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An C, Wang T, Wang S, Chen X, Han X, Wu S, Deng Q, Zhao L, Hu N. Ultrasonic-assisted preparation of two-dimensional materials for electrocatalysts. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 98:106503. [PMID: 37393853 PMCID: PMC10316695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Developing green, environmental, sustainable new energy sources is an important problem to be solved in the world. Among the new energy technologies, water splitting system, fuel cell technology and metal-air battery technology are the main energy production and conversion methods, which involve three main electrocatalytic reactions, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The efficiency of the electrocatalytic reaction and the power consumption are very dependent on the activity of the electrocatalysts. Among various electrocatalysts, the two-dimensional (2D) materials have received widespread attention due to multiple advantages, such as their easy availability and low price. What' important is that they have adjustable physical and chemical properties. It is possible to develop them as electrocatalysts to replace the noble metals. Therefore, the design of two-dimensional electrocatalysts is a focus in the research area. Some recent advances in ultrasound-assisted preparation of two-dimensional (2D) materials have been overviewed according to the kind of materials in this review. Firstly, the effect of the ultrasonic cavitation and its applications in the synthesis of inorganic materials are introduced. The ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of representative 2D materials for example transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), graphene, layered double metal hydroxide (LDH), and MXene, and their catalytic properties as electrocatalysts are discussed in detail. For example, the CoMoS4 electrocatalysts have been synthesized through a facile ultrasound-assisted hydrothermal method. The obatined HER and OER overpotential of CoMoS4 electrode is 141 and 250 mV, respectively. This review points out some problems that need to be solved urgently at present, and provides some ideas for designing and constructing two-dimensional materials with better electrocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuihua An
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province on Scale-span Intelligent Equipment Technology and School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516001, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province on Scale-span Intelligent Equipment Technology and School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Shikang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province on Scale-span Intelligent Equipment Technology and School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516001, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaopeng Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province on Scale-span Intelligent Equipment Technology and School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Qibo Deng
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province on Scale-span Intelligent Equipment Technology and School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Advanced Equipment Research Institute Co., Ltd. of HEBUT, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Libin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province on Scale-span Intelligent Equipment Technology and School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Advanced Equipment Research Institute Co., Ltd. of HEBUT, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Ning Hu
- Key Laboratory of Hebei Province on Scale-span Intelligent Equipment Technology and School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Advanced Equipment Research Institute Co., Ltd. of HEBUT, Tianjin 300401, China.
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Feng X, Liu H, Liu H, Jiang X, Shen L, Tang Y, Qu Q, Xiang D, Yan X, Mi Y. Synthesis of an ionic liquid demulsifier with double hydrophilic and hydrophobic chains. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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3
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Ozalp O, Soylak M. Microextraction Methods for the Separation-Preconcentration and Determination of Food Dyes: A Minireview. ANAL LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2023.2175212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Ozalp
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Soylak
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Demulsification of oily wastewater driven by an amine functionalized cellulose derived from waste cotton textiles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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5
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Kannouma RE, Hammad MA, Kamal AH, Mansour FR. Miniaturization of Liquid-Liquid extraction; the barriers and the enablers. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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6
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Synthesis, performance and mechanism of a hyperbranched polymer with diethyl diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine as centronucleus. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Zhang X, Zhang W, Zhao H. Ultrasound-assisted fabrication of Ti 3C 2Tx MXene toward enhanced energy storage performance. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 86:106024. [PMID: 35533433 PMCID: PMC9092489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ti3C2Tx MXenes are normally fabricated by removal of main group element from the corresponding transition metal carbides, and they have been actively studied due to their superior energy storage performance. However, the low efficiency in removal of main group element (named as chemical etching) has significantly limited the application of MXene or MXene-related materials. Herein, we demonstrated an ultrasound-assisted approach to synthesize Ti3C2Tx MXene material by using Ti3AlC2 as the precursor. The experimental results indicate that the efficiency of chemical etching of Ti3AlC2 was dramatically promoted by ultrasound. The etching time was greatly shortened to 8 h while typically 24 h is sufficient in dilute hydrofluoric acid. Particularly, the high etching efficiency was achieved by using 2% hydrofluoric acid under the aid of ultrasound, which is lower in concentration than those reported in the previous literature. The specific capacitance of the 8 h sonicated sample is 155F/g, which is much higher than that of the un-sonicated sample prepared under the same experimental conditions. Additionally, the specific capacitance retention of the prepared 8 h sonicated sample was 97.5% after 20,000 cycles of charging/discharging, exhibiting an outstanding energy storage stability compared with the materials reported in previous literatures. It was proposed that removal of AlF3 from the surface of the etched particles was significantly promoted and the hydrogen bonds between the terminations of two different adjacent layers were broken by the acoustic cavitation effect of ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110159, PR China
| | - Wu Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110159, PR China.
| | - Haitao Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110159, PR China
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Sulaiman U, Shah F, Khan RA. QuEChERS sample preparation integrated to dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidified floating organic droplet for spectrometric determination of sudan dyes: A synergistic approach. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 159:112742. [PMID: 34890759 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In this project, a synergistic approach has been proposed where a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) sample preparation technique was developed for the extraction of sudan III and sudan IV dyes in different spices prior to its dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidified floating organic droplet (DLLME-SFO). Initially, the sample was extracted by QuEChERS method and then preconcentrated through DLLME-SFO followed by spectrophotometric detection. All the experimental parameters i.e., volume of extraction solvent, pH, acetonitrile to water ratio, temperature, centrifugation rate and time, and sample volume were optimized. Limit of detection (LOD) calculated for sudan III and sudan IV were 0.42 and 0.35 mg/L, respectively. Excellent recoveries were obtained in the range of 98.29-99.88%. After validation through standard addition methodology, the developed QuEChERS@DLLME-SFO method was successfully applied to determine sudan (III-IV) dyes in real spices samples. Integration of QuEChERS and DLLME-SFO was found to be a suitable substitute to eliminate the usage of costly primary secondary amines and other sorbents. The synergistic approach of QuEChERS and DLLME-SFO with the aid of UV/visible spectrophotometry makes it prompt, cost effective technique with excellent analytical figures of merit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Sulaiman
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Faheem Shah
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Rafaqat Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
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Sun Y, Guo Y, Ren J, Ji L, Zhang Q. Electromagnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction based on polyaniline-coated magnetite/silica materials for the determination of Sudan red I in drinks. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3279-3286. [PMID: 34223701 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
By replacing the permanent magnet with an electromagnet, traditional magnetic solid-phase extraction was developed into electromagnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction. A simple operation of power on and off can realize the separation of adsorbents from solutions easily. The improvement makes it possible for the automation of the determination of Sudan Red I by high-performance liquid chromatography. After series of optimization, a trace amount of Sudan red I was well-determined, and excellent linearity was achieved in the range of 0.005 to 1 mg/L with the correlation coefficient (R2 ) = 0.997. The limit of detection with a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 was found to be 0.001 mg/L. The spiked recoveries of Sudan red I for the samples ranged from 93.6 to 104.9%. Moreover, the adsorbent could be recycled at least ten times. The results show that the electromagnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography is a rapid, eco-friendly, effective, and sensitive determination method with fascinating automation potential and high practical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqing Sun
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yugao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jianpo Ren
- Sinochem Hebei Co. Ltd., Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Lieyi Ji
- Sinochem Hebei Co. Ltd., Shijiazhuang, P. R. China
| | - Qingyin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, P. R. China
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Ge D, Shan Z, Pang T, Lu X, Wang B. Preparation of new hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents and their application in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of Sudan dyes from food samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:3873-3880. [PMID: 33963882 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a new generation of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was prepared using eugenol (as hydrogen bond donor) and benzyltriethylammonium bromide, benzyltributylammonium bromide, benzyltriethylammonium chloride and benzyltributylammonium chloride (as hydrogen bond acceptor) in different molar ratios. These DESs were applied to vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of Sudan dyes from food samples, followed by high-performance liquid chromatographic determination. The influencing parameters, including the type of DES, amount of DES, extraction time, solution pH and salt addition, were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, a linear range of 2-1000 ng mL-1 with determination coefficients of <0.999 was obtained. Limits of detection and limits of quantification were in the range of 0.5 to 1 ng mL-1 and 2 to 3 ng mL-1, respectively. The proposed method was successfully used in the determination of Sudan dyes in chili sauce, chili powder and ketchup, and satisfactory recoveries of between 89.9 and 119.3% were obtained, with relative standard deviations in the range of 0.1-6.8%. The proposed method is simple, green and efficient, and can be applied to determine Sudan dyes in complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Ge
- Department of Chemical Science & Technology, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, Yuannan, China.
| | - Zhizhuo Shan
- Department of Chemical Science & Technology, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, Yuannan, China
| | - Tongqing Pang
- Department of Chemical Science & Technology, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, Yuannan, China
| | - Xiaomin Lu
- Department of Chemical Science & Technology, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, Yuannan, China
| | - Baoling Wang
- Department of Chemical Science & Technology, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, Yuannan, China
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11
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Sricharoen P, Kongsri S, Kukusamude C, Areerob Y, Nuengmatcha P, Chanthai S, Limchoowong N. Ultrasound-irradiated synthesis of 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane-modified hydroxyapatite derived from fish-scale residues followed by ultrasound-assisted organic dyes removal. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5560. [PMID: 33692430 PMCID: PMC7946890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85206-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a novel method for the synthesis of 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane-modified hydroxyapatite (FHAP-SH) derived from fish-scale residues by using ultrasound irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used for the FHAP-SH characterization. Then, the organic dye adsorption on the FHAP-SH was monitored through an ultrasound process. After the dye removal optimization, significant improvements were observed in the maximum adsorption capacities for Congo Red (CR, 500 mg g-1), Coomassie Brilliant Blue G 250 (CB, 235 mg g-1), and Malachite Green (MG, 625 mg g-1). The adsorption behaviors of these dyes were fitted by using the Langmuir isotherm model with a high coefficient of determination values ranging from 0.9985 to 0.9969. The adsorption of the three dyes onto FHAP-SH was an endothermic process based on the adsorption thermodynamics model, while the adsorption kinetics analysis of the dyes presented a good alignment with the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The FHAP-SH exhibits a remarkably high adsorption capacity, is inexpensive, and fulfills the ecofriendly requirements of dye wastewater treatment, especially in the textile industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phitchan Sricharoen
- Nuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), 9/9 Moo 7, Tambon Saimoon, Ongkharak, Nakhon Nayok, 26120, Thailand
| | - Supalak Kongsri
- Nuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), 9/9 Moo 7, Tambon Saimoon, Ongkharak, Nakhon Nayok, 26120, Thailand
| | - Chunyapuk Kukusamude
- Nuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), 9/9 Moo 7, Tambon Saimoon, Ongkharak, Nakhon Nayok, 26120, Thailand
| | - Yonrapach Areerob
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand
| | - Prawit Nuengmatcha
- Nanomaterials Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80280, Thailand
| | - Saksit Chanthai
- Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Nunticha Limchoowong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand.
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Sivrikaya Ozak S, Yılmaz Y. Ultrasound-assisted hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent based solid-liquid microextraction of Sudan dyes in spice samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 236:118353. [PMID: 32320916 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An environmentally friendly, simple method was carried out with the help of an ultrasonic assisted solid-liquid microextraction technique using a new deep eutectic solvent (DES) for the extraction and determination of Sudan dyes (I-IV) in spice samples. In this method, parameters affecting the optimization were researched and optimized such as DES composition, DES volume, ultrasonic time, temperature and, centrifuge time. The analytical performance of the developed method was quite satisfactory, the R2 values were higher than 0.9989, and the limits of quantification were <1.17 μg g-1. Two different concentrations (10-50 μg g-1) were spiked to Chili peppers, paprika, cumin and sumac spices for the applicability and accuracy of the developed microextraction method. Some of these spices were found to contain Sudan I and IV dyes. The recovery values for spiked samples were found to be between 85.55% and 99.29% and relative standard deviations were found to be <3.17% when using a 10 μg g-1 Sudan dyes concentration. The results showed that the developed method can be successfully applied for extraction and determination of Sudan dyes in spice samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezen Sivrikaya Ozak
- Polymer Engineering Department, Technology Faculty, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey.
| | - Yunus Yılmaz
- Chemistry Department, Institute of Science, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
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Ujwaldev SM, Rohit KR, Radhika S, Anilkumar G. Sonochemistry in Transition Metal Catalyzed Cross-coupling Reactions: Recent Developments. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666191118103844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
:
Transition metal catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have always been very important
in synthetic organic chemistry due to their versatility in forming all sorts of carbon-carbon
and carbon-hetero atom bonds. Incorporation of ultrasound assistance to these protocols resulted
in milder reaction conditions, faster reaction rates, etc. This review focuses on the contributions
made by ultrasound-assisted protocols towards transition metal catalyzed crosscoupling
reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K. R. Rohit
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - Sankaran Radhika
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
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Non-destructive Raman spectroscopy as a tool for measuring ASTA color values and Sudan I content in paprika powder. Food Chem 2019; 274:187-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.08.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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15
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Preconcentration and trace determination of copper (II) in Thai food recipes using Fe 3 O 4 @Chi–GQDs nanocomposites as a new magnetic adsorbent. Food Chem 2017; 230:388-397. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yang M, Hong K, Li X, Ge F, Tang Y. Freezing temperature controlled deep eutectic solvent dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplets for rapid determination of benzoylureas residual in water samples with assistance of metallic salt. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11030h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent worked as an extractant to extract benzoylureas with assistance of FeCl3 contained dispersive-demulsified solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyi Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia China Academy of Chinese Medical Science
- Beijing 100700
- China
| | - Kun Hong
- Institute of Chinese Materia China Academy of Chinese Medical Science
- Beijing 100700
- China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia China Academy of Chinese Medical Science
- Beijing 100700
- China
| | - Fangji Ge
- Institute of Chinese Materia China Academy of Chinese Medical Science
- Beijing 100700
- China
| | - Yuqing Tang
- Institute of Chinese Materia China Academy of Chinese Medical Science
- Beijing 100700
- China
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