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Presenjit, Chaturvedi S, Singh A, Gautam D, Singh K, Mishra AK. An Insight into the Effect of Schiff Base and their d and f Block Metal Complexes on Various Cancer Cell Lines as Anticancer Agents: A Review. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:488-503. [PMID: 38279753 DOI: 10.2174/0118715206280314231201111358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, an alarming rise in the percentage of individuals with cancer and those with multi-resistant illnesses has forced researchers to explore possibilities for novel therapeutic approaches. Numerous medications currently exist to treat various disorders, and the development of small molecules as anticancer agents has considerable potential. However, the widespread prevalence of resistance to multiple drugs in cancer indicates that it is necessary to discover novel and promising compounds with ideal characteristics that could overcome the multidrug resistance issue. The utilisation of metallo-drugs has served as a productive anticancer chemotherapeutic method, and this approach may be implemented for combating multi-resistant tumours more successfully. Schiff bases have been receiving a lot of attention as a group of compounds due to their adaptable metal chelating abilities, innate biologic properties, and versatility to tweak the structure to optimise it for a specific biological purpose. The biological relevance of Schiff base and related complexes, notably their anticancer effects, has increased in their popularity as bio-inorganic chemistry has progressed. As a result of learning about Schiff bases antitumor efficacy against multiple cancer cell lines and their complexes, researchers are motivated to develop novel, side-effect-free anticancer treatments. According to study reports from the past ten years, we are still seeking a powerful anticancer contender. This study highlights the potential of Schiff bases, a broad class of chemical molecules, as potent anticancer agents. In combination with other anticancer strategies, they enhance the efficacy of treatment by elevating the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy, surmounting drug resistance, and promoting targeted therapy. Schiff bases also cause cancer cell DNA repair, improve immunotherapy, prevent angiogenesis, cause apoptosis, and lessen the side effects of chemotherapy. The present review explores the development of potential Schiff base and their d and f block metal complexes as anticancer agents against various cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Presenjit
- Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, 110054, Delhi, India
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, 226025, Lucknow, India
| | - Shubhra Chaturvedi
- Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, 110054, Delhi, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Department of Zoology, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Divya Gautam
- Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, 110054, Delhi, India
- Centre of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kaman Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, 226025, Lucknow, India
| | - Anil Kumar Mishra
- Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, 110054, Delhi, India
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Thakor P, Patel RJ, Giri RK, Chaki SH, Khimani AJ, Vaidya YH, Thakor P, Thakkar AB, Patel JD. Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, Thermal Investigation, Computational Studies, Molecular Docking, and In Vitro Biological Activities of a New Schiff Base Derived from 2-Chloro Benzaldehyde and 3,3'-Dimethyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:33069-33082. [PMID: 37720740 PMCID: PMC10500648 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The current research involves the synthesis of a new Schiff base through the reaction between 2-chlorobenzaldehyde and 3,3'-dimethyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine by using a natural acid catalyst and a synthesized compound physicochemically characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H- and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Thermal studies were conducted using thermogravimetric, differential thermal analysis, and differential thermogravimetric curves. These curves were obtained in an inert nitrogen environment from ambient temperature to 1263 K using heating rates of 10, 15, and 20 K·min-1. Using thermocurve data, model-free isoconversional techniques such as Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, and Friedman are used to determine kinetic parameters. These parameters include activation energy, phonon frequency factor, activation enthalpy, activation entropy, and Gibb's free energy change. All of the results have been thoroughly investigated. The molecule's anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic properties were also examined. To learn more about the potential of the Schiff base and how successfully it can suppress the amylase enzyme, a molecular docking experiment was also conducted. For in silico research, the Swiss Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity algorithms were used to calculate the theoretical pharmacokinetic properties, oral bioavailability, toxic effects, and biological activities of the synthesized molecule. Moreover, the cytotoxicity tests against a human lung cancer cell line (A549) using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay demonstrated that the synthesized Schiff base exhibited significant anticancer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priteshkumar
M. Thakor
- Department
of Chemistry, Shri Alpesh N. Patel Post
Graduate Institute of Science and Research, Anand 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajesh J. Patel
- Department
of Chemistry, Shri Alpesh N. Patel Post
Graduate Institute of Science and Research, Anand 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - Ranjan Kr. Giri
- P.
G. Department of Physics, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120, Gujarat, India
| | - Sunil H. Chaki
- P.
G. Department of Physics, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120, Gujarat, India
| | - Ankurkumar J. Khimani
- Department
of Physics, Shri Alpesh N. Patel Post Graduate
Institute of Science and Research, Anand 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - Yati H. Vaidya
- Department
of Microbiology, Shri Alpesh N. Patel Post
Graduate Institute of Science and Research, Anand 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - Parth Thakor
- B.
D. Patel Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT campus, Changa 388421, Gujarat, India
| | - Anjali B. Thakkar
- P. G. Department
of Biosciences and P. G. Department of Applied and Interdisciplinary
Sciences, Sardar Patel University, Anand 388120, Gujarat, India
| | - Jatin D. Patel
- Department
of Chemistry, Shri Alpesh N. Patel Post
Graduate Institute of Science and Research, Anand 388001, Gujarat, India
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Ugwu DI, Conradie J. Metal complexes derived from bidentate ligands: Synthesis, catalytic and biological applications. Inorganica Chim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2023.121518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Bioactivity Study of Novel Hybrid Benzimidazole Urea Derivatives: A Promising α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitor Candidate with Antioxidant Activity. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020457. [PMID: 36839780 PMCID: PMC9963656 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel series of benzimidazole ureas 3a-h were elaborated using 2-(1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl) aniline 1 and the appropriate isocyanates 2a-h. The antioxidant and possible antidiabetic activities of the target benzimidazole-ureas 3a-h were evaluated. Almost all compounds 3a-h displayed strong to moderate antioxidant activities. When tested using the three antioxidant techniques, TAC, FRAP, and MCA, compounds 3b and 3c exhibited marked activity. The most active antioxidant compound in this family was compound 3g, which had excellent activity using four different methods: TAC, FRAP, DPPH-SA, and MCA. In vitro antidiabetic assays against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes revealed that the majority of the compounds tested had good to moderate activity. The most favorable results were obtained with compounds 3c, 3e, and 3g, and analysis revealed that compounds 3c (IC50 = 18.65 ± 0.23 μM), 3e (IC50 = 20.7 ± 0.06 μM), and 3g (IC50 = 22.33 ± 0.12 μM) had good α-amylase inhibitory potential comparable to standard acarbose (IC50 = 14.21 ± 0.06 μM). Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of 3c (IC50 = 17.47 ± 0.03 μM), 3e (IC50 = 21.97 ± 0.19 μM), and 3g (IC50 = 23.01 ± 0.12 μM) on α-glucosidase was also comparable to acarbose (IC50 = 15.41 ± 0.32 μM). According to in silico molecular docking studies, compounds 3a-h had considerable affinity for the active sites of human lysosomal acid α-glucosidase (HLAG) and pancreatic α-amylase (HPA), indicating that the majority of the examined compounds had potential anti-hyperglycemic action.
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Yang Y, Liang S, Geng H, Xiong M, Li M, Su Q, Jia F, Zhao Y, Wang K, Jiang J, Qin S, Li X. Proteomics revealed the crosstalk between copper stress and cuproptosis, and explored the feasibility of curcumin as anticancer copper ionophore. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:638-647. [PMID: 36395954 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As an essential micronutrient element in organisms, copper controls a host of fundamental cellular functions. Recently, copper-dependent cell growth and proliferation have been defined as "cuproplasia". Conversely, "cuproptosis" represents copper-dependent cell death, in a nonapoptotic manner. So far, a series of copper ionophores have been developed to kill cancer cells. However, the biological response mechanism of copper uptake has not been systematically analyzed. Based on quantitative proteomics, we revealed the crosstalk between copper stress and cuproptosis in cancer cells, and also explored the feasibility of curcumin as anticancer copper ionophore. Copper stress not only couples with cuproptosis, but also leads to reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress, oxidative damage and cell cycle arrest. In cancer cells, a feedback cytoprotection mechanism involving cuproptosis mediators was discovered. During copper treatment, the activation of glutamine transporters and the loss of Fe-S cluster proteins are the facilitators and results of cuproptosis, respectively. Through copper depletion, glutathione (GSH) blocks the cuproptosis process, rescues the activation of glutamine transporters, and prevents the loss of Fe-S cluster proteins, except for protecting cancer cells from apoptosis, protein degradation and oxidative damage. In addition, the copper ionophore curcumin can control the metabolisms of lipids, RNA, NADH and NADPH in colorectal cancer cells, and also up-regulates positive cuproptosis mediators. This work not only established the crosstalk between copper stress and cuproptosis, but also discolored the suppression and acceleration of cuproptosis by GSH and curcumin, respectively. Our results are significant for understanding cuproptosis process and developing novel anticancer reagents based on cuproptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Engineering Center of Performance Chemicals, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shuyu Liang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hongen Geng
- School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Xiong
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Engineering Center of Performance Chemicals, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China
| | - Man Li
- School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qian Su
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 401120, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Fang Jia
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Engineering Center of Performance Chemicals, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yimei Zhao
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Engineering Center of Performance Chemicals, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Engineering Center of Performance Chemicals, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China
| | - Si Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 401120, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Engineering Center of Performance Chemicals, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, PR China.
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