Top of the line corrosion: causes, mechanisms, and mitigation using corrosion inhibitors

First-Principles Study on the Adsorption Characteristics of Corrosive Species on Passive Film TiO2 in a NaCl Solution Containing H2S and CO2

The adsorption characteristics of corrosive anions (Cl−, HS−, S2−, HCO3− and CO32−) on TiO2 of TC4 titanium alloy in a NaCl solution containing H2S and CO2 were studied by density functional theory (DFT). The stable adsorption configuration of each corrosive species on the TiO2 (110) surface was obtained by geometric optimization, and the electronic structure and interface binding energy were calculated and analyzed. The results showed that the optimal adsorption positions of Cl−, HS−, S2−, HCO3−and CO32− on TiO2 (110) were all bridge positions. There was a strong charge interaction between the negatively charged Cl, S and O atoms in Cl−, HS−, S2−, HCO3− and CO32− and the positively charged Ti atoms of TiO2. The interface bonding was mainly caused by charge movement from around Ti atoms to around Cl, O, S atoms. The energy levels were mainly caused by the electron orbital hybridization of Cl-3p5, S-3p4, O-2p4 and Ti-3d2. All adsorption configurations were chemical adsorption. The order of influence of the five ions on the stability of TiO2 was S2− > CO32− > Cl− > HS− > HCO3−. Finally, a novel corrosion mechanism was proposed to illustrate the dynamic evolution processes of pits.