, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamasaki
- Center for Research in Isotopes and Environmental Dynamics, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kohei Tokunaga
- Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kagamino, Tomata, Okayama, 708-0698, Japan
| | - Kenjin Fukuyama
- Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kagamino, Tomata, Okayama, 708-0698, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ohara
- Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kagamino, Tomata, Okayama, 708-0698, Japan
| | - Ibrahim Maamoun
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Akiko Yamaguchi
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan; Center for Computational Science and e-Systems, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 178-4 Wakashiba, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0871, Japan; Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshio Takahashi
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Naofumi Kozai
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan; Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kagamino, Tomata, Okayama, 708-0698, Japan
| | - Bernd Grambow
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan; Subatech, UMR 6457 IMT-Atlantique, Université de Nantes CNRS/IN2P3, Nantes, France
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Boudias M, Gourgiotis A, Montavon G, Cazala C, Pichon V, Delaunay N. 226Ra and 137Cs determination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: state of the art and perspectives including sample pretreatment and separation steps. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2022; 244-245:106812. [PMID: 35042022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.106812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Achieving precise and accurate quantification of radium (226Ra) and cesium (137Cs) by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is of particular interest in the field of radiological monitoring and more widely in environmental and biological sciences. However, the accuracy and sensitivity of the quantification depend on the analytical strategy implemented. Eliminating interferences during the sample handling step and/or during the analysis step is critical since presence of matrix elements can lead to spectral and non-spectral interferences in ICP-MS. Consequently, before the ICP-MS analysis, multiple sample preparation approaches have been applied to purify and/or pre-concentrate environmental and biological samples containing radium and cesium through years, such as (co)-precipitation, solid phase extraction (SPE) or dispersive SPE (dSPE). Separation steps using liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis can also be useful in complement with the abovementioned sample preparation techniques. The most attractive sample handling technique remains SPE but efficiency of the extraction procedures is currently limited by sorbent specificity. Indeed, with the recent advances in ICP-MS instrumentation, it becomes indispensable to eliminate residual interferences and improve sensitivity. It is in this direction that it will be possible to meet analytical challenges, e.g. analyzing radium and cesium at concentrations below the pg L-1 range in complex matrices of small volumes, as they are found for instance in pore waters or in biological samples. Development of new innovative sorbents based for example on hybrid and nanostructured materials has been reported with the aim of enhancing sorbent specificity and/or capacity. In the present review, the performances of the different analytical approaches are discussed, followed by an overview of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Boudias
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation - UMR Chimie Biologie Innovation, CNRS - ESPCI Paris PSL, 75005, Paris, France; Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LELI, Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92260, France
| | - Alkiviadis Gourgiotis
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LELI, Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92260, France.
| | - Gilles Montavon
- Laboratoire SUBATECH, UMR 6457, IN2P3/CNRS/IMT Atlantique/Université de Nantes, 4 rue Alfred Kastler, BP 20722, 44307, Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Charlotte Cazala
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SEDRE/LELI, Fontenay-aux-Roses, 92260, France
| | - Valérie Pichon
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation - UMR Chimie Biologie Innovation, CNRS - ESPCI Paris PSL, 75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Delaunay
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation - UMR Chimie Biologie Innovation, CNRS - ESPCI Paris PSL, 75005, Paris, France
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Thakur P, Ward AL, González-Delgado AM. Optimal methods for preparation, separation, and determination of radium isotopes in environmental and biological samples. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2021; 228:106522. [PMID: 33360557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, radium has attracted considerable attention primarily because of the rapid increase in unconventional (fracking) drilling technology in the United States and around the world. One of the major radionuclides of interest in unconventional drilling wastes is radium isotopes (224Ra, 226Ra, 228Ra). To access long-term risks associated with radium isotopes entering into the environment, accurate measurements of radium isotopes in environmental and biological samples are crucial. This article reviews many aspects of radium chemistry, which includes recent developments in radiochemical separations methods, advancements in analytical techniques followed by a more detailed discussion on the recent trends in radium determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punam Thakur
- Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring & Research Center, 1400 University Drive, Carlsbad, NM, 88220, USA.
| | - Anderson L Ward
- U.S. Department of Energy, Carlsbad Field Office, 4021 National Parks Highway, Carlsbad, NM, 88221, USA
| | - Amir M González-Delgado
- Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring & Research Center, 1400 University Drive, Carlsbad, NM, 88220, USA
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Xiao G, Liu Y, Jones RL. Determination of 226Ra in Urine Using Triple Quadrupole Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2020; 191:ncaa180. [PMID: 33184663 PMCID: PMC8116344 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncaa180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Measuring 226Ra in urine at low levels is critical for both biomonitoring and radiological emergency response. Here we report a new analytical method to quantify 226Ra, as developed and validated by a simple dilute-and-shoot procedure, followed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-triple quadrupole-mass spectrometry detection using 'No Gas MS-MS' mode. The method provides rapid and accurate results for 226Ra with a limit of detection (LOD) down to 0.007 ng/l (0.26 Bq/l). This LOD is well below the recommended action levels for 226Ra detection in children and pregnant women (C/P) set by the Clinical Decision Guide (NCRP Report #161). Results for 226Ra obtained by this method are within ±7.0% of the target values of standard reference materials spiked in the urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Xiao
- Inorganic and Radiation Analytical Toxicology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, Mail Stop S110-5, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Yongzhong Liu
- Battelle Memorial Institute, Integrated Science Solutions, Public Health, Health Business Unit, 2987 Clairmont Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Robert L Jones
- Inorganic and Radiation Analytical Toxicology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, Mail Stop S110-5, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
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Pérez-Moreno SM, Gázquez MJ, Casas-Ruiz M, San Miguel EG, Bolívar JP. An improved method for radium-isotopes quartet determination by alpha-particle spectrometry by using 225Ra ( 229Th) as isotopic tracer. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2019; 196:113-124. [PMID: 30447554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new method for the determination of radium quartet (223,224,226,228Ra) in environmental samples by alpha-particle spectrometry with PIPS detectors is described. This uses 225Ra as yield tracer, in equilibrium at the beginning with 229Th. Thorium is removed from the sample by using AG1X8 anion-resin, and then radium isotopes are isolated and purified with a cation-exchange column Biorad AG50X8, verifying that Ac has been fully removed from the sample to ensure the good evaluation of the Ra yield (average decontamination factor > 92%). Finally, the counting source of radium is obtained by micro-precipitation with BaSO4. This method produces high spectral resolution (<35 keV), and quantitative Ra recoveries (>70%). In this new method, NH4Ac in 0.1 M HNO3 is used to remove the 225Ac contained in the sample in order to avoid its future spectral interference in the yield calculation. The method has been validated by using certified reference samples with known concentrations of radium isotopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Pérez-Moreno
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - M J Gázquez
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | - M Casas-Ruiz
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | - E G San Miguel
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - J P Bolívar
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
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