1
|
De Felice B, Gazzotti S, Ortenzi MA, Parolini M. Multi-level toxicity assessment of polylactic acid (PLA) microplastics on the cladoceran Daphnia magna. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 272:106966. [PMID: 38815345 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of plastics waste in the environment has raised a worrisome concern, moving the society to seek out for sustainable solutions, such as the transition from the use of fossil-based, conventional plastics to bioplastics (BPs). However, once in the environment bioplastics have the same probability to accumulate and experience weathering processes than conventional plastics, leading to the formation of microplastics (MPs). However, to date the information on the potential toxicity of MPs originated from the weathering of bioplastics is limited. Thus, this study aimed at investigating the adverse effects induced by the exposure to MPs made of a bioplastic polymer, the polylactic acid (PLA), towards the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia magna. Organisms were exposed for 21 days to three concentrations (0.125 µg/mL, 1.25 µg/mL and 12.5 µg/mL) of PLA microplastics (hereafter PLA-MPs). A multi-level approach was performed to investigate the potential effects through the biological hierarchy, starting from the sub-individual up to the individual level. At the sub-individual level, changes in the oxidative status (i.e., the amount of reactive oxygen species and the activity of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes) and oxidative damage (i.e., lipid peroxidation) were explored. Moreover, the total caloric content as well as the content of protein, carbohydrate and lipid content assess were used to investigate the effects on energy reserves. At individual level the changes in swimming activity (i.e., distance moved and swimming speed) were assessed. Our results showed that the exposure to PLA-MPs induced a slight modulation in the oxidative status and energy reserves, leading to an increase in swimming behavior of treated individuals compared to control conspecifics. These results suggest that the exposure to MPs made of a bioplastic polymer can induce adverse effects similar to those caused by conventional polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice De Felice
- University of Milan, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefano Gazzotti
- University of Milan, Laboratory of Materials and Polymers (LaMPo), Department of Chemistry, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Aldo Ortenzi
- University of Milan, Laboratory of Materials and Polymers (LaMPo), Department of Chemistry, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Parolini
- University of Milan, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lu N, Zhang Y, Mu Q, Li Y, Li Y, Yan Z, Wang Y. Hexabromocyclododecane-induced reproductive toxicity in Brachionus plicatilis: Impacts and assessment. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 268:106853. [PMID: 38330652 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), third-generation brominated flame retardants (BRFs), has aroused worldwide concern because of its wide application and potentially negative impacts on marine ecosystems, but an information gap still exists regarding marine low-trophic organisms. Brachionus plicatilis, the model marine zooplankton, was used in the present study, and its reproductive responses were used as the endpoint to indicate HBCD-induced toxicity. HBCD was suggested to be extremely highly toxic compounds regarding the 96 h-LC50 of 0.58 mg L-1. The sublethal exposure of HBCD injured the reproduction of B. plicatilis: The total number of offspring per female and the key population index calculated from the life table, including the intrinsic rate of population increase (rm) and net reproductive rate (R0), were significantly influenced in a concentration-dependent manner. The reproductive process was also altered, as indicated by the first spawning time, first hatching time and oocyst development time. At the same time, individual survival and growth (body length) were also negatively affected by HBCD. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were suggested to be responsible for reproductive toxicity mainly because the total ROS contents as well as the main components of •OH and H2O2 greatly increased and resulted in the oxidative imbalance that presented as malondialdehyde (MDA) elevation. Simultaneous activation of the glutathione antioxidant system was accompanied by the apoptosis marker enzymes Caspase-3 and 9, as well as the correlation between ROS content, physiological alteration and cell apoptosis, providing further evidence for this. The integrated biomarker response (IBR) and adverse outcome pathway (AOP) showed that HBCD had a significant toxic effect on B. plicatilis near the concentration range of 96 h-LC50. The establishment of this concentration range will provide a reliable reference for future environmental concentration warning of HBCD in marine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Lu
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, No.1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaya Zhang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, No.1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinglin Mu
- Zhejiang Marine Ecology and Environment Monitoring Center, No.20 Tiyu Road, Zhoushan, China
| | - Yijun Li
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, No.1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, No.1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhongyong Yan
- Zhejiang Marine Ecology and Environment Monitoring Center, No.20 Tiyu Road, Zhoushan, China
| | - You Wang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, No.1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
An G, Na J, Song J, Jung J. Chronic toxicity of biodegradable microplastic (Polylactic acid) to Daphnia magna: A comparison with polyethylene terephthalate. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 266:106790. [PMID: 38070395 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
The increase in the usage of biodegradable microplastics (MPs) as an alternative to conventional plastics has necessitated comprehensive ecotoxicity assessments of biodegradable MPs alongside conventional MPs. This study aimed to assess ecotoxicity of biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) MPs at concentration of 1 and 5 mgL-1 including a genetic analysis of Daphnia magna, and compared to effects of conventional polyethylene terephthalate (PET) MPs. The survival rate for D. magna exposed to 5 mg L-1 of PLA-MPs declined to 52.4 %, signifying a higher rate of mortality when contrasted with PET-MPs, which exhibited 85.7 % survival rate. Chronic exposure to 1 and 5 mgL-1 PLA-MPs resulted in a decrease of offspring, while increasing the sex ratio and deformed embryo. Interestingly, down-regulation of the SOD and AK genes was observed in D. magna after exposure to 5 mgL-1 of PLA-MPs, while 1 mgL-1 of PLA-MPs up-regulated. These results means that 5 mgL-1 PLA-MP could not produce energy and cope with oxidative stress, resulting in high mortality, and 1 mgL-1 of MP was maintained survival due to energy production and antioxidant action. This study contributes to our understanding of biodegradable microplastics (BMPs) toxic effects on D. magna which could be similar to conventional MPs and provide the importance of ecotoxicological data for risk assessment of BMPs in aquatic organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gersan An
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joorim Na
- OJeong Resilience Institute (OJERI), Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinyoung Song
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Jung
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen X, Wang X, Huang Y, Zhu Z, Li T, Cai Z, Li M, Gong H, Yan M. Combined effects of microplastics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria on Daphnia magna growth and expression of functional genes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:166880. [PMID: 37709097 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics could act as vectors for the transport of harmful bacteria, such as pathogens and antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB), but their combined effects have not been reported yet. Here, ARB Shigella flexneri with sulfonamides resistance and micro-polystyrene (micro-PS) were used to investigate their possible combined effects on the growth and expression of functional genes in Daphnia magna. Results showed that micro-PS colonized with S. flexneri were ingested by D. magna and blocked in their intestine after 24 h exposure. Changes were observed in the life history and morphology of D. magna, as well as the expression of functional genes in all treatments, but with no difference in the survival rate. We also determined the expression of six functional genes involved in energy and metabolism (arginine kinase, AK) and oxidative stress response (thioredoxin reductase, TRxR, catalase, CAT, and glutathione S-transferases, GSTs), as well as in growth, development and reproduction (vitellogenin, Vtg1 and ecdysone receptor, EcR). AK and Vtg1 did not show significant differences, however, EcR was down-regulated and the other three genes (TRxR, CAT, GSTs) were up-regulated in the combined-treated group. Antibiotic resistance gene (ARGs) sul1 was detected when exposed to micro-PS colonized with S. flexneri., suggesting that D. magna could acquire resistance genes through microplastic biofilms. These results indicated that MPs could act as a carrier of ARB to transfer ARGs into D. magna, and affect the life history, morphology, and the expression of related functional genes of D. magna, to adapt to the stress caused by MPs and ARB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xiaocui Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yuanyin Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Ziying Zhu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Tianmu Li
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zeming Cai
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Minqian Li
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Han Gong
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Muting Yan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin H, Mao X, Wei Y, Li S, Qin J, Zhu S, Su S, He T. Metabolic pathways of methylmercury in rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167063. [PMID: 37709075 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) readily accumulates in aquatic organisms while transferring and amplifying in the aquatic food chains. This study firstly explores the in vivo accumulation sites and metabolic regulation of MeHg in the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis by aggregation-induced emission fluorogen (AIEgen) and metabolomics. Fluorescent image analysis by AIEgen showed that MeHg in B. plicatilis mainly occured in the ciliary corona, esophagus, mastax, stomach and intestine in the direct absorption group. In the other group, where B. plicatilis were indirectly supplied with MeHg via food intake, the accumulation of MeHg in the rotifer occurred in the ciliary corona, various digestive organs, and the pedal gland. However, the MeHg accumulated in the rotifer is difficult to metabolize outside the body. Metabolomics analysis showed that the significant enrichment of ABC transporters was induced by the direct exposure of rotifers to dissolved MeHg. In contrast, exposure of rotifers to MeHg via food intake appeared to influence carbon, galactose, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolisms. Besides, the disturbed biological pathways such as histidine metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis in rotifers may be associated with L-aspartic acid upregulation in the feeding group. The significant enrichment of ABC transporters and carbon metabolism in rotifers may be related to the accumulation of MeHg in the intestine of rotifers. In both pathways of MeHg exposure, the arginine biosynthesis and metabolism of rotifers were disturbed, which may support the hypothesis that rotifers produce more energy to resist MeHg toxicity. This study provides new insight into the accumulation and toxicity mechanisms of MeHg on marine invertebrates from the macro and micro perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hangyu Lin
- College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiaodong Mao
- College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yanlin Wei
- College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Songzhang Li
- College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jianguang Qin
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Song Zhu
- College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Shengqi Su
- College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Tao He
- College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu X, Cao Y, Qi H, Deng D, Zhang Y, Wu J, Peng S, Zhou Z. Effects of toxic
Microcystis aeruginosa
on the expression of Hox genes in
Daphnia similoides sinensis. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8685. [PMID: 35342603 PMCID: PMC8928896 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lake eutrophication and cyanobacterial blooms have become worldwide environmental issues. Under cyanobacterial blooms (especially Microcystis), Daphnia spp. can transfer beneficial information to their offspring in order to improve adaptability. Hox genes are important regulatory factors of transcription in metazoans, and are involved in the growth and development of organisms. However, the mechanisms of Microcystis on the expression of Hox genes in Daphnia are unclear. In this study, the effects of Microcystis aeruginosa on Hox gene expression in the mothers and offspring (F1) of two Daphnia similoides sinensis clones were investigated using a mixed diet of M. aeruginosa and Scenedesmus obliquus. Compared with the 100%S food treatment, the survival rates at the end of the experiment of clone 1‐F1 in the food treatments containing M. aeruginosa were significantly lower, but it was significantly higher for clone 2‐F1 in the 20%M + 80%S food treatment. Moreover, the survival rates at the end of the experiment of clone 1‐F1 in the food treatments containing M. aeruginosa were significantly higher than those of their mother. Based on previous transcriptome data, 14 Hox genes of D. similoides sinensis were identified, including Abd‐B, CDX‐1, Dll, HOX‐1, HOX‐2, HOXA1, HOXA2, HOXB3, HOXB3‐2, HOXB7, HOXC4, HOXC7, HOXC8, and HOXD10. The expressions of Abd‐B, HOX‐2, HOXA1, HOXC7, and HOXD10 of clone 2‐mothers in the 40%M + 60%S food treatment were 2.9–22.5 times as high as in the 100%S food treatment, whereas the expressions of CDX‐1, HOX‐1, HOXB3, and HOXD10 of clone 1‐mothers were 4.8–13.1 times at same food level. The expression of HOXA2, HOXC7, HOXC8, and HOXD10 of clone 1‐F1 in the 40%M + 60%S food treatment was 8.2–21.1 times as high as in the 100%S food treatment. However, compared with the 100%S food treatment, the expressions of CDX‐1 in the mothers and F1 of clone 2 and HOXB7 in the mothers of clone 1 in the food treatments containing M. aeruginosa were significantly lower (p < .05). Our results suggest that the offspring (F1) produced by D. similoides sinensis mother pre‐exposed to toxic M. aeruginosa had stronger adaptability to M. aeruginosa than their mothers. Moreover, Hox gene expressions of D. similoides sinensis had obvious differences between clones under stress of toxic M. aeruginosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Xu
- School of Life Science Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui University Hefei Anhui China
| | - Yaqin Cao
- School of Life Science Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui China
| | - Huiying Qi
- School of Life Science Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui China
| | - Daogui Deng
- School of Life Science Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui China
| | - Ya‐Nan Zhang
- School of Life Science Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui China
| | - Jianxun Wu
- School of Life Science Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui University Hefei Anhui China
| | - Shuixiu Peng
- School of Life Science Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui China
| | - Zhongze Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui University Hefei Anhui China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim DS, Jang K, Kim WS, Ryu M, Park JH, Kim YJ. Crystal Structure of H227A Mutant of Arginine Kinase in Daphnia magna Suggests the Importance of Its Stability. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030884. [PMID: 35164149 PMCID: PMC8839106 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Arginine kinase (AK) plays a crucial role in the survival of Daphnia magna, a water flea and a common planktonic invertebrate sensitive to water pollution, owing to the production of bioenergy. AK from D. magna (DmAK) has four highly conserved histidine residues, namely, H90, H227, H284, and H315 in the amino acid sequence. In contrast to DmAK WT (wild type), the enzyme activity of the H227A mutant decreases by 18%. To identify the structure-function relationship of this H227A mutant enzyme, the crystal 3D X-ray structure has been determined and an unfolding assay using anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) fluorescence has been undertaken. The results revealed that when compared to the DmAK WT, the hydrogen bonding between H227 and A135 was broken in the H227A crystal structure. This suggests that H227 residue, closed to the arginine binding site, plays an important role in maintaining the structural stability and maximizing the enzyme activity through hydrogen bonding with the backbone oxygen of A135.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Som Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Bioresources Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (D.S.K.); (W.S.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Kiyoung Jang
- Department of Lifestyle Medicine, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
| | - Wan Seo Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Bioresources Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (D.S.K.); (W.S.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Moonhee Ryu
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Bioresources Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (D.S.K.); (W.S.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Jung Hee Park
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Bioresources Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (D.S.K.); (W.S.K.); (M.R.)
- Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental & Bioresources Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.H.P.); (Y.J.K.)
| | - Yong Ju Kim
- Department of Lifestyle Medicine, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
- Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental & Bioresources Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.H.P.); (Y.J.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang M, Chen J, Lee YH, Lee JS, Wang D. Projected near-future ocean acidification decreases mercury toxicity in marine copepods. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117140. [PMID: 33930777 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Here, we examined the combinational effect of ocean acidification (OA) and mercury (Hg) in the planktonic copepod Pseudodiaptomus annandalei in cross-factored response to different pCO2 (400, 800 μatm) and Hg (control, 1.0 and 2.5 μg/L) exposures for three generations (F0-F2), followed by single-generation recovery (F3) under clean condition. Several phenotypic traits and Hg accumulation were analyzed for F0-F3. Furthermore, shotgun-based quantitative proteomics was performed for F0 and F2. Our results showed that OA insignificantly influenced the traits. During F0-F2, combined exposure reduced Hg accumulation as compared with the counterpart Hg treatment, supporting the mitigating effect of OA on Hg toxicity in copepods. Proteomics analysis indicated that the copepods probably increased energy production/storage and stress response to ensure physiological resilience against OA. However, Hg induced many toxic events (e.g., energy depletion and degenerated organomorphogenesis/embryogenesis for F0; cell cycle arrest and detrimental stress-defense for F2), which were translated to the population-level adverse outcome, i.e., compromised growth/reproduction. Particularly, compensatory proteome response was identified (e.g., increased immune defense for F0; energetic compensation and enhanced embryogenesis for F2), accounting for a negative interaction between OA and Hg. Together, this study provides the molecular mechanisms behind the effects of OA and Hg pollution in marine copepods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Jingyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Young Hwan Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Dazhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lu N, Sun Y, Wei J, Gu L, Zhang L, Yang Z, Huang Y. Toxic Microcystis aeruginosa alters the resource allocation in Daphnia mitsukuri responding to fish predation cues. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 278:116918. [PMID: 33743270 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many prey organisms adaptively respond to predation risk by inducible defenses with underlying tradeoffs in resource allocation. Cyanobacterial blooms expose zooplankton to poor food conditions, affecting the herbivores' fitness. Given the interferences on resources allocation and life history traits, poor-quality cyanobacteria are predicted to affect the adaptive predator-induced responses in zooplankton. Here, we exposed two clones (i.e., clones SH and ZJ) of the cladoceran Daphnia mitsukuri to different combinations of fish predation cues and diets containing toxic Microcystis aeruginosa (0%-30%). D. mitsukuri matured at a small size and had elongated relative tail spine as adaptive responses to fish cues. Despite the comparable tail spine defense, fish cue-induced changes in growth and reproduction in the clone SH were more pronounced than those in the clone ZJ under no M. aeruginosa. Animals accumulated microcystin in the whole body with increasing abundance of M. aeruginosa. However, the inducible enhanced tail spine allometry was not affected, resulting in unchanged tail spine defense by Daphnia under all M. aeruginosa treatments. By contrast, M. aeruginosa remarkably decreased the adaptive maturation size and the offspring number in all animals. However, the inducible reproductive effort tended to increase or remain unchanged depending on clones associated with the constant or decreased responses of the somatic growth effort under increasing M. aeruginosa. Our results suggested that toxic M. aeruginosa did not alter the resource allocation to antipredator morphological defense but affected the somatic growth and reproduction in D. mitsukuri under fish cues. The present study highlights the different effects of toxic cyanobacteria on adaptive predator-induced responses in zooplankton, promoting the understanding for the morphological defense-mediated predator-prey interactions in eutrophic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Junjun Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Akbar S, Huang J, Zhou Q, Gu L, Sun Y, Zhang L, Lyu K, Yang Z. Elevated temperature and toxic Microcystis reduce Daphnia fitness and modulate gut microbiota. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116409. [PMID: 33418289 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been increasingly recognized to regulate host fitness, which in turn is dependent on stability of community structure and composition. Many biotic and abiotic factors have been demonstrated to shape gut microbiota of cladocerans. However, the interactive effects of these variables on cladocerans fitness due to alteration of gut microbiota and their linkage with life history parameters are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the responses of Daphnia magna gut microbiota to the combined effects of toxic Microcystis aeruginosa and high temperature and its associations with fitness. We found that under good food regime, the temperature has no effect on the composition of the gut microbiota, whereas under high proportion of toxic M. aeruginosa and high temperature conditions, D. magna lost their symbionts. High proportion of toxic M. aeruginosa and high temperature had synergistically negative effects on D. magna performance due to altered gut microbiota. The high abundance of symbiotic Comamonadaceae and good food increased D. magna fitness. The present study illustrates that understanding life history strategies in response to multiple stressors related to changes in the gut microbiota diversity and composition requires integrated approaches that incorporate multiple linked traits and tether them to one another.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddiq Akbar
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qiming Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang Y, Wu D, Li Y, Chen Q, Zhao Y. Characterization and expression of arginine kinase 2 from Macrobrachium nipponense in response to salinity stress. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 113:103804. [PMID: 32738337 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a fundamental environmental factor in aquaculture, and arginine kinase (AK) plays imperative roles in innate immune feedback and stress resistance in invertebrates. In the current study, we cloned a full-length cDNA of arginine kinase 2 (MnAK2, GenBank number, MN149533) in Macrobrachium nipponense and analyzed its function through a salinity challenge using bioinformatic approaches. MnAK2 was expressed at the highest levels in hepatopancreas and muscle. Changes in the expression levels of MnAK2, enzymes involved in innate immunity, antioxidant enzymes, and antioxidant enzyme-related genes, and the glutathione and malondialdehyde contents were investigated after 6-week salinity treatment. The expression of MnAK2 gradually increased as salinity increased, and western blotting showed that MnAK2 was significantly upregulated in the 14 and 22 ppt salinity-treatment groups relative to the control group. The findings indicate that high salinity produces oxidative stress and that salinity below isotonic salinity might improve the antioxidant response in M. nipponense. MnAK2 may play a crucial role in the response to salinity stress in M. nipponense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youhui Huang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Donglei Wu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang J, Li Y, Zhou Q, Sun Y, Zhang L, Gu L, Lyu K, Huang Y, Chen Y, Yang Z. Non-toxic and toxic Microcystis aeruginosa reduce the tolerance of Daphnia pulex to low calcium in different degrees: Based on the changes in the key life-history traits. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 248:126101. [PMID: 32045977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Calcium decline and cyanobacterial blooms pose a serious threat to the crustacean zooplankton Daphnia, which has a high demand for calcium. In the present study, we exposed two different clones of Daphnia pulex to different combinations of calcium concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0 mg L-1) and food types (100% Chlorella; 80% Chlorella and 20% non-toxic Microcystis; 80% Chlorella and 20% toxic Microcystis) for 16 days, recorded the key life-history traits, and then used an exponential rise function to fit the traits. Results showed toxic Microcystis and low calcium together negatively affected the survival, development, and reproduction of Daphnia. The negative effect of non-toxic Microcystis and low calcium only affected the development and reproduction. The survival time and reproductive performance increased exponentially with increasing calcium concentration and then approached an asymptotic maximum. Both non-toxic and toxic Microcystis reduced the asymptotic maximum of the reproductive performance. The rising rate at which they reached the asymptotes differed significantly among the three food types; i.e., the reproductive performance of Daphnia was affected in a wider range of calcium concentrations under bad food quality. The findings indicated that Microcystis impaired the tolerance of Daphnia to low calcium, which may cause serious consequences in freshwater ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yurou Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qiming Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yafen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang Z, Huang X, Liao H, Zhang Z, Sun F, Kou S, Bao Z. Structure and functional analysis reveal an important regulated role of arginine kinase in Patinopecten yessoensis under low pH stress. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 222:105452. [PMID: 32092594 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arginine kinase (AK), an important member of the phosphokinase family, is involved in temporal and spatial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) buffering systems. AK plays an important role in physiological function and metabolic regulations, in particular tissues with high and fluctuating energy demands. In present study, four AK genes were firstly identified from Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) genome, respectively named PyAK1-4. PyAKs have highly conserved structures with a six-exon/five-exon structure, except for PyAK3. PyAK3 contains an unusual two-domain structure and a "bridge intron" between the two domains, which may originate from gene duplication and subsequent fusion. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all PyAKs belonged to an AK supercluster together with other AK proteins from Mollusca, Platyhelminthes, Arthropoda, and Nematode. A transcriptome database demonstrated that PyAK3 and PyAK4 were the main functional executors with high expression level during larval development and in adult tissues, while PyAK1 and PyAK2 were expressed at a low level. Furthermore, both PyAK2 and PyAK3 showed notably high expression in the male gonad, and PyAK4 was broadly expressed in almost all tissues with the highest level in striated muscle, indicating a tissue-specific expression pattern of PyAKs. In addition, quantitative real-time PCR results demonstrated that the expression of PyAK2, PyAK3 and PyAK4 were significantly upregulated in response to pH stress, especially in an extremely acidifying condition (pH 6.5), revealing the possible involvement of PyAKs in energetic homeostasis during environmental changes. Collectively, a comprehensive analysis of PyAKs was conducted in P. yessoensis. The diversity of PyAKs and their specific expression patterns promote a better understanding of energy metabolism in the growth, development and environmental response of P. yessoensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zujing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Huan Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; College of Animal Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhengrui Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Fanhua Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Sihua Kou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhou Q, Lu N, Gu L, Sun Y, Zhang L, Huang Y, Chen Y, Yang Z. Daphnia enhances relative reproductive allocation in response to toxic microcystis: Changes in the performance of parthenogenetic and sexual reproduction. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113890. [PMID: 31918145 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication and warming lead to frequent occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms, which significantly impact on zooplankton. Freshwater zooplankton Daphnia adopts two distinct ways of reproduction: asexual (parthenogenetic) reproduction for rapidly reproducing many offspring in favorable environment and sexual reproduction for producing resting eggs as seed bank to survive in harsh environments. Daphnia pulex has worse performance in growth and reproduction under the exposure to toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and tends to allocate less energy to reproduction in the case of insufficient food. However, the relative reproductive allocation strategy (energy allocation) of D. pulex individuals exposed to toxic M. aeruginosa is still unclear. Here we tested the relative reproductive performance of D. pulex fed on solely Chlorella pyrenoidosa (high quality food) or Chlorella mixed with toxic M. aeruginosa (low quality food), based on the parthenogenetic reproduction (life-history experiments) and sexual reproduction (population experiments). The results showed that under low quality food conditions, D. pulex reproduced fewer offspring which were also smaller and thus led to a reduced absolute output in parthenogenetic reproduction, but produced ephippia in the same size and quantity compared to those cultured under high quality food conditions. However, as the body size of maternal D. pulex cultured under low quality food conditions decreased, the relative reproductive allocation significantly increased in both parthenogenetic and sexual reproduction, compared to those cultured under high quality food conditions. In conclusion, D. pulex tend to allocate relatively more energy to reproduction under Microcystis conditions, which is a reasonable strategy for it to decentralize the risks from low-quality food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Na Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yafen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Akbar S, Gu L, Sun Y, Zhou Q, Zhang L, Lyu K, Huang Y, Yang Z. Changes in the life history traits of Daphnia magna are associated with the gut microbiota composition shaped by diet and antibiotics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 705:135827. [PMID: 31972953 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota has a crucial role in host physiology and fitness. Host-microbiota relationships can be disrupted by environmental stressors, which further affect host growth and survival. However, the link between host performance and the gut microbiota composition shaped by increasing antibiotic pollution under different food conditions is not clearly understood. In the present study, we used Daphnia magna as a model organism to investigate the interactive effects of diets (Chlorella with or without Microcystis) and antibiotics on its life history traits, gut microbiota alterations, and their relationship. The results showed that poor diet consumption by D. magna at low and high antibiotic concentrations reduced reproduction and survival. Under good diet conditions, the fitness was reduced only at a high antibiotic concentration. Under good diet conditions, high concentration of antibiotics reduced the abundance of Comamonadaceae and increased the abundance of Pseudomonadaceae, whereas under poor diet conditions, both low and high concentrations of antibiotics increased the abundance of Pseudomonadaceae. Performances of life history traits were positively correlated with an increased abundance of Comamonadaceae but were negatively correlated with increased Pseudomonadaceae abundance. The results of this study revealed the interactive effects of diet and antibiotics on D. magna fitness and correlations between bacterial abundance and life history traits, which has important implications for understanding the effects of pollutants on host-microbiota interactions through changes in phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddiq Akbar
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiming Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Burberg C, Petzoldt T, von Elert E. Phosphate Limitation Increases Content of Protease Inhibitors in the Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E33. [PMID: 31935921 PMCID: PMC7020438 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased anthropogenic nutrient input has led to eutrophication of lakes and ponds, resulting worldwide in more frequent and severe cyanobacterial blooms. In particular, enhanced availability of phosphorus (P) can promote cyanobacterial mass developments and may affect the content of secondary metabolites in cyanobacteria, such as protease inhibitors (PIs). PIs are common among cyanobacteria and have been shown to negatively affect herbivorous zooplankton. Here, we test the hypothesis that P-limitation reduces the growth of Microcystis, but increases the content of PIs. In batch culture experiments with eight different initial phosphate concentrations (5-75 µM) we determined growth, stoichiometry, and PI content of Microcystis aeruginosa NIVA Cya 43. This strain produces the protease inhibitor BN920 that is converted by chlorination to CP954, which constitutes the major PI in this strain. C:N:P-ratios of the biomass indicated variation of P-limitation with treatment and time. When normalized to biomass, the PI content varied up to nearly nineteen-fold with treatment and time and was highest in the low-P treatments, especially during the mid-exponential growth phase. However, these effects were alleviated under nitrogen co-limitation. The content of CP954 showed an inverse u-shaped response to growth rate and C:N-ratio of the cyanobacterial biomass, whereas it increased with cyanobacterial C:P. The results indicate that P-limitation supports a higher content of defensive PIs and may indirectly foster cyanobacterial blooms by increasing the negative interference of cyanobacteria with their consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Burberg
- Workgroup Aquatic Chemical Ecology, Institute for Zoology, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Thomas Petzoldt
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Eric von Elert
- Workgroup Aquatic Chemical Ecology, Institute for Zoology, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang Y, Qin S, Li Y, Wu G, Sun Y, Zhang L, Huang Y, Lyu K, Chen Y, Yang Z. Combined effects of ZnO nanoparticles and toxic Microcystis on life-history traits of Daphnia magna. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:482-492. [PMID: 31181495 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Rise in cyanobacterial blooms and massive discharge of nanoparticles (NPs) in aquatic ecosystems cause zooplankton to be exposed in toxic food and NPs simultaneously, which may impact on zooplankton interactively. Therefore, the present study focused on assessing the combined effects of different ZnO NPs levels (0, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 mg L-1) and different proportions of toxic Microcystis (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%) in the food on a model zooplankton, Daphnia magna. The results showed that both toxic Microcystis and ZnO NPs significantly delayed the development of D. magna to maturation, but there was no significant interaction between the two factors on the times to maturation except the body length at maturation. Both ZnO NPs and toxic Microcystis also significantly decreased the number of neonates in the first brood, total offspring, and number of broods per female, and there was a significant interaction between ZnO NPs and food composition on the reproductive performance of D. magna. Specifically, presence of toxic Microcystis reduced the gap among the effects of different ZnO NPs concentrations on the reproductive performance of D. magna. When the ZnO NPs concentration was at 0.15 mg L-1, the gap of the reproductive performance among different proportions of toxic Microcystis also tended to be narrow. Similar phenomenon also occurred in mortality. Such results suggested that low concentration of ZnO NPs and toxic Microcystis can mutually attenuate their harmful effects on D. magna, which has significantly implications in appropriately assessing the ecotoxicological effects of emerging pollutants in a complex food conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yurou Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guangjin Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yafen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tang J, Wang X, Yin J, Han Y, Yang J, Lu X, Xie T, Akbar S, Lyu K, Yang Z. Molecular characterization of thioredoxin reductase in waterflea Daphnia magna and its expression regulation by polystyrene microplastics. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 208:90-97. [PMID: 30639982 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Global scale concerns regarding rise in microplastics pollution in the environment have recently aroused. Ingestion of microplastics by biota, including freshwater zooplankton has been well studied, however, despite keystone species in freshwater food webs, the molecular response (e.g. oxidative defense) of zooplankton in response to microplastics is still in its infancy. The thioredoxin (TRx) system has a vital function in cellular antioxidative defense via eliminating the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effects of thioredoxin reductase (TRxR), due to its triggering the TRx catalysis cascade. The present study identified TRxR in Daphnia magna (Dm-TRxR) for the first time, and found that the full-length cDNA was 1862 bp long, containing an 1821-bp open reading frame. Homologous alignments showed the presence of conserved catalytic domain CVNVGC and the seleocysteine (SeCys) residue (U) located in the N- and C- terminal portions. Subsequently, the expression of Dm-TRxR, together with permease, arginine kinase (AK), was investigated by approach of quantitative real-time PCR after exposure to four (1.25-μm) polystyrene (PS) microbeads concentrations: 0 (control), 2, 4 and 8 mg L-1 for 10 days. Dm-TRxR, permease and AK mRNA were significantly upregulated after exposure to 2, 4 mg L-1 of PS, but then declined in the presence of 8 mg L-1 PS. The gene expression results suggested that oxidative defense, energy production and substance extra cellular transportation were significantly regulated by microplastic exposure. Collectively, the present study will advance our knowledge regarding the biological effects of microplastic pollution on zooplankton, and builds a foundation for freshwater environmental studies on mechanistic and biochemical responses to microplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghong Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yiran Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tianchen Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Siddiq Akbar
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Petkowski JJ, Bains W, Seager S. Natural Products Containing 'Rare' Organophosphorus Functional Groups. Molecules 2019; 24:E866. [PMID: 30823503 PMCID: PMC6429109 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorous-containing molecules are essential constituents of all living cells. While the phosphate functional group is very common in small molecule natural products, nucleic acids, and as chemical modification in protein and peptides, phosphorous can form P⁻N (phosphoramidate), P⁻S (phosphorothioate), and P⁻C (e.g., phosphonate and phosphinate) linkages. While rare, these moieties play critical roles in many processes and in all forms of life. In this review we thoroughly categorize P⁻N, P⁻S, and P⁻C natural organophosphorus compounds. Information on biological source, biological activity, and biosynthesis is included, if known. This review also summarizes the role of phosphorylation on unusual amino acids in proteins (N- and S-phosphorylation) and reviews the natural phosphorothioate (P⁻S) and phosphoramidate (P⁻N) modifications of DNA and nucleotides with an emphasis on their role in the metabolism of the cell. We challenge the commonly held notion that nonphosphate organophosphorus functional groups are an oddity of biochemistry, with no central role in the metabolism of the cell. We postulate that the extent of utilization of some phosphorus groups by life, especially those containing P⁻N bonds, is likely severely underestimated and has been largely overlooked, mainly due to the technological limitations in their detection and analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janusz J Petkowski
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Mass. Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - William Bains
- Rufus Scientific, 37 The Moor, Melbourn, Royston, Herts SG8 6ED, UK.
| | - Sara Seager
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Mass. Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Mass. Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Mass. Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Peng S, Deng D, He P, Xu X, Zhang C, Cao J, Liu Q, Zhang T. Effects of Microcystis aeruginosa on the life history traits and SOD activity of Daphnia similoides sinensis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:30696-30707. [PMID: 30178409 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With water eutrophication and global warming, cyanobacteria blooms have occurred frequently, and the interaction between M. aeruginosa and Daphnia has been widely paid attention by researchers. However, the effects of toxic M. aeruginosa on the SOD activity of Daphnia are poorly known. Six D. similoides sinensis clones collected from Lake Junshan and the offspring of two clones were employed. The effects of toxic M. aeruginosa on the life history traits and SOD activities of D. similoides sinensis in the mother and their offspring were studied. Toxic M. aeruginosa could significantly inhibit the life history traits (e.g., body lengths, offspring numbers at first reproduction, cumulative offspring numbers, and the intrinsic rate of population) and induce higher SOD activities of D. similoides sinensis. Compared with the mother, the effects of toxic M. aeruginosa on the life history traits and SOD activities of D. similoides sinensis in the offspring showed obvious differences. Moreover, the adaptability of the offspring to M. aeruginosa indicated also the differences between two clones. Our results suggested that the mother exposed to toxic M. aeruginosa could enhance the fitness of their offspring to Microcystis by maternal effect and was also affected by the D. similoides sinensis genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuixiu Peng
- School of Life Science, Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource and Plant Biology, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Daogui Deng
- School of Life Science, Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource and Plant Biology, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China.
| | - Ping He
- School of Life Science, Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource and Plant Biology, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Xiaoxue Xu
- School of Life Science, Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource and Plant Biology, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource and Plant Biology, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Jie Cao
- School of Life Science, Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource and Plant Biology, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Life Science, Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource and Plant Biology, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource and Plant Biology, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xu X, Zhang YN, Peng S, Wu J, Deng D, Zhou Z. Effects of Microcystis aeruginosa on the expression of nuclear receptor genes in Daphnia similoides sinensis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 150:344-352. [PMID: 29306189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptor (NR) genes form a conserved superfamily, which is involved in organism metabolism, reproduction, development, homeostasis, and resource allocation. Microcystis aeruginosa can inhibit the growth and reproduction of Daphnia. However, whether M. aeruginosa can affect the expression of Daphnia NR genes is unknown. In total, 18 NRs were identified in this study based on previous Daphnia similoides sinensis transcriptome data. In treatments containing M. aeruginosa, the gene expression of the NR1 subfamily (E75a, E75b, HR3, HR96, NHR-1, HR97a, HR97g, and NHR97) and the NR2 subfamily (RXR, TLL, PNR, and SVP) were down-regulated 59% and 79%, respectively. In treatments containing M. aeruginosa, although the expression of 78% of the genes showed a similar trend in clones 1 and 2, the expression of 42% of the genes in clone 3 showed the opposite trend compared to clones 1 and 2, suggesting that the adaptability and molecular mechanism differ in individuals with different Microcystis tolerance genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Xu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, Anhui, China; School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, 235000 Huaibei, Anhui, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, 235000 Huaibei, Anhui, China
| | - Shuixiu Peng
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, 235000 Huaibei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianxun Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Daogui Deng
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, 235000 Huaibei, Anhui, China.
| | - Zhongze Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lyu K, Gu L, Li B, Lu Y, Wu C, Guan H, Yang Z. Stress-responsive expression of a glutathione S-transferase (delta) gene in waterflea Daphnia magna challenged by microcystin-producing and microcystin-free Microcystis aeruginosa. HARMFUL ALGAE 2016; 56:1-8. [PMID: 28073492 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms resulting from eutrophication and global warming have emerged as a worldwide environmental concern. Some zooplankton populations, including Daphnia, have been shown to adapt locally to microcystin-producing Microcystis. Previous in vitro experiments indicate that glutathione-S-transferase (GST) may act as the first step of detoxification in Daphnia by conjugating microcystins (MCs) with glutathione. The GST family is categorized into many classes, and different classes present distinct responses to MC detoxification. To date, however, the molecular mechanism of single class GST participation in buffering the toxic effects of MCs in Daphnia remains poorly known. In this study, a full-length delta-GST cDNA of Daphnia magna (Dm-dGST) was isolated and characterized through bioinformatics. Differential gene expression studies revealed that short-term exposure to microcystin-producing (MP) Microcystis aeruginosa increased Dm-dGST transcript levels. By contrast, long-term exposure to MP or microcystin-free (MF) M. aeruginosa decreased Dm-dGST transcript levels. Together with changes in three other antioxidation biomarkers (catalase, CuZn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase), it is concluded that Dm-dGST can potentially biotransform MCs to reduce their toxicity. The present study highlights the importance of Dm-dGST in response to MC toxicity and may thus facilitate future research on the molecular mechanisms of MC tolerance in zooplankton under an increasing eutrophic world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bangping Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yichun Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Changcan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haoyong Guan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lyu K, Meng Q, Zhu X, Dai D, Zhang L, Huang Y, Yang Z. Changes in iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Profiling of the Cladoceran Daphnia magna Exposed to Microcystin-Producing and Microcystin-Free Microcystis aeruginosa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:4798-4807. [PMID: 27057760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and increased nutrient fluxes cause cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater ecosystems. These phenomena have increased the concern for human health and ecosystem services. The mass occurrences of toxic cyanobacteria strongly affect freshwater zooplankton communities, especially the unselective filter feeder Daphnia. However, the molecular mechanisms of cyanobacterial toxicity remain poorly understood. This study is the first to combine the established body growth rate (BGR), which is an indicator of life-history fitness, with differential peptide labeling (iTRAQ)-based proteomics in Daphnia magna influenced by microcystin-producing (MP) and microcystin-free (MF) Microcystis aeruginosa. A significant decrease in BGR was detected when D. magna was exposed to MP or MF M. aeruginosa. Conducting iTRAQ proteomic analyses, we successfully identified and quantified 211 proteins with significant changes in expression. A cluster of orthologous groups revealed that M. aeruginosa-affected differential proteins were strongly associated with lipid, carbohydrate, amino acid, and energy metabolism. These parameters could potentially explain the reduced fitness based on the cost of the substance metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University , 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qingguo Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University , 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuexia Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University , 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Daoxin Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University , 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University , 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University , 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University , 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ger KA, Urrutia-Cordero P, Frost PC, Hansson LA, Sarnelle O, Wilson AE, Lürling M. The interaction between cyanobacteria and zooplankton in a more eutrophic world. HARMFUL ALGAE 2016; 54:128-144. [PMID: 28073472 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As blooms of cyanobacteria expand and intensify in freshwater systems globally, there is increasing interest in their ecological effects. In addition to being public health hazards, cyanobacteria have long been considered a poor quality food for key zooplankton grazers that link phytoplankton to higher trophic levels. While past laboratory studies have found negative effects of nutritional constraints and defensive traits (i.e., toxicity and colonial or filamentous morphology) on the fitness of large generalist grazers (i.e., Daphnia), cyanobacterial blooms often co-exist with high biomass of small-bodied zooplankton in nature. Indeed, recent studies highlight the remarkable diversity and flexibility in zooplankton responses to cyanobacterial prey. Reviewed here are results from a wide range of laboratory and field experiments examining the interaction of cyanobacteria and a diverse zooplankton taxa including cladocerans, copepods, and heterotrophic protists from temperate to tropical freshwater systems. This synthesis shows that longer exposure to cyanobacteria can shift zooplankton communities toward better-adapted species, select for more tolerant genotypes within a species, and induce traits within the lifetime of individual zooplankton. In turn, the function of bloom-dominated plankton ecosystems, the coupling between primary producers and grazers, the stability of blooms, and the potential to use top down biomanipulation for controlling cyanobacteria depend largely on the species, abundance, and traits of interacting cyanobacteria and zooplankton. Understanding the drivers and consequences of zooplankton traits, such as physiological detoxification and selective vs. generalist grazing behavior, are therefore of major importance for future studies. Ultimately, co-evolutionary dynamics between cyanobacteria and their grazers may emerge as a critical regulator of blooms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Ali Ger
- Department of Ecology, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, RN, Brazil.
| | - Pablo Urrutia-Cordero
- Center for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Paul C Frost
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Orlando Sarnelle
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, 163A Natural Resources Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Alan E Wilson
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Miquel Lürling
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology - Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Science, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|