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Abstract
The Hypericum genus contains one of the few genera of flowering plants that contains a species with authorization for marketing as a traditional medicine, H. perforatum. Due to the fact that this is a large genus, comprising numerous species, a large amount of interest has been shown over the years in the study of its various pharmacological activities. The chemical composition of these species is quite similar, containing compounds belonging to the class of phloroglucinol derivatives, naphthodianthrones, phenols, flavonoids and essential oils. Taking all of this into consideration, the present study aims to offer an overview of the species of the genus from the point of view of their extraction techniques and analysis methods. An extensive study on the scientific literature was performed, and it revealed a wide range of solvents and extraction methods, among which ethanol and methanol, together with maceration and ultrasonication, are the most frequent. Regarding analysis methods, separation and spectral techniques are the most employed. Therefore, the present study provides necessary data for future studies on the species of the genus, offering a complete overview and a possible basis for their development.
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Paschoalinotto BH, Dias MI, Pinela J, Pires TC, Alves MJ, Mocan A, Calhelha RC, Barros L, Ineu RP, Ferreira IC. Phytochemical Characterization and Evaluation of Bioactive Properties of Tisanes Prepared from Promising Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020475. [PMID: 33671660 PMCID: PMC7926303 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition and biological properties correlation in several medicinal and aromatic plants is still underexplored, especially in its most common form of consumption as tisane. The present study aims to characterize the organic acids and vitamin E composition of five tisanes and their extracts by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to a diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) and HPLC coupled to a fluorescence detector techniques, respectively, and the phenolic composition by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS (mass spectrometry by electrospray ionization). It also focuses on their bioactive properties, namely antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, anti-tyrosinase, and anti-diabetic activities. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed in order to understand the correlation between the chemical composition and bioactive properties of the tisanes. The tisane 5 (T5) composed by lemon thyme, tutsan, cloves, and cinnamon, was the most promising mixture, presenting the lowest values for the lipid peroxidation inhibition, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic activity. It also presented the highest concentration of phenolic acids (caffeoylquinic acids derivatives), and flavan-3-ols (catechin derivatives). Only the dry plants presented tocopherols. For the antihemolytic, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activity, T2 and T4 (with lemon thyme) were highlighted as the best herbal mixtures. The PCA proved to be a valid tool to select the most promising tisane according to the bioactivity. These results suggest that the studied tisanes can be source of high added-value bioactive compounds with health-promoting effects and potential for application in the food and nutraceutical industries, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz H. Paschoalinotto
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (B.H.P.); (J.P.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (M.J.A.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Campo Mourão (UTFPR-CM), Campo Mourão 87301-899, Brazil;
| | - Maria Inês Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (B.H.P.); (J.P.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (M.J.A.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Correspondence: (M.I.D.); (L.B.); Tel.: +351-273-330-903 (M.I.D.)
| | - José Pinela
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (B.H.P.); (J.P.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (M.J.A.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Tânia C.S.P. Pires
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (B.H.P.); (J.P.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (M.J.A.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Maria José Alves
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (B.H.P.); (J.P.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (M.J.A.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Laboratory of Chromatography, Institute of Advanced Horticulture Research of Transylvania, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ricardo C. Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (B.H.P.); (J.P.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (M.J.A.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (B.H.P.); (J.P.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (M.J.A.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Correspondence: (M.I.D.); (L.B.); Tel.: +351-273-330-903 (M.I.D.)
| | - Rafael P. Ineu
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Campo Mourão (UTFPR-CM), Campo Mourão 87301-899, Brazil;
| | - Isabel C.F.R. Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (B.H.P.); (J.P.); (T.C.S.P.P.); (M.J.A.); (R.C.C.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
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