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Radioactive synthesis of tau PET imaging agent 18F-AV-1451 and its role in monitoring the progression of Alzheimer's disease and supporting differential diagnosis. Ann Nucl Med 2021; 35:139-147. [PMID: 33460010 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-020-01566-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is on the rise all over the world, and brings with it great challenges to medical care and heavy burdens to family and society. Accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis are of great importance. Tau positron emission tomography (PET) might offer novel insights and be of great assistance in monitoring disease progression and supporting the differential diagnosis. 18F-AV-1451, as the first Tau PET imaging agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), has been of great potential in clinical trials. Here, we reviewed the synthesis and characteristics of 18F-AV-1451 and its role in monitoring AD progression and supporting the differential diagnosis.
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Huang YY, Chiu MJ, Yen RF, Tsai CL, Hsieh HY, Chiu CH, Wu CH, Hsin LW, Tzen KY, Cheng CY, Ma KH, Shiue CY. An one-pot two-step automated synthesis of [18F]T807 injection, its biodistribution in mice and monkeys, and a preliminary study in humans. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217384. [PMID: 31260447 PMCID: PMC6602418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
[18F]T807 is a potent tau protein imaging agent. In order to fulfill the demand from preclinical and clinical studies, we developed an automated one-pot two-step synthesis of this potent tau imaging agent and studied its stability, and dosimetry in mice and monkeys. We also conducted a preliminary study of this imaging agent in humans. Using this one-pot two-step method, the radiochemical yield (RCY) of [18F]T807 was 20.5 ± 6.1% (n = 15) at the end of bombardment (EOB) in a synthesis time of 70±5 min. The chemical and radiochemical purities were >90% and the specific activities were 151 ± 52 GBq/μmol. The quality of [18F]T807 synthesized by this method met the U.S. Pharmacopoeia (USP) criteria. The stability test showed that the [18F]T807 injection was stable at room temperature for up to 4 h after the end of synthesis (EOS). The estimated effective dose of the [18F]T807 injection extrapolated from monkeys was 19 μSv/MBq (n = 2), while the estimated effective doses of the [18F]T807 injection extrapolated from fasted and non-fasted mice were 123 ± 27 (n = 3) and 94 ± 19 (n = 4) μSv/MBq, respectively. This one-pot two-step automated method produced the [18F]T807 injection with high reproducibility and high quality. PET imaging and radiation dosimetry evaluation in mice and Formosan rock monkeys suggested that the [18F]T807 injection synthesized by this method is suitable for use in human PET imaging studies. Thus, this method could fulfill the demand for the [18F]T807 injection in both preclinical and clinical studies of tauopathies, especially for nearby study sites without cyclotrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yao Huang
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jang Chiu
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Departments of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Bio-informatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruoh-Fang Yen
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Tsai
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yu Hsieh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hung Chiu
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Han Wu
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Wei Hsin
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yuan Tzen
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Cheng
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Neihu, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsing Ma
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chyng-Yann Shiue
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Neihu, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To present the new PET markers that could become in the coming years, relevant to advanced clinical approaches to dementia diagnosis, drug trials, and treatment strategies and discuss their advantages and limitations. RECENT FINDINGS The most advanced new PET tracers are the markers of the amyloid plaques, the τ compounds and the tracers of the translocator protein as markers of neuroinflammation. The main advantages but also the weaknesses of each of these markers are discussed. The main pitfall remains the heterogeneity of the available results that cast doubt to a rapid introduction of these new ligands in clinical practice. SUMMARY With the advent of biomarkers in clinical management and findings of molecular neuroimaging studies in the evaluation of patients with suspected dementia, the impact of functional neuroimaging has increased considerably these last years and has been integrated into many clinical guidelines in the field of dementia. In addition to conventional single PET brain perfusion and dopaminergic neurotransmission, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET is used in advanced diagnosis procedures. Furthermore, new tracers are being developed to quantify key neuropathological features in the brain tissue as highly specific diagnosis is crucial to comply with the global medical and public health objectives in this domain. A strategic road map for further developments, adapted from the approach to cancer biomarkers, should be proposed so as to optimize the rationale of the PET-based molecular diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders.
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