Spectrophotometric determination of carbamazepine and mosapride citrate in pure and pharmaceutical preparations

Ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor for the detection of carbamazepine based on gadolinium vanadate nanostructure decorated functionalized carbon nanofiber nanocomposite

The gadolinium vanadate nanostructure decorated functionalized carbon nanofiber (GdVO₄/f-CNF) nanocomposite was prepared by the hydrothermal method, which is fabricated on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the determination of carbamazepine (CBZ). The structural morphology of the hydrothermally synthesized GdVO₄/f-CNF material was investigated by several spectroscopy methods such as FESEM, HRTEM, EDS-mapping, XRD, XPS, and Raman. Moreover, the electrical conductivity of our synthesized material was inspected by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis, and the electrochemical performance towards CBZ was inspected by the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry (AMP) analysis under optimized conditions. The AMP determination of CBZ exhibits the lowest level LOD of 0.0018 μM and a good linear range of 0.01-157 μM. Additionally, our proposed sensor was used to determine the CBZ in the pharmaceutical and, human urine samples which have exposed the acceptable recoveries.

Spectrophotometric Determination of Carbamazepine in Pharmaceutical Formulations Based on its Reaction with a Brominating Agent

Two accurate spectrophotometric methods described for the estimation of carbamazepine (CBZ) in both pharmaceutical and pure form. These methodologies are attached to the bromination of CBZ by bromine formed in instantly from the bromate-bromide reaction. The general procedure includes the additional of a known amount of bromate-bromide reagent in an acidic mediocre to CBZ. After the reaction is integrated, the unreacted bromine was reacted with a steady amount of methylene blue, and the absorbance was measured at 665 nm (method A) or, cresol red could be used for the reaction and the absorbance moderated at 517 nm (method B). Beer’s law was submitted from 0.45 to 15.00 μg/mL CBZ with a molar absorptivity of 4.93 × 103 L/mol.cm for method A and from 0.50 to 12.00 μg/mL CBZ with a molar absorptivity of 1.37 × 104 L/mol.cm for method B. The proposed methods were effective for the determination of CBZ in tablets with great precision and accuracy.

Stability indicating spectrophotometric methods for quantitative determination of carbamazepine and its degradation product, iminostilbene, in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations

A stressed study on the stability and degradation behavior under ICH forced degradation conditions of most widely used antiepileptic drug; carbamazepine (CMZ) is presented in this work. The research also includes studying spectrophotometric nature of CMZ and assaying it with mostly used spectrophotometric techniques. Six simple and sensitive spectrophotometric methods are introduced as stability indicating methods for quantitative determination of CMZ and its degradation product, one of its reported potential impurities; iminostilbene (IMS). Dual wavelength is method I where two wavelengths (215 and 270 nm for CMZ and 258 and 307 nm for IMS) were chosen for each component while absorbance difference is zero for the second one. Method II is isoabsorptive point method where the absorbance of CMZ at A_{225 nm} was measured in the range of 0.5-20 μg mL^-1. Method III is second derivative method which allows simultaneous determination of CMZ at 247 nm and IMS at 273 nm without any interference. Method IV based on measuring the peak amplitude of first derivative of ratio spectra (¹DD) at 280.5 and 253 nm for determination of CMZ and IMS, respectively. Method V is mean centering of the ratio spectra with good linearity for CMZ and IMS over 200-330 nm. Ratio difference method is method VI where good linearity was achieved for determination of CMZ and IMS by measuring differences in the amplitude of ratio spectra at 285, 258 nm and 258, 285 nm, respectively. The proposed methods show successful application in CMZ's pharmaceutical formulations.