Kim S, Remya KP, Kim MJ. Nanosized vaterite production through organic-solvent-free indirect carbonation.
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023;
98:106495. [PMID:
37354764 PMCID:
PMC10320241 DOI:
10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106495]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized vaterite, which exhibits characteristics such as high specific surface area, porosity, and biocompatibility, has attracted research attention for use as a drug delivery material. However, fatal drawbacks such as high costs, difficulty in mass production, and toxicity exist in conventional nanosized vaterite production owing to the use of a large amount of organic solvents to forcibly suppress the vaterite recrystallization and particle growth. Therefore, nanosized 100 % vaterite was produced in this study via indirect carbonation without using any organic solvent, which has rarely been achieved previously. Seawater, sucrose, ultrasonication, and aging-which facilitate vaterite production and particle size reduction-exhibited a synergistic effect in producing vaterite. To realize nanosized vaterite production via indirect carbonation, seawater was used as a solvent, sucrose was added when Ca was eluted, and CO2 bubbling was performed under ultrasonication. Furthermore, the CaCO3-containing suspension obtained after the carbonation was aged. Ultrasonic waves were required to generate nanosized vaterite and reducing size at the carbonation stage. This nanosized-vaterite-production strategy involving organic-solvent-free indirect carbonation is meaningful, in that it highlights the potential of synthesizing vaterite in an economically sound, environmentally friendly manner for use as a pharmaceutical raw material.
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