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Batool Z, Ullah S, Khan A, Siddique F, Nadeem S, Alshammari A, Albekairi NA, Talib R, Al-Harrasi A, Shafiq Z. Design, synthesis, and in vitro and in silico study of 1-benzyl-indole hybrid thiosemicarbazones as competitive tyrosinase inhibitors. RSC Adv 2024; 14:28524-28542. [PMID: 39247501 PMCID: PMC11378339 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra05015k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing new anti-tyrosinase drugs seems crucial for the medical and industrial fields since irregular melanin synthesis is linked to the resurgence of several skin conditions, including melanoma, and the browning of fruits and vegetables. A novel series of N-1 and C-3 substituted indole-based thiosemicarbazones 5(a-r) are synthesized and further analyzed for their inhibition potential against tyrosinase enzyme through in vitro assays. The synthesized compounds displayed very good to moderate inhibition with half maximal inhibitory concentration in the range of 12.40 ± 0.26 μM to 47.24 ± 1.27 μM. Among all the derivatives 5k displayed the highest inhibitory activity. According to SAR analysis, the derivatives with 4-substitution at the benzyl or phenyl ring of the thiosemicarbazones exhibited better inhibitory potential against tyrosinase. In silico analysis (including ADMET prediction and molecular docking) was conducted and compared with the standard drug (kojic acid). These findings may help the hunt for new melanogenesis inhibitors that the food and cosmetics industries may find valuable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Batool
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan-60800 Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa P.O. Box 33, PC 616, Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa P.O. Box 33, PC 616, Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Farhan Siddique
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan-60800 Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Nadeem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan-60800 Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Women University Multan 60000 Pakistan
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Post bezBox 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Post bezBox 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Rimsha Talib
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan-60800 Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa P.O. Box 33, PC 616, Birkat Al Mauz Nizwa Sultanate of Oman
| | - Zahid Shafiq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan-60800 Pakistan
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2
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Ungureanu D, Oniga O, Moldovan C, Ionuț I, Marc G, Stana A, Pele R, Duma M, Tiperciuc B. An Insight into Rational Drug Design: The Development of In-House Azole Compounds with Antimicrobial Activity. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:763. [PMID: 39200063 PMCID: PMC11350776 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13080763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance poses a major threat to global health as the number of efficient antimicrobials decreases and the number of resistant pathogens rises. Our research group has been actively involved in the design of novel antimicrobial drugs. The blueprints of these compounds were azolic heterocycles, particularly thiazole. Starting with oxadiazolines, our research group explored, one by one, the other five-membered heterocycles, developing more or less potent compounds. An overview of this research activity conducted by our research group allowed us to observe an evolution in the methodology used (from inhibition zone diameters to minimal inhibitory concentrations and antibiofilm potential determination) correlated with the design of azole compounds based on results obtained from molecular modeling. The purpose of this review is to present the development of in-house azole compounds with antimicrobial activity, designed over the years by this research group from the departments of Pharmaceutical and Therapeutical Chemistry in Cluj-Napoca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ungureanu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.U.); (O.O.); (C.M.); (I.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
- “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță” Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 12 Ion Creangă Street, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Oniga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.U.); (O.O.); (C.M.); (I.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Cristina Moldovan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.U.); (O.O.); (C.M.); (I.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Ioana Ionuț
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.U.); (O.O.); (C.M.); (I.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Gabriel Marc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.U.); (O.O.); (C.M.); (I.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Anca Stana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.U.); (O.O.); (C.M.); (I.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Raluca Pele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.U.); (O.O.); (C.M.); (I.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Mihaela Duma
- State Veterinary Laboratory for Animal Health and Safety, 1 Piața Mărăști Street, 400609 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Brîndușa Tiperciuc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.U.); (O.O.); (C.M.); (I.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (B.T.)
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3
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Praveen Kumar CH, Katagi MS, Samuel J, Nandeshwarappa BP. Synthesis, Characterization and Structural Studies of Novel Pyrazoline Derivatives as Potential Inhibitors of NAD+ Synthetase in Bacteria and Cytochrome P450 51 in Fungi. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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4
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Kumar H, Dhameja M, Kurella S, Uma A, Gupta P. Synthesis, in-vitro α-glucosidase inhibition and molecular docking studies of 1,3,4-thiadiazole-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine hybrids: Potential leads in the search of new antidiabetic drugs. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Baird SR, Vogels CM, Geier SJ, Watanabe LK, Binder JF, Macdonald CLB, Westcott SA. The phosphinoboration of thiosemicarbazones. CAN J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2022-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study reports on the exploration of the phosphinoboration reaction with several thiosemicarbazones (R5R4NC(S)NR3N=CR1R2). Reactions between either Ph2PBpin (pin = 1,2-O2C2Me4) or Ph2PBcat (cat = 1,2-O2C6H4) with thiosemicarbazones containing a terminal primary or secondary amine afforded boron-containing heterocyclic 1,3,4-thiadiazoline products in excellent yield. The addition of Ph2PBpin to thiosemicarbazones containing an NMe2 group in the terminal position generated novel five-membered heterocycles in moderate yield, which included boron, sulfur, and nitrogen atoms. Heterocyclization of the thiosemicarbazones occurs preferentially in the presence of functional groups such as acetyl and pyridyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R. Baird
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Christopher M. Vogels
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Stephen J. Geier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Lara K. Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Justin F. Binder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | | | - Stephen A. Westcott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
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6
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Sharma D, Om H, Sharma AK. Potential Synthetic Routes and Metal-Ion Sensing Applications of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles: An Integrative Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 54:416-436. [PMID: 35617470 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2080494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Oxadiazoles, especially 1,3,4-oxadiazole scaffolds, stand among the foremost heterocyclic fragments with a broad spectrum of applications in diverse fields, including pharmacology, polymers, material science, and organic electronics, among others. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the pivotal synthetic strategies for 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives including dehydrogenative cyclization of 1,2-diacylhydrazines, oxidative cyclization of acylhydrazones, condensation cyclization, C-H activation of oxadiazole ring, decarboxylative cyclization and oxidative annulation along with plausible mechanisms. The set of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles selected from the literature and discussed herein epitomize the ease of synthesis as well as the possibility of linking π-conjugated groups; thereby encouraging the use of these molecules as important starting building blocks for a wide variety of fluorescent frameworks, particularly in the development of potential chemosensors. High photoluminescent quantum yield, excellent thermal and chemical stability, and the presence of potential coordination (N and O donor atoms) sites make these molecules a prominent choice for metal-ions sensors. An overview of selective metal-ion sensing, the detection limit along with the sensing mechanisms (photo-induced electron transfer, excited-state intramolecular proton transfer, and complex formation) is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Sonipat, India
| | - Hari Om
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Sonipat, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Sonipat, India
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7
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Design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico studies of naproxen derivatives as dual lipoxygenase and α-glucosidase inhibitors. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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8
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Solangi M, Kanwal, Khan KM, Chigurupati S, Saleem F, Qureshi U, Ul-Haq Z, Jabeen A, Felemban SG, Zafar F, Perveen S, Taha M, Bhatia S. Isatin thiazoles as antidiabetic: Synthesis, in vitro enzyme inhibitory activities, kinetics, and in silico studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2100481. [PMID: 35355329 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent diseases nowadays. Several marketed drugs are available for the cure and treatment of diabetes, but there is still a dire need of introducing compatible drug molecules with lesser side effects. The current study is based on the synthesis of isatin thiazole derivatives 4-30 via the Hantzsch reaction. The synthetic compounds were characterized using different spectroscopic techniques and evaluated for their α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition potential. Of 27 isatin thiazoles, five (4, 5, 10, 12, and 16) displayed good activities against the α-amylase enzyme with IC50 values in the range of 22.22 ± 0.02-27.01 ± 0.06 µM, and for α-glucosidase, the IC50 values of these compounds were in the range of 20.76 ± 0.17-27.76 ± 0.17 µM, respectively. The binding interactions of the active molecules within the active site of enzymes were studied with the help of molecular docking studies. In addition, kinetic studies were carried out to examine the mechanism of action of the synthetic molecules as well. Compounds 3a, 4, 5, 10, 12, and 16 were also examined for their cytotoxic effect and were found to be noncytotoxic. Thus, several molecules were identified as good antihyperglycemic agents, which can be further modified to enhance inhibition ability and to find the lead molecule that can act as a potential antidiabetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Solangi
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.,Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengannu, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Khalid M Khan
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sridevi Chigurupati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiza Saleem
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Urooj Qureshi
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Almas Jabeen
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shatha G Felemban
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Zafar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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9
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El-Zahabi HSA, Nossier ES, Mousa SM, Hassan H, Shalaby ASG, Arafa RK. Antibacterial and anticancer profiling of new benzocaine derivatives: Design, synthesis, and molecular mechanism of action. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2100451. [PMID: 35102593 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The need for new chemotherapeutics to overcome development of resistance merits research to discover new agents. Benzocaine derivatives are essential compounds in medicinal chemistry due to their various biological activities including antibacterial and anticancer activities. Therefore, this study focuses on the synthesis of new benzocaine derivatives 3a-e, 6, 7a and 7b, 8, 10-14, and 16a-d and their in vitro evaluation as antibacterial agents against gram +ve and -ve strains and as anticancer agents against HepG-2, HCT-116, and MCF-7 human cancer cell lines. The obtained results demonstrated that thiazolidines 6 and 7b showed higher antibacterial and anticancer activity in comparison with the reference drugs. In addition, 6 and 7b showed high potency as inhibitors toward their biological targets, that is DNA gyrase and human topoisomerase IIα, as compared to the reference standard drugs novobiocin and etoposide, respectively. Molecular docking demonstrated that both compounds could identify the active site of their target enzymes and develop effective binding interactions. Absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (ADME) and drug-likeness predictions of both compounds showed that they both have good ADME profiles and no structural alerts that might cause toxicity. Based on this, 6 and 7b could serve as lead compounds for the design of more potent antibacterial and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba S A El-Zahabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman S Nossier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safya M Mousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Hassan
- Drug Design and Discovery Lab, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Al Shimaa G Shalaby
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem K Arafa
- Drug Design and Discovery Lab, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.,Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
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Borrego-Muñoz P, Ospina F, Quiroga D. A Compendium of the Most Promising Synthesized Organic Compounds against Several Fusarium oxysporum Species: Synthesis, Antifungal Activity, and Perspectives. Molecules 2021; 26:3997. [PMID: 34208916 PMCID: PMC8271819 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular wilt caused by F. oxysporum (FOX) is one of the main limitations of producing several agricultural products worldwide, causing economic losses between 40% and 100%. Various methods have been developed to control this phytopathogen, such as the cultural, biological, and chemical controls, the latter being the most widely used in the agricultural sector. The treatment of this fungus through systemic fungicides, although practical, brings problems because the agrochemical agents used have shown mutagenic effects on the fungus, increasing the pathogen's resistance. The design and the synthesis of novel synthetic antifungal agents used against FOX have been broadly studied in recent years. This review article presents a compendium of the synthetic methodologies during the last ten years as promissory, which can be used to afford novel and potential agrochemical agents. The revision is addressed from the structural core of the most active synthetic compounds against FOX. The synthetic methodologies implemented strategies based on cyclo condensation reactions, radical cyclization, electrocyclic closures, and carbon-carbon couplings by metal-organic catalysis. This revision contributes significantly to the organic chemistry, supplying novel alternatives for the use of more effective agrochemical agents against F. oxysporum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diego Quiroga
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Campus Nueva Granada, Universidad Militar, Nueva Granada, Cajicá 250247, Colombia; (P.B.-M.); (F.O.)
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11
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Ngoc Toan V, Dinh Thanh N, Minh Tri N. 1,3,4-Thiadiazoline−coumarin hybrid compounds containing D-glucose/D-galactose moieties: Synthesis and evaluation of their antiproliferative activity. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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12
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Hałdys K, Goldeman W, Anger-Góra N, Rossowska J, Latajka R. Monosubstituted Acetophenone Thiosemicarbazones as Potent Inhibitors of Tyrosinase: Synthesis, Inhibitory Studies, and Molecular Docking. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14010074. [PMID: 33477655 PMCID: PMC7831505 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of 12 monosubstituted acetophenone thiosemicarbazone derivatives (TSCs) were synthesized and their inhibitory properties toward tyrosinase activity were tested. Moreover, their ability to inhibit melanogenesis in the B16F10 murine melanoma cell line was studied. In order to investigate the nature of interactions between the enzyme and the inhibitors, molecular docking to the active site was performed. TSCs 5, 6, 8, and 9 revealed a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) below 1 µM. Compound 6 turned out to be the most potent tyrosinase inhibitor. All investigated compounds showed reversible inhibition of competitive or mixed type. The para-substituted TSCs had higher affinity for the enzyme as compared to their ortho- and meta-analogues. All investigated compounds inhibited melanin production in B16F10 cells at the micromolar level. Molecular docking showed that the sulfur atom of the thiourea moiety penetrates the active site and interacts with copper ions. The above outcomes might be helpful in the design of new tyrosinase inhibitors in the food and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Hałdys
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (R.L.)
| | - Waldemar Goldeman
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Natalia Anger-Góra
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (N.A.-G.); (J.R.)
| | - Joanna Rossowska
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (N.A.-G.); (J.R.)
| | - Rafał Latajka
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (R.L.)
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13
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Costa DP, Castro AC, Silva GA, Lima‐Junior CG, Andrade Júnior FP, Oliveira Lima E, Vaz BG, Silva LC. Microwave‐assisted synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel spiro 1,3,4‐thiadiazolines from isatin derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleff Cruz Castro
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil
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14
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Moustafa AH, Ahmed DH, El-Wassimy MTM, Mohamed MFA. Synthesis, antimicrobial studies, and molecular docking of some new dihydro-1,3,4-thiadiazole and pyrazole derivatives derived from dithiocarbazates. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1843179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Doaa H. Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | | | - Mamdouh F. A. Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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15
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Halogenated aromatic thiosemicarbazones as potent inhibitors of tyrosinase and melanogenesis. Bioorg Chem 2020; 94:103419. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Farooq S, Ngaini Z. One-Pot and Two-Pot Synthesis of Chalcone Based Mono and Bis-Pyrazolines. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Heidari L, Ghassemzadeh M, Fenske D, Fuhr O, Saeidifar M, Mohsenzadeh F. Unprecedented palladium( ii) complex containing dipodal 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives: synthesis, structure, and biological and thermal investigations. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02918a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a novel palladium complex based on a bioactive 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative has been investigated. This novel complex showed excellent antibacterial activity and its thermolysis resulted in PdO nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Heidari
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran
- Tehran 14968-13151
- Iran
| | - Mitra Ghassemzadeh
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran
- Tehran 14968-13151
- Iran
| | - Dieter Fenske
- Institut für Nanotechnologie and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie
- Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344
- Germany
| | - Olaf Fuhr
- Institut für Nanotechnologie and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie
- Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344
- Germany
| | - Maryam Saeidifar
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center
- Karaj
- Iran
| | - Farshid Mohsenzadeh
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran
- Tehran 14968-13151
- Iran
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18
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Aliabadi A, Afnanzade NS, Hosseinzadeh L, Mohammadi-Farani A, Shafiee MH, Nazari H, Ahmadi F, Foroumadi A. N-(5-(Trifluoromethyl)-1,3,4-Thiadiazol-2-Yl)Benzamide and Benzothioamide Derivatives Induce Apoptosis Via Caspase-Dependent Pathway. Pharm Chem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-019-02031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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19
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Hałdys K, Latajka R. Thiosemicarbazones with tyrosinase inhibitory activity. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:378-389. [PMID: 31015905 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00005d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase plays an essential role in melanogenesis. Excess production of melanin can be a reason for hyperpigmentation skin disorders in mammals and enzymatic browning in plant-derived foods. Catalyzing the rate-limiting step of melanin synthesis, tyrosinase has become the most studied target for melanogenesis inhibition. Over the past ten years, a number of synthetic thiosemicarbazone derivatives have been reported to possess strong tyrosinase inhibitory properties with IC50 values below 1 μM, placing them among the most potent tyrosinase inhibitors. This review gives an overview of tyrosinase activity and describes tyrosinase-inhibiting thiosemicarbazones in terms of their structure-activity relationships, kinetics of enzyme inhibition and mechanism of action. Results of the studies of thiosemicarbazones as tyrosinase inhibitors from over 20 research articles have been analyzed, compared and summarized in the present paper. Using thiosemicarbazones as tyrosinase inhibitors is a promising approach in developing anti-melanogenetic agents for skin-whitening cosmetics and anti-browning agents for food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Hałdys
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology , Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 , 50-370 , Wrocław , Poland .
| | - Rafał Latajka
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology , Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 , 50-370 , Wrocław , Poland .
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20
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Inhibitory properties of aromatic thiosemicarbazones on mushroom tyrosinase: Synthesis, kinetic studies, molecular docking and effectiveness in melanogenesis inhibition. Bioorg Chem 2018; 81:577-586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Abdildinova A, Gong YD. Current Parallel Solid-Phase Synthesis of Drug-like Oxadiazole and Thiadiazole Derivatives for Combinatorial Chemistry. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2018; 20:309-329. [PMID: 29714475 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.8b00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Solid-phase organic synthesis is a powerful tool in the synthesis of small organic molecules and building of libraries of compounds for drug discovery. Heterocyclic compounds are important components of the drug discovery field as well and serve as a core for hundreds of marketed drugs. In particular, oxadiazole and thiadiazole cores are compounds of great interest due to their comprehensive biological activities and structural features. Therefore, a plethora of oxadiazole and thiadiazole synthesis methodologies have been reported to date, including solution and solid-phase synthesis methodologies. In this review, we concentrate on and summarize solid-phase synthetic approaches of the oxadiazole and thiadiazole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhan Abdildinova
- Innovative Drug Library Research Center, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Dongguk University, 26, 3-ga, Pil-dong, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea
| | - Young-Dae Gong
- Innovative Drug Library Research Center, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Dongguk University, 26, 3-ga, Pil-dong, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea
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22
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El-Hiti GA, Abdel-Wahab BF, Alotaibi MH, Hegazy AS, Kariuki BM. 2-({6-[5-Methyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]imidazo[2,1- b]thiazol-5-yl}methylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide dimethylformamide 0.25-solvate. IUCRDATA 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s2414314618000871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The asymmetric unit of the title solvate, C17H16N8S2·0.25C3H7NO, consists of two C17H16N8S2 molecules and a dimethylformamide molecule disordered about a crystallographic inversion centre. Both triazole molecules feature an intramolecular C—H...N interaction, which generates an S(6) ring in each case. In the crystal, the components are linked by N—H...N and N—H...S hydrogen bonds to form [001] chains, which are cross-linked by weak C—H...O, C—H...N and C—H...S interactions.
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23
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Dong H, Liu J, Liu X, Yu Y, Cao S. Combining molecular docking and QSAR studies for modeling the anti-tyrosinase activity of aromatic heterocycle thiosemicarbazone analogues. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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24
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Dong H, Liu J, Liu X, Yu Y, Cao S. Molecular docking and QSAR analyses of aromatic heterocycle thiosemicarbazone analogues for finding novel tyrosinase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2017; 75:106-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Organocatalyzed and mechanochemical solvent-free synthesis of novel and functionalized bis -biphenyl substituted thiazolidinones as potent tyrosinase inhibitors: SAR and molecular modeling studies. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 134:406-414. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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26
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27
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Gangarapu K, Thumma G, Manda S, Jallapally A, Jarapula R, Rekulapally S. Design, synthesis and molecular docking of novel structural hybrids of substituted isatin based pyrazoline and thiadiazoline as antitumor agents. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1781-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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28
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Živković MB, Matić IZ, Rodić MV, Novaković IT, Sladić DM, Krstić NM. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro cytotoxic activities of new steroidal thiosemicarbazones and thiadiazolines. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01516f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
New steroidal thiosemicarbazones and 1,3,4-thiadiazolines as potential anticancer agents are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana B. Živković
- Center for Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11001 Belgrade
| | - Ivana Z. Matić
- Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia
- 11000 Belgrade
- Republic of Serbia
| | - Marko V. Rodić
- Faculty of Sciences
- University of Novi Sad
- 21000 Novi Sad
- Republic of Serbia
| | - Irena T. Novaković
- Center for Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11001 Belgrade
| | - Dušan M. Sladić
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Belgrade
- 11001 Belgrade
- Republic of Serbia
| | - Natalija M. Krstić
- Center for Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11001 Belgrade
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29
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Yusuf M, Kaur M. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluations of New 5-aryl Linked Bispyrazolines. J Heterocycl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Yusuf
- Department of Chemistry; Punjabi University; Patiala 147002 Punjab India
| | - Manvinder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry; Punjabi University; Patiala 147002 Punjab India
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