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Ali N, Khan F, Song W, Khan I, Kareem A, Rahman S, Khan A, Ali F, Al Balushi RA, Al-Hinaai MM, Nawaz A. Robust polymer hybrid and assembly materials from structure tailoring to efficient catalytic remediation of emerging pollutants. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 360:142408. [PMID: 38789056 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
A massive amount of toxic substances and harmful chemicals are released every day into the outer environment, imposing serious environmental impacts on both land and aquatic animals. To date, research is constantly in progress to determine the best catalytic material for the effective remediation of these harmful pollutants. Hybrid nanomaterials prepared by combining functional polymers with inorganic nanostructures got attention as a promising area of research owing to their remarkable multifunctional properties deriving from their entire nanocomposite structure. The versatility of the existing nanomaterials' design in polymer-inorganic hybrids, with respect to their structure, composition, and architecture, opens new prospects for catalytic applications in environmental remediation. This review article provides comprehensive detail on catalytic polymer nanocomposites and highlights how they might act as a catalyst in the remediation of toxic pollutants. Additionally, it provides a detailed clarification of the processing of design and synthetic ways for manufacturing polymer nanocomposites and explores further into the concepts of precise design methodologies. Polymer nanocomposites are used for treating pollutants (electrocatalytic, biocatalytic, catalytic, and redox degradation). The three catalytic techniques that are frequently used are thoroughly illustrated. Furthermore, significant improvements in the method through which the aforementioned catalytic process and pollutants are extensively discussed. The final section summarizes challenges in research and the potential of catalytic polymer nanocomposites for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisar Ali
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Mineral Salt Deep Utilization, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China; Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, College of Applied and Health Sciences, A'Sharqiyah University, P.O. Box 42, Ibra P.O. 400, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Fawad Khan
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Mineral Salt Deep Utilization, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Wang Song
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Mineral Salt Deep Utilization, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Ibrahim Khan
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Mineral Salt Deep Utilization, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Abdul Kareem
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Mineral Salt Deep Utilization, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Suhaib Rahman
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Mineral Salt Deep Utilization, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Adnan Khan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan
| | - Rayya Ahmed Al Balushi
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, College of Applied and Health Sciences, A'Sharqiyah University, P.O. Box 42, Ibra P.O. 400, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Mohammad M Al-Hinaai
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, College of Applied and Health Sciences, A'Sharqiyah University, P.O. Box 42, Ibra P.O. 400, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Arif Nawaz
- Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, School of Physics, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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Kumar R, Raizada P, Ahamad T, Alshehri SM, Le QV, Alomar TS, Nguyen VH, Selvasembian R, Thakur S, Nguyen DC, Singh P. Polypyrrole-based nanomaterials: A novel strategy for reducing toxic chemicals and others related to environmental sustainability applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134993. [PMID: 35598782 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous contaminants such as pharmaceuticals, dyes, personal care products, etc., are the common water contaminants that show adverse health effects. Photocatalysis is one of the well-known techniques to treat these water contaminants. Currently, most inorganic photocatalysts show a poor balance between adsorption and photocatalytic activity. In addition, heavy metal pollution and low biosafety are significant concerns in photocatalysis. Thus, environmentally friendly photocatalysts are required to avoid the secondary pollution caused by some inorganic semiconductor-photocatalysts. Organic polymer-based photocatalysts are low-cost, stable, non-toxic, and can utilize visible and NIR light for photocatalysis. In this review, we have discussed polypyrrole as a photocatalyst. Polypyrrole is a conducting organic polymer photocatalyst that is highly stable with high charge mobility and strong binding sites for photocatalytic reactions. Besides these advantages, polypyrrole has limitations, such as high charge recombination due to a small bandgap and poor dispersity. So we have explored the modifications to polypyrrole photocatalysts, such as doping and heterojunctions. Further, we have explained the applications of polypyrrole in photocatalysis as an adsorbent, sensitizer, degradation of pollutants, and energy production. Finally, the future aspects of polypyrrole photocatalysis are also explored to improve the path of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Pankaj Raizada
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Tanisr Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Quyet Van Le
- Faculty of Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Taghrid S Alomar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Van-Huy Nguyen
- Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Kanchipuram district, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sourbh Thakur
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - D C Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Danang, University of Science and Education, Danang, 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Pardeep Singh
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India.
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Alzahrani FM, Alsaiari NS, Katubi KM, Amari A, Ben Rebah F, Tahoon MA. Synthesis of Polymer-Based Magnetic Nanocomposite for Multi-Pollutants Removal from Water. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1742. [PMID: 34073555 PMCID: PMC8199017 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A magnetic polymer-based nanocomposite was fabricated by the modification of an Fe3O4/SiO2 magnetic composite with polypyrrole (PPy) via co-precipitation polymerization to form PPy/Fe3O4/SiO2 for the removal of Congo red dye (CR) and hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) ions from water. The nanocomposite was characterized using various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), vibration sample magnetometer, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results confirm the successful fabrication of the nanocomposite in the size of nanometers. The effect of different conditions such as the contact time, adsorbent dosage, solution pH, and initial concentration on the adsorption process was investigated. The adsorption isotherm suggested monolayer adsorption of both contaminants over the PPy/Fe3O4/SiO2 nanocomposite following a Langmuir isotherm, with maximum adsorption of 361 and 298 mg.g-1 for CR dye and Cr(VI), respectively. Furthermore, the effect of water type on the adsorption process was examined, indicating the applicability of the PPy/Fe3O4/SiO2 nanocomposite for real sample treatment. Interestingly, the reusability of the nanocomposite for the removal of the studied contaminants was investigated with good results even after six successive cycles. All results make this nanocomposite a promising material for water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah Mohammed Alzahrani
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Norah Salem Alsaiari
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Abdelfattah Amari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61411, Saudi Arabia
- Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Energy and Environment, National School of Engineers, Gabes University, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Faouzi Ben Rebah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax (ISBS), Sfax University, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed A. Tahoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Wang EZ, Wang Y, Xiao D. Polymer Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Degradation and Photoinduced Utilizations of Azo-Dyes. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1215. [PMID: 33918713 PMCID: PMC8069933 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Specially designed polymer nanocomposites can photo-catalytically degrade azo dyes in wastewater and textile effluents, among which TiO2-based nanocomposites are outstanding and extensively explored. Other nanocomposites based on natural polymers (i.e., chitosan and kaolin) and the oxides of Al, Au, B, Bi, Fe, Li, and Zr are commonly used. These nanocomposites have better photocatalytic efficiency than pure TiO2 through two considerations: (i) reducing the hole/electron recombination rate by stabilizing the excited electron in the conducting band, which can be achieved in TiO2-nanocomposites with graphene, graphene oxide, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), metal nanoparticles, or doping; (ii) decreasing the band energy of semiconductors by forming nanocomposites between TiO2 and other oxides or conducting polymers. Increasing the absorbance efficiency by forming special nanocomposites also increases photocatalytic performance. The photo-induced isomerization is exploited in biological systems, such as artificial muscles, and in technical fields such as memory storage and liquid crystal display. Heteroaryl azo dyes show remarkable shifts in photo-induced isomerization, which can be applied in biological and technical fields in place of azo dyes. The self-assembly methods can be employed to synthesize azo-dye polymer nanocomposites via three types of interactions: electrostatic interactions, London forces or dipole/dipole interactions between azo dyes, and photo alignments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Z. Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine Ithaca, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Yigui Wang
- Center for Integrative Materials Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT 06515, USA;
| | - Dequan Xiao
- Center for Integrative Materials Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT 06515, USA;
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Pirsa S, Asadzadeh F. Synthesis of Fe3O4/SiO2/Polypyrrole magnetic nanocomposite polymer powder: Investigation of structural properties and ability to purify of edible sea salts. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Amer WA, Al-saida B, Ayad M. Rational design of a polypyrrole-based competent bifunctional magnetic nanocatalyst. RSC Adv 2019; 9:18245-18255. [PMID: 35515252 PMCID: PMC9064774 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02544h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of conducting polymers with semiconductors for the fabrication of organic/inorganic hybrid nanocatalysts is one of the most promising research areas for many applications. In this work, the synthesized nanocomposite combines several advantages such as the photoresponse shift from the UV region toward visible light by narrowing the band gap of the semiconductor, magnetic separation ability and dual applications including the catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol (PNP) and the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye. In addition to the core magnetite nanoparticles (NPs), the synthesized nanocomposite contains polypyrrole (PPY) and TiO2 shells that are decorated with silver metal NPs to prevent electron–hole recombination and to enhance the catalytic performance. Indeed, the catalytic PNP reduction experiments reveal that the synthesized nanocomposite exhibits significantly high catalytic activity with a rate constant of 0.1169 min−1. Moreover, the photocatalytic experiments show that the synthesized nanophotocatalyst has a boosting effect toward MB dye degradation under normal daytime visible light irradiation with a rate constant of 6.38 × 10−2 min−1. The synergetic effect between silver NPs, PPY and TiO2 is thought to play a fundamental role in enhancing the photocatalytic activity. An efficient method to synthesize a magnetic nanocomposite with dual catalytic activities with a synergetic effect between Ag nanoparticles, polypyrrole and TiO2 is described.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael A. Amer
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- Tanta University
- Tanta 31527
- Egypt
| | - Basel Al-saida
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- Tanta University
- Tanta 31527
- Egypt
| | - Mohamad M. Ayad
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- Tanta University
- Tanta 31527
- Egypt
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Zia J, Kashyap J, Riaz U. Facile synthesis of polypyrrole encapsulated V2O5 nanohybrids for visible light driven green sonophotocatalytic degradation of antibiotics. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.10.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gao B, Chen W, Dong S, Liu J, Liu T, Wang L, Sillanpää M. Polypyrrole/ZnIn2S4 composite photocatalyst for enhanced mineralization of chloramphenicol under visible light. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Novel nonenzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensor based on Fe3O4/PPy/Ag nanocomposites. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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