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Li J, Yin YZ, Zhang J, Puts M, Li H, Lyu MM, Wang AN, Chen OY, Zhang JP. A latent profile analysis of resilience and their relation to differences in sleep quality in patients with lung cancer. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:155. [PMID: 38347229 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep problems are a significant issue in patients with lung cancer, and resilience is a closely related factor. However, few studies have identified subgroups of resilience and their relationship with sleep quality. This study aimed to investigate whether there are different profiles of resilience in patients with lung cancer, to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of each subgroup, and to determine the relationship between resilience and sleep quality in different subgroups. METHODS A total of 303 patients with lung cancer from four tertiary hospitals in China completed the General Sociodemographic sheet, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Latent profile analysis was applied to explore the latent profiles of resilience. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the sociodemographic variables in each profile, and ANOVA was used to explore the relationships between resilience profiles and sleep quality. RESULTS The following three latent profiles were identified: the "high-resilience group" (30.2%), the "moderate-resilience group" (46.0%), and the "low-resilience group" (23.8%). Gender, place of residence, and average monthly household income significantly influenced the distribution of resilience in patients with lung cancer. CONCLUSION The resilience patterns of patients with lung cancer varied. It is suggested that health care providers screen out various types of patients with multiple levels of resilience and pay more attention to female, rural, and poor patients. Additionally, individual differences in resilience may provide an actionable means for addressing sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yi-Zhen Yin
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Nursing, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Martine Puts
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T1P8, Canada
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Meng-Meng Lyu
- Alice Lee Center for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - An-Ni Wang
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ou-Ying Chen
- School of Nursing, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
| | - Jing-Ping Zhang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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Wang W, Zhang J, Zheng X, Li G, Zhou Y. Heterogeneity of resilience and the curvilinear relationship between childhood trauma and resilience among people with schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1082000. [PMID: 37255684 PMCID: PMC10225606 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1082000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As a group with a high incidence of childhood trauma, the differential characteristics of resilience in schizophrenia and its relationship with childhood trauma are still unclear. Methods A total of 626 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia were selected from four psychiatric hospitals in northern China. Childhood trauma and resilience were measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-short form (CTQ-SF) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), respectively. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify the potential classes of resilience. A generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) and restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to explore and determine the shape of the relationship between childhood trauma and resilience. Results Model fits of LPA showed three heterogeneous classes of resilience: moderate resilience levels (n = 312; 49.06%); high resilience levels (n = 171; 26.89%) and low resilience levels (n = 153; 24.06%). Resilience scores fluctuated depending on amount of exposure to childhood trauma. The GAMM results verified the non-linear relationship between resilience and childhood trauma, with an estimated degree of freedom higher than 1 (4.573) and p = 0.003. RCS fitted for ordinary least square (OLS) regression models determined a smooth continuous cubic curve of resilience across childhood trauma levels, and the two turning points of the curve line were 41.04 and 54.74 for childhood trauma. Discussion Our findings confirm the people-specific differences in the level of resilience in schizophrenia and describe the cubic curvilinear relationship between childhood trauma and resilience, which provides data support for mechanistic research and intervention in related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Wang
- School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- School of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Sengong Red Cross General Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xinzhu Zheng
- School of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The First Psychiatric Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guohua Li
- Chifeng Anding Hospital, Chifeng, China
| | - Yuqiu Zhou
- School of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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The implementation of a community-centered first aid education program for older adults-community health workers perceived barriers. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:128. [PMID: 36755241 PMCID: PMC9905768 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09142-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults are a high-risk group for accidental injuries, and strengthening training in first aid for older adults can improve their first aid capabilities and minimize their post-accident mortality. Community health workers are the greatest option to equip older adults with first aid instruction and training. However, the development of first aid education for the public by community health workers fails to take into account the elderly population. In view of this, this study aims to explore the barriers and challenges of first aid training for older adults from the perspective of community health workers and to provide a basis for better first-aid training for older adults in the community. METHODS This study adopted a qualitative research design. A total of 18 community health workers were recruited from two community health service centers in Qujing and one community health service center in Guangzhou from May to July 2022 to participate in the study. Participants were interviewed face-to-face using semi-structured in-depth interviews. The interview data were analyzed using Krippendorff's thematic clustering technique. RESULTS The results of the study identified community health workers' perceived challenges and barriers to providing first aid training to older adults in the community as older adults-level barriers, community health workers-level barriers, management systems-level barriers, and society-level barriers. CONCLUSIONS Community health workers are highly aware of multiple barriers and challenges in providing first aid training to community-based elderly populations. In particular, lack of professional training, heavy workloads, and limited resources and financial support. Therefore, supportive training, policies, and government funding are crucial for community health workers to conduct first aid training for older adults.
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Wei L, Xu J, Luo C, Lu R, Shi H. Latent Profile Analysis of Self-Supporting Ability among Rural Empty-Nesters in Northwestern China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:711. [PMID: 36613031 PMCID: PMC9819806 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the multi-faceted self-supporting ability profiles of rural empty-nesters in northwestern China on the basis of the self-care ability, economic self-support ability, health self-maintenance ability, physical health self-maintenance ability, and psychological health self-maintenance ability using latent profile analysis. It identified the association of self-supporting ability profiles with demographic variables and sense of coherence. The analysis included 1066 participants (mean age = 70.2; SD = 4.3). The results of latent profile analysis identified three distinctive patterns of self-supporting ability―low physical health self-maintenance ability (C1, 20.5%), low psychological health self-maintenance ability (C2, 31.4%), and high social self-adaption ability (C3, 48.0%). The specific demographic variable age (p < 0.05), monthly income (p < 0.05), education level (p < 0.05), how often their children visit (p < 0.05), how often their children contact them (p < 0.05), whether they drink (p < 0.05), the frequency of physical exercise (p < 0.05), relationship with children (p < 0.05), relationship with neighbours (p < 0.05), medical insurance (p < 0.05), and the number of chronic diseases (p < 0.05) were significantly different among the identified three profiles. A statistically significant positive association existed between self-supporting ability profiles and sense of coherence (SOC) (p < 0.001). The results of multinomial logistic regression showed that a greater sense of coherence (SOC), age ≥ 80, monthly income (RMB) (RMB is the abbreviation for Renminbi) < 1000, a good relationship with neighbours, and one type of chronic disease were significantly associated with C1 when compared with C3 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a greater SOC, their children visiting and contacting them many times per week or once per week were more significantly related to C2 than to C3 (p < 0.05). This study revealed three groups of self-supporting ability and its related predictors in empty-nesters. The predictors related to particular classes of self-supporting ability can provide information for targeted interventions to improve the self-supporting ability of empty-nesters living in rural areas.
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Yu-ting Y, Miao Y, Yong-wei Y, Qiong Y, Ting L. Relationships between children-related factors, basic psychological need satisfaction, and multiple happiness among urban empty-nesters in China: a structural equation modeling. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:925. [PMID: 36457076 PMCID: PMC9713964 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03640-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging and empty-nesting in China are becoming more and more serious. Empty-nesters refer to older adults who were not living with their children, were living alone, or were living independently with their spouses. The mental health of empty-nesters needs timely attention. Satisfying the needs of older adults is primarily dependent on their children. Therefore, this study aimed to explore relationships between children-related factors, basic psychological need satisfaction, and multiple happiness among urban empty-nesters in China. METHODS This study employs the Children-related Factors Questionnaire (CFQ), the Chinese Version of the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction (BPNS) Scale, and the Multiple Happiness Questionnaire (MHQ) to explore children-related factors, basic psychological need satisfaction and multiple happiness of urban empty-nesters in Fuzhou, China. A total of 507 samples were recruited by cluster sampling. RESULTS Factors that affect BPNS include physical condition, the number of children, satisfaction with children's marriage, employment and income, retirement, gender, monthly personal income, and self-care have statistical differences (P < 0.05). Factors that affect MHQ include physical condition, the number of children, satisfaction with children's marriage, employment and income, gender, monthly personal income, living status, and self-care have statistical significances (P < 0.05). Structural equation model results showed that BPNS directly impacted MHQ, and factors about children indirectly affect MHQ through BPNS. The mediating role of BPNS in the relationship between children-related factors and MHQ. CONCLUSION We should encourage our children to spend more time with the empty-nesters and communicate with them, which could help them relieve their negative emotions, satisfy their psychological needs, and improve their well-being. TRIAL REGISTRATION Reg date: 20/08/2021; No. ChiCTR2100050175.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu-ting
- grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Nursing Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian China ,grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian China
| | - Yao Miao
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian China
| | - Yang Yong-wei
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian China
| | - Ye Qiong
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian China ,grid.440851.c0000 0004 6064 9901Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, Fujian China
| | - Lin Ting
- grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian China
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Kabiri M, Namdari K, Abedi A. Psychological Resilience Level after Cognitive-Behavior Therapy in Old People with Empty Nest Syndrome - A single-case Experimental Design. Clin Gerontol 2022; 46:446-456. [PMID: 35950313 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2108361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT) on resilience in old people with "empty nest syndrome." METHODS Three older adults with empty nest syndrome underwent CBT for 8 weeks in a single-case experimental design. Changes in resilience were tracked through measurements at baseline, intervention, and follow-up. Visual analysis as well as an effect size index of Percentage of Nonoverlapping Data (PND) were then analyzed. RESULTS CBT resulted in a significant increase in psychological resilience for all three participants across the intervention phase. Follow-up data showed that all subjects were able to maintain their resiliency four weeks after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS This single-case experimental study supports the hypothesis that CBT improves resiliency in old people with empty nest syndrome. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Cognitive Behavior Therapy is effective in increasing resiliency in old people with empty nest syndrome. The culture dynamics is an important component in the emergence and persistence of empty nest syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Kabiri
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kourosh Namdari
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Abedi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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Seeking medical services among rural empty-nest elderly in China: a qualitative study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:202. [PMID: 35287598 PMCID: PMC8922892 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-02911-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The number of empty-nest elderly in China is rapidly increasing. Empty-nest elderly could not receive adequate daily care, economic support and spiritual consolation from their children. Rural empty-nest elderly are facing more serious health challenges than those in urban areas. Objective This study aimed to understand the experiences of rural empty-nest elderly in seeking medical services in China. Methods The method of inductive content analysis was used to collect and analyze data. Data were collected by in-depth interviews. A total number of 16 participants were involved in this study. A semi-structured interview guideline, which was discussed in depth and agreed upon by all researchers, was used to encourage participants to talk about their experiences in seeking medical services. Results Rural empty-nest elderly is facing a great challenge in seeking medical services in China. There are some barriers for rural nest elderly to get access to healthcare services, such as low-income status, high expenditure of medical treatment and inadequate health insurance coverage. Due to the absence of the companionship of their adult children, empty-nest elderly have to rely on their neighbors and relatives to seek medical services. Conclusions Rural empty-nest elderly have great difficulty in seeking medical services in China. More efforts should be made to get medical services more accessible to rural empty-nest elderly.
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Zhang J, Wang X, Xu T, Li J, Li H, Wu Y, Li Y, Chen Y, Zhang JP. The effect of resilience and self-efficacy on nurses' compassion fatigue: A cross-sectional study. J Adv Nurs 2021; 78:2030-2041. [PMID: 34825731 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To measure the prevalence of compassion fatigue among Chinese clinical nurses and to examine the effects of resilience and self-efficacy on compassion fatigue. DESIGN A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted in accordance with the STROBE guidelines. METHODS Participants were recruited from three tertiary hospitals in central China from October 3 to December 15, 2019, using convenience sampling. Clinical nurses (n = 992) from different nursing departments completed the General Information Questionnaire, Professional Quality of Life Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson or Spearman's correlation analyses, and multiple linear regression models were used. RESULTS Nurses experienced moderate levels of compassion fatigue (burnout and secondary traumatic stress). Resilience and self-efficacy were significantly negatively correlated with burnout but not with secondary traumatic stress. Linear regression analysis showed that resilience, self-efficacy, exercise, and physical conditions were the main predictors of burnout. Only physical conditions and marital status significantly predicted secondary traumatic stress. CONCLUSION Nurses are vulnerable to compassion fatigue in China. Resilience and self-efficacy significantly negatively predicted nurses' compassion fatigue. Physical conditions, healthy lifestyles, and social support are also important factors for compassion fatigue. IMPACT Our findings can be used to generate targeted intervention and coping strategies for nurses to improve their resilience and self-efficacy to alleviate compassion fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Nursing Psychology Research Center, Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianqing Xu
- Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Juan Li
- Nursing Psychology Research Center, Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huiyuan Li
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Yifei Li
- Nursing Psychology Research Center, Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Jing-Ping Zhang
- Nursing Psychology Research Center, Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Zhang C, Cai Y, Xue Y, Zheng X, Yang X, Lu J, Hou L, Li M. Exploring the influencing factors of quality of life among the empty nesters in Shanxi, China: a structural equation model. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19:156. [PMID: 34049560 PMCID: PMC8161619 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01793-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As China’s aging trend intensifies and the proportion of empty nests increases, the health-related quality of life of the elderly is the focus of social attention. Previous studies focused on the quality of life of the elderly, rather than empty nesters, and lacked the discussion of the mechanism of influencing factors. Thus, this study aimed to explore the influencing factors of the quality of life (QOL) and interaction mechanisms among empty nesters in Shanxi Province, China, so as to provide practical reference for improving the QOL of empty nesters. Methods A total of 4901 empty nesters in Shanxi Province, China, were selected using multi-stage random cluster sampling method in this cross-sectional study. The quality of life was assessed with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). Multiple linear regression analysis (stepwise) was performed to examine the factor associated with QOL. Structural equation model (SEM) approach was conducted to test the direct and indirect association between QOL influencing factors with QOL. Results The average QOL score of empty nesters was 63.34 (SD = 17.23). The multiple linear regression revealed that gender, age, education, monthly income, drinking status, exercise frequency, physical examination frequency, attention to daily nutritional health, relationship with a spouse and relationship with children were significant predictors of the empty nester’s QOL (P < 0.05) (R2 = 0.128). SEM showed that behavioral lifestyle had a direct effect on QOL (β = 0.446, P < 0.001). Socio-economic status had an indirect effect (β = 0.288, P < 0.001) on QOL through behavioral lifestyle. The family relationship had an indirect effect (β = 0.115, P < 0.001) on QOL. Conclusion Behavioral lifestyle was the strongest influencing factor in the quality of life among empty nesters, followed by socio-economic status and family relationships. Thus, maintaining a healthy behavioral lifestyle was important to improve the QOL of the empty nesters. Our findings provide a concrete and strong reference for the formulation of targeted intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chichen Zhang
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, No. 1023, South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Yuan Cai
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yaqing Xue
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, No. 1023, South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, No. 1023, South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaozhao Yang
- School of Sociology and Anthropology Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiao Lu
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Lihong Hou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mimi Li
- Jincheng People's Hospital, Jincheng, Shanxi, China
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Hao X, Li M, Li J, Lv M, Qin Y, Li K. Sleep quality in relation to social support and resilience among rural empty-nest older adults in China. Sleep Med 2021; 82:193-199. [PMID: 33957415 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population ageing is a global problem, and one of the adverse effects in China is the rural empty-nest phenomenon, which is increasingly prominent. Recently, the sleep problems of rural empty nesters have gradually aroused attention. The purpose of this article was to investigate sleep quality and its influencing factors in rural empty nesters and explore the correlation between social support, resilience and sleep quality in the target population. METHODS This study investigated 250 empty nesters in six rural areas. Information on sociodemographics, sleep quality, social support and resilience was collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were used to determine the influencing factors of sleep quality. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the linear associations between social support, resilience and sleep quality. The mediating effect of resilience between social support and sleep quality was measured by bootstrap-mediated analysis. RESULTS The sleep quality score among rural empty nesters was 6.74 ± 3.80. Sleep quality was influenced significantly by marital status, monthly income, number of chronic diseases and frequency of communication with children. Besides, social support and resilience were significantly positively correlated with sleep quality. Resilience was not the only mediating variable between social support and sleep quality. CONCLUSION The sleep quality of rural empty nesters was poorer than those of the general rural older adults and affected by multiple factors. Moreover, social support and resilience had a positive impact on the sleep quality of rural empty nesters, which provided new ideas for exploring specific measures to improve their sleep quality in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Hao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Manman Li
- The Third Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Jing Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Miaohua Lv
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yuan Qin
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Kun Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effect of protective factors on the relationship between crisis episodes and depression in the elderly population in Taiwan.In this study, the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging was used as basis for a cross-sectional secondary data analysis. After eliminating respondents below the age of 65 years and those with missing values, 2426 samples were collected. Predictive variables, such as crisis episodes, personal resources, family ties, social participation, and social support, were investigated, and the dependent variable of "depression status" was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale.According to the results of regression analysis, the protective factors of self-assessed health (ß = -0.290, P < .001), instrumental support (ß = -0.153, P < .001), financial satisfaction (ß = -0.126, P < .001), emotional support (ß = -0.101, P < .001), crisis episodes (ß = 0.087, P < .001), support satisfaction (ß = -0.081, P < .001), leisure participation (ß = -0.053, P < .05), family ties (ß = -0.048, P < .05), and community participation (ß = -0.042, P < .05) had a significant effect on depression status. Moreover, leisure participation had a moderating effect on the relationship between crisis episodes and depression (ß = -0.07, P < .01). In addition, according to path analysis results, family ties had a significant negative predictive power on depression (β = -0.225, P < .001), as did social support (β = -0.978, P < .001). The predictive power of crisis episodes on depression through social support was 0.197 (-0.201 × -0.978 = 0.197, P < .001), and it was -0.324 (-0.331 × -0.978 = -0.324, P < .001) through social participation, which indicated that social support plays a mediating role between crisis episodes and depression and between social participation and depression.Strengthening effective protective factors can improve the resilience of elderly people and enable them to cope with dilemmas rapidly and effectively when faced with crisis episodes as well as restore their health status and enjoy a satisfactory life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Tzu Li
- National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Science
| | - Tao-Hsin Tung
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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