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Heuschele J, Dinh KV, Lode T, Jager T, Borgå K. Arctic copepod copper sensitivity and comparison with Antarctic and temperate copepods. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024:10.1007/s10646-024-02796-2. [PMID: 39196504 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-024-02796-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
The ongoing global climate crisis increases temperatures in polar regions faster and with greater magnitude than elsewhere. The decline of Arctic sea ice opens up new passages, eventually leading to higher anthropogenic activities such as shipping, fishing, and mining. Climate change and anthropogenic activities will increase contaminant transport from temperate to Arctic regions. The shipping industry uses copper as an antifouling coating. Copper is an essential element but becomes toxic at excess concentrations, and its use may inadvertently affect non-target organisms such as copepods. Copper affects copepods by lowering reproductive output, prolonging developmental time, and causing increased mortality. As data on copper sensitivity of polar copepods at low temperatures are rare, we conducted onboard survival experiments with the Arctic region's most common copepod species (Calanus finmarchicus, C. glacialis, C. hyperboreus). Acute survival tests were done for up to 8 days on individuals in 70 ml bottles at 1 °C with nominal copper concentrations ranging from 3 to 480 μg L-1. We used a reduced General Unified Threshold model for Survival (GUTS) to analyse the data, and placed our results in the context of the few published copper sensitivity data of the Antarctic and temperate copepod species at low temperatures. The sensitivity of Cu exposure was similar between the three Calanus species. However, a model comparison suggests that the tested C. glacialis population is less sensitive than the other two species in our experiments. Compared to published data, the three Arctic species appear slightly less sensitive to copper compared to their Antarctic counterparts but more compared to their temperate ones. Our literature search revealed only a few available studies on the copper sensitivity of polar copepods. In the future, this species group will be exposed to more pollutants, which warrants more studies to predict potential risks, especially given possible interactions with environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Heuschele
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O Box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Khuong V Dinh
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O Box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torben Lode
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O Box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Katrine Borgå
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O Box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
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Dania A, Lutier M, Heimböck MP, Heuschele J, Søreide JE, Jackson MC, Dinh KV. Temporal patterns in multiple stressors shape the vulnerability of overwintering Arctic zooplankton. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11673. [PMID: 38952656 PMCID: PMC11215157 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The Arctic polar nights bring extreme environmental conditions characterised by cold and darkness, which challenge the survival of organisms in the Arctic. Additionally, multiple anthropogenic stressors can amplify the pressure on the fragile Arctic ecosystems during this period. Determining how multiple anthropogenic stressors may affect the survival of Arctic life is crucial for ecological risk assessments and management, but this topic is understudied. For the first time, our study investigates the complex interactions of multiple stressors, exploring stressor temporal dynamics and exposure duration on a key Arctic copepod Calanus glacialis during the polar nights. We conducted experiments with pulse (intermittent) and press (continuous) exposure scenarios, involving microplastics, pyrene and warming in a fully factorial design. We observed significant effects on copepod survival, with pronounced impacts during later stressor phases. We also detected two-way interactions between microplastics and pyrene, as well as pyrene and warming, further intensified with the presence of a third stressor. Continuous stressor exposure for 9 days (press-temporal scenario) led to greater reductions in copepod survival compared to the pulse-temporal scenario, characterised by two 3-day stressor exposure phases. Notably, the inclusion of recovery phases, free from stressor exposure, positively influenced copepod survival, highlighting the importance of temporal exposure dynamics. We did not find behaviour to be affected by the different treatments. Our findings underscore the intricate interactions amongst multiple stressors and their temporal patterns in shaping the vulnerability of overwintering Arctic copepods with crucial implications for managing Arctic aquatic ecosystems under the fastest rate of ongoing climate change on earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albini Dania
- Department of BiologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Mathieu Lutier
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Martin P. Heimböck
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Institute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Jan Heuschele
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | | | | | - Khuong V. Dinh
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
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Hansen BH, Tarrant AM, Lenz PH, Roncalli V, Almeda R, Broch OJ, Altin D, Tollefsen KE. Effects of petrogenic pollutants on North Atlantic and Arctic Calanus copepods: From molecular mechanisms to population impacts. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 267:106825. [PMID: 38176169 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Oil and gas industries in the Northern Atlantic Ocean have gradually moved closer to the Arctic areas, a process expected to be further facilitated by sea ice withdrawal caused by global warming. Copepods of the genus Calanus hold a key position in these cold-water food webs, providing an important energetic link between primary production and higher trophic levels. Due to their ecological importance, there is a concern about how accidental oil spills and produced water discharges may impact cold-water copepods. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the toxicity of petroleum on North Atlantic and Arctic Calanus copepods. We also review how recent development of high-quality transcriptomes from RNA-sequencing of copepods have identified genes regulating key biological processes, like molting, diapause and reproduction in Calanus copepods, to suggest linkages between exposure, molecular mechanisms and effects on higher levels of biological organization. We found that the available ecotoxicity threshold data for these copepods provide valuable information about their sensitivity to acute petrogenic exposures; however, there is still insufficient knowledge regarding underlying mechanisms of toxicity and the potential for long-term implications of relevance for copepod ecology and phenology. Copepod transcriptomics has expanded our understanding of how key biological processes are regulated in cold-water copepods. These advances can improve our understanding of how pollutants affect biological processes, and thus provide the basis for new knowledge frameworks spanning the effect continuum from molecular initiating events to adverse effects of regulatory relevance. Such efforts, guided by concepts such as adverse outcome pathways (AOPs), enable standardized and transparent characterization and evaluation of knowledge and identifies research gaps and priorities. This review suggests enhancing mechanistic understanding of exposure-effect relationships to better understand and link biomarker responses to adverse effects to improve risk assessments assessing ecological effects of pollutant mixtures, like crude oil, in Arctic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann M Tarrant
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, United States
| | - Petra H Lenz
- University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, United States
| | | | - Rodrigo Almeda
- EOMAR-ECOAQUA, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Ole Jacob Broch
- SINTEF Ocean, Fisheries and New Biomarine Industry, 7465 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Dag Altin
- BioTrix, 7020 Trondheim, Norway; Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Research Infrastructure SeaLab, 7010 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), 0579 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), N-1433 Ås, Norway
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Hansen BH, Altin D, Nordtug T. Do oil droplets and chemical dispersants contribute to uptake of oil compounds and toxicity of crude oil dispersions in cold-water copepods? JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37870159 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2271003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Accidental crude oil spills to the marine environment cause dispersion of oil into the water column through the actions of breaking waves, a process that can be facilitated using chemical dispersants. Oil dispersions contain dispersed micron-sized oil droplets and dissolved oil components, and the toxicity of oil dispersions has been assumed to be associated primarily with the latter. However, most hydrophobic, bioaccumulative and toxic crude oil components are retained within the droplets which may interact with marine filter-feeders. We here summarize the findings of 15 years of research using a unique methodology to generate controlled concentrations and droplet size distributions of dispersed crude oil to study effects on the filter-feeding cold-water copepod Calanus finmarchicus. We focus primarily on the contribution of chemical dispersants and micron-sized oil droplets to uptake and toxicity of oil compounds. Oil dispersion exposures cause PAH uptake and oil droplet accumulation on copepod body surfaces and inside their gastrointestinal tract, and exposures to high exposure (mg/L range) reduce feeding activity, causes reproductive impairments and mortality. These effects were slightly higher in the presence of chemical dispersants, possibly due to higher filtration of chemically dispersed droplets. For C. finmarchicus, dispersions containing oil droplets caused more severe toxic effects than filtered dispersions, thus, oil droplets contribute to the observed toxicity. The methodology for generating crude oil dispersion is a valuable tool to isolate impacts of crude oil microdroplets and can facilitate future research on oil dispersion toxicity and produce data to improve oil spill models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dag Altin
- BioTrix, Trondheim, Norway
- Research Infrastructure SeaLab, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Trond Nordtug
- SINTEF Ocean, Climate and Environment, Trondheim, Norway
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Carroll J, Frøysa HG, Vikebø F, Broch OJ, Howell D, Nepstad R, Augustine S, Skeie GM, Bockwoldt M. An annual profile of the impacts of simulated oil spills on the Northeast Arctic cod and haddock fisheries. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 184:114207. [PMID: 36228407 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We simulate the combined natural and pollutant-induced survival of early life stages of NEA cod and haddock, and the impact on the adult populations in response to the time of a major oil spill in a single year. Our simulations reveal how dynamic ocean processes, controlling both oil transport and fate and the frequency of interactions of oil with drifting fish eggs and larvae, mediate the magnitude of population losses due to an oil spill. The largest impacts on fish early life stages occurred for spills initiated in Feb-Mar, concomitant with the initial rise in marine productivity and the earliest phase of the spawning season. The reproductive health of the adult fish populations was maintained in all scenarios. The study demonstrates the application of a simulation system that provides managers with information for the planning of development activities and for the protection of fisheries resources from potential impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- JoLynn Carroll
- Akvaplan-niva, FRAM-High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, Hjalmar Johansens Gate 14, 9007 Tromsø, Norway; Research Centre for Arctic Petroleum Exploration (ARCEx), Department of Geosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Håvard G Frøysa
- Institute of Marine Research, Box 1870, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Frode Vikebø
- Institute of Marine Research, Box 1870, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Daniel Howell
- Institute of Marine Research, Box 1870, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Starrlight Augustine
- Akvaplan-niva, FRAM-High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, Hjalmar Johansens Gate 14, 9007 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Geir Morten Skeie
- Akvaplan-niva, FRAM-High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, Hjalmar Johansens Gate 14, 9007 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mathias Bockwoldt
- Research Centre for Arctic Petroleum Exploration (ARCEx), Department of Geosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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Yadetie F, Brun NR, Giebichenstein J, Dmoch K, Hylland K, Borgå K, Karlsen OA, Goksøyr A. Transcriptome responses in copepods Calanus finmarchicus, Calanus glacialis and Calanus hyperboreus exposed to phenanthrene and benzo[a]pyrene. Mar Genomics 2022; 65:100981. [PMID: 35969942 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2022.100981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Arctic and sub-arctic pelagic organisms can be exposed to effluents and spills from offshore petroleum-related activities and thus it is important to understand how they respond to crude oil related contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The copepod species Calanus finmarchicus, Calanus glacialis and Calanus hyperboreus represent key links in the arctic marine food web. We performed a transcriptome analysis of the three species exposed to phenanthrene (Phe) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) representing low and high molecular weight PAHs, respectively. Differential expression of several genes involved in many cellular pathways was observed after 72 h exposure to Phe (0.1 μM) and BaP (0.1 μM). In C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis, the exposure resulted in up-regulation of genes encoding enzymes in xenobiotic biotransformation, particularly the phase II cytosolic sulfonation system that include 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthase (PAPSS) and sulfotransferases (SULTs). The sulfonation pathway genes were more strongly induced by BaP than Phe in C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis but were not affected in C. hyperboreus. However, a larger number of genes and pathways were modulated in C. hyperboreus by the PAHs including genes encoding xenobiotic biotransformation and lipid metabolism enzymes, suggesting stronger responses in this species. The results suggest that the cytosolic sulfonation is a major phase II conjugation pathway for PAHs in C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis. Some of the biotransformation systems affected are known to be involved in metabolism of endogenous compounds such as ecdysteroids, which may suggest potential interference with physiological and developmental processes of the copepod species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fekadu Yadetie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Nadja R Brun
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA.
| | | | | | - Ketil Hylland
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Katrine Borgå
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Odd André Karlsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Anders Goksøyr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Eldridge RJ, de Jourdan BP, Hanson ML. A Critical Review of the Availability, Reliability, and Ecological Relevance of Arctic Species Toxicity Tests for Use in Environmental Risk Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:46-72. [PMID: 34758147 PMCID: PMC9304189 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
There is a pressing need to understand the impact of contaminants on Arctic ecosystems; however, most toxicity tests are based on temperate species, and there are issues with reliability and relevance of bioassays in general. Together this may result in an underestimation of harm to Arctic organisms and contribute to significant uncertainty in risk assessments. To help address these concerns, a critical review to assess reported effects for these species, quantify methodological and endpoint relevance gaps, and identify future research needs for testing was performed. We developed uniform criteria to score each study, allowing an objective comparison across experiments to quantify their reliability and relevance. We scored a total of 48 individual studies, capturing 39 tested compounds, 73 unique Arctic test species, and 95 distinct endpoints published from 1975 to 2021. Our analysis shows that of 253 test substance and species combinations scored (i.e., a unique toxicity test), 207 (82%) failed to meet at least one critical study criterion that contributes to data reliability for use in risk assessment. Arctic-focused toxicity testing needs to ensure that exposures can be analytically confirmed, include environmentally realistic exposure scenarios, and report test methods more thoroughly. Significant data gaps were identified as related to standardized toxicity testing with Arctic species, diversity of compounds tested with these organisms, and the inclusion of ecologically relevant sublethal and chronic endpoints assessed in Arctic toxicity testing. Overall, there needs to be ongoing improvement in test conduction and reporting in the scientific literature to support effective risk assessments in an Arctic context. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:46-72. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J. Eldridge
- Huntsman Marine Science CentreSt. AndrewsNew BrunswickCanada
- Department of Environment and GeographyUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | | | - Mark L. Hanson
- Department of Environment and GeographyUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
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Huanacuni JI, Pepe-Victoriano R, Lora-Vilchis MC, Merino GE, Torres-Taipe FG, Espinoza-Ramos LA. Influence of Microalgae Diets on the Biological and Growth Parameters of Oithona nana (Copepoda: Cyclopoida). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123544. [PMID: 34944321 PMCID: PMC8697983 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The success of marine fish farming is primarily determined by diet in early life. While both artemia and rotifers are commonly used as live feed in aquaculture laboratories in Peru, there has been little work studying the use of native food species. Here, we report our research on the use of a native copepod (Oithona nana) for its potential use in Peruvian marine aquaculture. We collected specimens of the native copepod O. nana and performed culturing experiments with two microalgae that have been widely used in aquaculture. Results show that this species adapted positively to our culture conditions, achieving high densities. We also report on the copepod’s reproduction and growth characteristics. Because of these promising results, we recommend that O. nana be studied further and propose it as a species with potential use as a live feed. Abstract Several species of the planktonic free-living genus Oithona have been successfully used in the larviculture of marine fish and shrimp. However, few studies have been published that allow us to estimate the potential of Oithona nana culture under controlled conditions. This work evaluated the effect of the microalgae Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros calcitrans as single (200,000 cells/mL) and mixed diets (100,000 + 100,000 cells/mL) on population and individual growth, ingestion rate, number of spawnings, fertility, development time by stage, and sex ratio of O. nana. We cultured this copepod at 28 ± 0.5 °C, 35 PSU salinity, 125 lux, and 12:12 photoperiod. Results showed that diet had no effect on the final population level (6273–7966 ind/L) or on individual growth, nor on sex ratio, with less males than females. With C. calcitrans, O. nana had a higher filtration rate (57 ng C/ind/day). On the other hand, a mixed diet induced a higher number of spawns (0.4 events/day) and nauplii per spawn (23 ind). Similarly, a single or mixed diet, containing I. galbana, accelerated the development rate by 6.33–7.00 days. We concluded that O. nana can be cultured with both microalgae, indicating its potential use in an intensive system for production. However, more research is required to improve the productivity of O. nana rearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan I. Huanacuni
- Área de Biología Marina y Acuicultura, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avenida Santa María 2998, Arica 1000000, Chile; (J.I.H.); (R.P.-V.)
- Programa de Magíster en Acuicultura Mención Cultivos de Recursos Hidrobiológicos Mención Acuaponía, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avenida Santa María 2998, Arica 1000000, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Pesquera, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Av. Cusco s/n, Tacna 23004, Peru;
| | - Renzo Pepe-Victoriano
- Área de Biología Marina y Acuicultura, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avenida Santa María 2998, Arica 1000000, Chile; (J.I.H.); (R.P.-V.)
| | - María C. Lora-Vilchis
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 195. Col. Playa de Santa Rita Sur. C. P., La Paz 23096, Baja California Sur, Mexico;
| | - Germán E. Merino
- Departamento de Acuicultura, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile;
| | - Fressia G. Torres-Taipe
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Pesquera, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Av. Cusco s/n, Tacna 23004, Peru;
| | - Luis A. Espinoza-Ramos
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Pesquera, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Av. Cusco s/n, Tacna 23004, Peru;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +51-968708863
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Crude oil exposure reduces ice algal growth in a sea-ice mesocosm experiment. Polar Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-021-02818-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Almeda R, Rodriguez-Torres R, Rist S, Winding MHS, Stief P, Hansen BH, Nielsen TG. Microplastics do not increase bioaccumulation of petroleum hydrocarbons in Arctic zooplankton but trigger feeding suppression under co-exposure conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 751:141264. [PMID: 32871308 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arctic sea ice has alarmingly high concentrations of microplastics (MPs). Additionally, sea ice reduction in the Arctic is opening new opportunities for the oil and maritime industries, which could increase oil pollution in the region. Yet knowledge of the effects of co-exposure to MPs and crude oil on Arctic zooplankton is lacking. We tested the influence of MPs (polyethylene, 20.7 μm) on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) bioaccumulation and oil toxicity in the key arctic copepod Calanus hyperboreus after exposure to oil with and without dispersant. Up to 30% of the copepods stopped feeding and fecal pellet production rates were reduced after co-exposure to oil (1 μL L-1) and MPs (20 MPs mL-1). The PAH body burden was ~3 times higher in feeding than in non-feeding copepods. Copepods ingested both MPs and crude oil droplets. MPs did not influence bioaccumulation of PAHs in copepods or their fecal pellets, but chemical dispersant increased bioaccumulation, especially of ≥4 ring-PAHs. Our results suggest that MPs do not act as vectors of PAHs in Arctic marine food webs after oil spills, but, at high concentrations (20 MPs mL-1), MPs can trigger behavioral stress responses (e.g., feeding suppression) to oil pollution in zooplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Almeda
- Section for Oceans and Arctic, DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
| | - R Rodriguez-Torres
- Section for Oceans and Arctic, DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
| | - S Rist
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
| | - M H S Winding
- Greenland Climate Research Centre, Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Greenland
| | - P Stief
- University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | | | - T Gissel Nielsen
- Section for Oceans and Arctic, DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
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Dinh KV, Nguyen QTT, Vo TMC, Bui TB, Dao TS, Tran DM, Doan NX, Truong TSH, Wisz MS, Nielsen TG, Vu MTT, Le MH. Interactive effects of extreme temperature and a widespread coastal metal contaminant reduce the fitness of a common tropical copepod across generations. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 159:111509. [PMID: 32763562 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tropical coastal areas are increasingly exposed to temperature extremes from marine heatwaves and contaminants from anthropogenic activities. The interactive effects of these environmental changes on marine life are understudied. We investigated the direct and cross-generational effects of copper (Cu) on F0 and F1 generations of the common tropical copepod Pseudodiaptomus annandalei under extreme temperatures (30 and 34 °C). In F0, Cu exposure reduced survival and nauplii production; these patterns were more pronounced at 34 °C and in females. F0 Copepods produced more faecal pellets at 34 °C than 30 °C, indicating a higher energetic demand. In F1, the number of F1 adults was lower in CuF0 and at 34 °C. Cu-exposed F0 produced larger adult F1, while exposure to 34 °C resulted in smaller adult F1. Our results show that tropical copepods are highly vulnerable to the interactive effects of contaminants and extreme temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuong V Dinh
- Cam Ranh Centre for Tropical Marine Research and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam.
| | - Quyen T T Nguyen
- Cam Ranh Centre for Tropical Marine Research and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam
| | - Thi-My-Chi Vo
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Trung Ba Bui
- Institute for Environment and Resources, Vietnam National University - Hochiminh City, 142 To Hien Thanh St., Dist. 10, Hochiminh City, Viet Nam
| | - Thanh-Son Dao
- Hochiminh City University of Technology, VNU - HCM, Hochiminh City, Viet Nam
| | - Duc M Tran
- Cam Ranh Centre for Tropical Marine Research and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam
| | - Nam X Doan
- Cam Ranh Centre for Tropical Marine Research and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam
| | - Trinh S H Truong
- Institute of Oceanography, VAST, 01 Cau Da street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam
| | - Mary S Wisz
- World Maritime University, Fiskehamnsgatan 1, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Minh T T Vu
- Cam Ranh Centre for Tropical Marine Research and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam
| | - Minh-Hoang Le
- Cam Ranh Centre for Tropical Marine Research and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Viet Nam
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