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Sabatini S, Turner SG, Clare L. Felt Age and Its Psychological Correlates in Dementia Spousal Caregiving Dyads: Findings From the IDEAL Programme. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2024; 79:gbae105. [PMID: 39011895 PMCID: PMC11266982 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbae105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence suggests spouses influence each other's subjective views on aging. Aligned with the Theory of Dyadic Illness Management, we investigated for the first time similarities in felt age (how old people feel relative to their chronological age) between people with dementia and their spousal caregivers, and how each partner's felt age was related to psychological correlates in the other partner. METHODS We used baseline (2014-2016) data from 1,001 people with dementia and their spousal caregivers who participated in the British Improving the experience of Dementia and Enhancing Active Life study. We ran linear regressions to analyze the extent to which the felt age of people with dementia and their caregivers were similar, and whether relationship quality was associated with the similarity. We utilized actor-partner interdependence models to analyze whether the felt age of people with dementia and their caregivers were associated with each other's well-being, satisfaction with life, and self-efficacy. RESULTS The felt age of people with dementia was associated with the felt age of their caregivers (β = 0.10; p = .001). Caregivers and people with dementia reported a more similar felt age when caregivers rated the caregiving relationship more positively (β = 0.07; p = .04). Caregivers' felt age was associated with well-being (β = 0.07; p = .02) and satisfaction with life (β = 0.06; p = .04), but not with self-efficacy, in people with dementia. DISCUSSION Felt age in caregivers and people with dementia may be interwoven, and important psychological variables in people with dementia are related to caregivers' felt age. Findings offer empirical evidence on dementia caregiving dynamics and how family relationships are related to views on aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shelbie G Turner
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Linda Clare
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration South-West Peninsula, Exeter, UK
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Joshanloo M. Purpose in Life Links Positive Aging Views to Life Satisfaction: A Within-Person Analysis Spanning 13 Years. J Appl Gerontol 2024; 43:471-480. [PMID: 38096586 DOI: 10.1177/07334648231217643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the relationship between positive perceptions of aging, purpose in life, and life satisfaction in older adults. It was hypothesized that purpose in life mediates the relationship between positive perceptions of one's aging and life satisfaction. This hypothesis was tested in a sample of older American adults from four waves of the Health and Retirement Study collected at 4-year intervals between 2008 and 2020 (N = 11,546, mean age in 2008 = 62.772). The random intercept cross-lagged panel model was used to separate within-person and between-person sources of variance. Mediation was tested at the longitudinal within-person level and was supported. Results suggest that an increase in positive perceptions of aging is associated with a future increase in purpose in life, which in turn is associated with higher future levels of life satisfaction. The findings inform interventions promoting positive aging, purpose, and life satisfaction in older adults.
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Kim J, Shin N. Development of the "living well" concept for older people with dementia. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:611. [PMID: 37773102 PMCID: PMC10542266 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An important goal in dementia care is how people with dementia can be supported in living well. To this end, we need a conceptualization of "living well" that is suitable for older people with dementia and then develop this conceptualization from the perspectives of both older people and caregivers. This study analyzed the concept of "living well" among older people with dementia. METHODS Following Schwartz-Barcott and Kim's hybrid model, this study comprised theoretical, fieldwork, and final analytic phases. In the theoretical phase, we reviewed the extant literature. In the fieldwork phase, we conducted in-depth interviews with 12 participants (five older people with dementia, two family members, and five nurses), followed by qualitative content analysis. In the final analytic phase, we defined the concept of "living well" by comprehensively analyzing the data from the theoretical phase and results from the fieldwork phase. RESULTS We derived physical, mental, and social relationship dimensions of the conceptualization of "living well" for older people with dementia. The physical dimensions were "ability for daily living" and "symptom management." The mental dimensions were "psychological health," "psychological stability," "maintaining identity and growth," and "human dignity." Finally, the social relationship dimensions were "maintaining social relations and community connectivity" and "government support." CONCLUSIONS Our analysis of the concept of "living well" can be used for developing tools and interventions to improve the ability of older people with dementia to live well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Nursing, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nayeon Shin
- Unit manager, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Sabatini S, Ukoumunne OC, Ballard C, Collins R, Kim S, Corbett A, Aarsland D, Hampshire A, Brooker H, Clare L. What does feeling younger or older than one's chronological age mean to men and women? Qualitative and quantitative findings from the PROTECT study. Psychol Health 2023; 38:324-347. [PMID: 34353194 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1960989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We explored which factors are associated with subjective age (SA), i.e. feeling younger, the same as, or older than one's chronological age, and whether these factors differ between men and women and between two age sub-groups. DESIGN Cross-sectional study using qualitative and quantitative data for 1457 individuals (mean age= 67.2 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants reported how old they feel they are and provided comments in relation to their SA judgments. RESULTS By using content analysis participants' comments were assigned to 13 categories, grouped into three higher-order categories (antecedents of age-related thoughts, mental processes, and issues when measuring subjective age). SA may result from the interaction between factors that increase or decrease age-related thoughts and mental processes that individuals use to interpret age-related changes. Chi-squared tests show that individuals reporting an older SA are more likely to experience significant negative changes and to engage in negative age-related thoughts than individuals reporting an age-congruent SA or a younger SA. Women experience a more negative SA and more age-salient events than men. CONCLUSION Individuals reporting an older SA may benefit from interventions promoting adaptation to negative age-related changes. There is the need to eradicate negative societal views of older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Sabatini
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Obioha C Ukoumunne
- NIHR ARC South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Clive Ballard
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Collins
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Sarang Kim
- Wicking Dementia Research & Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Anne Corbett
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Hampshire
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Brooker
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.,Ecog Pro Ltd, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Clare
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.,NIHR ARC South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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Sabatini S, Ukoumunne OC, Ballard C, Collins R, Corbett A, Brooker H, Clare L. Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations between Subjective Sleep Difficulties and Self-Perceptions of Aging. Behav Sleep Med 2022; 20:732-761. [PMID: 34689666 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2021.1994405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only one study has explored the associations of subjective sleep difficulties with self-perceptions of aging. It focused on a global indicator of self-perceptions of aging (subjective age) despite individuals reporting different experiences of aging in relation to different life domains. The concept of awareness of negative age-related change, capturing perceived losses across five domains (e.g., physical health, cognition), may be more appropriate when relating subjective sleep difficulties to self-perceptions of aging. We examined whether nine different indicators of subjective sleep difficulties predict levels of awareness of negative age-related change and subjective age, measured concurrently and one year later, while controlling for covariates (mood and daily function). PARTICIPANTS/METHODS We used data from the PROTECT cohort study; 4,482 UK residents (mean age = 66.1; SD = 6.9) completed measures of awareness of age-related change, subjective age, mood, daily function, and subjective sleep difficulties. RESULTS Based on linear regression analyses, poorer quality of sleep, lower alertness after awakening, satisfaction with sleep, depth of sleep, more frequent early awakening, difficulty falling asleep, more times awake during a night, fewer hours of sleep during the night and more hours of sleep during the day predicted higher awareness of negative age-related change at baseline and follow-up (p< .001). Associations were small in size. Associations between subjective sleep difficulties and subjective age were either negligible or statistically non-significant. CONCLUSIONS Although subjective sleep difficulties are one of the many factors associated with awareness of negative age-related change, addressing sleep difficulties, alongside negative mood, and poor daily functioning, may promote a small additional increase in positive self-perceptions of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Sabatini
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Obioha C Ukoumunne
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,Nihr Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (Penarc), University of Exeter, Exeter, NIHR, UK
| | - Clive Ballard
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Rachel Collins
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Anne Corbett
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Helen Brooker
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,Ecog Pro Ltd, Bristol, UK
| | - Linda Clare
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,Nihr Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (Penarc), University of Exeter, Exeter, NIHR, UK
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Differences in awareness of positive and negative age-related changes accounting for variability in health outcomes. Eur J Ageing 2022; 19:1087-1097. [PMID: 36692738 PMCID: PMC9729481 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-021-00673-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Higher awareness of positive age-related changes (AARC gains) is related to better mental health, whereas higher awareness of negative age-related changes (AARC losses) is related to poorer mental and physical health. So far perceived gains and losses have been explored separately, but people report gains and losses concurrently in varying degrees, and different profiles of gains and losses may be differentially associated with health. We identified profiles of gains and losses and explored whether different profiles differed in physical, mental, and cognitive health. We used cross-sectional data from the PROTECT study (N = 6192; mean (SD) age = 66.1 (7.0)). Using latent profile analysis, a four-class solution showed the best model fit. We found that 45% of people perceived many gains and few losses (Class 1); 24% perceived moderate gains and few losses (Class 2); 24% perceived many gains and moderate losses (Class 3); 7% perceived many gains and many losses (Class 4). Analysis of variance and Chi-squared tests showed that Class 1 had relatively better physical, mental, and cognitive health, followed by Classes 2, 3, and 4. Experiencing one's ageing to a high degree as gain may be related to better health only when individuals interpret ageing as involving low levels of loss across several life domains. Risk in terms of poorer health emerged in those who perceived high losses. Considering gains and losses in parallel, rather than separately, may lead to a more fine-tuned understanding of relations with health.
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Yao GY, Luo YY, Zhu B, Wu HM, Liu KL. Latent profile analysis of self-perceptions of ageing among Chinese community-dwelling older adults. Psychogeriatrics 2022; 22:11-21. [PMID: 34704645 PMCID: PMC9298122 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-perceptions of ageing (SPA) is an important predictor for physical and mental health of older adults in successful ageing. SPA is mainly studied from negative or positive perspectives using variable-centred methodologies. The aim of the current study was to explore distinct profiles of SPA among Chinese community-dwelling older adults using a person-centred method and validate the SPA profiles by examining associations with psychological outcomes. METHODS Participants aged 65 and over were randomly divided into test and validation samples (n = 451, respectively). SPA was measured by the Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire using latent profile analysis. RESULTS Three SPA profiles were identified. One adaptive subgroup was designated as 'Low ageing awareness and high positive control' (LAPC, 84.7% and 75% in both samples, respectively). Two maladaptive SPA subgroups were designated as 'Low positive consequences and control' (LPCC, 3.9% and 8.2% in both samples, respectively), and 'High ageing awareness and negative control' (HANC, 11.4% and 16.8% in both samples, respectively). Similar to negative/positive SPA, the HANC and LAPC subgroups showed the highest and lowest levels of depressive symptoms and cognitive decline. Low cognitive function was found in the LPCC subgroup. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the heterogeneity of older adults' SPA. SPA profiles may aid community healthcare providers in China to identify individuals with high risk of maladaptive SPA and to tailor targeted interventions for psychological health in later life. Distinct SPA profiles require different interventions targeting negative or positive control or both aspects. More positive control strategies might be beneficial for cognitive functioning in older adults from the LPCC subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Ying Yao
- Humanistic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan-Yan Luo
- Humanistic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui-Min Wu
- Humanistic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- Humanistic Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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Yang CE, Yeh TM, Chang CD, Shih WL. Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle Oil in Combination With Swimming Training Improves Spatial Memory and Sports Performance of Aging Rats. Front Physiol 2021; 12:660552. [PMID: 34122132 PMCID: PMC8194302 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.660552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, waste fat from the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) was used as the raw material, and soft-shelled turtle oil (SSTO) was extracted by water heating. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of SSTO revealed that unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) comprised more than 70% of the oil, of which more than 20% were omega-3 poly-UFAs. DPPH radical scavenging and cellular ROS assays confirmed the reduction of oxidative stress by SSTO. In D-galactose-induced aging rats, SSTO feeding alone or in combination with swimming training resulted in improved memory and physical strength. In addition, SSTO feeding with swimming intervention significantly increased the SOD level and maintained better blood pressure in the aged rats. The serum DHEAS and soleus muscle glycogen level were also highly correlated with SSTO feeding and swimming training. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that SSTO has the potential to be developed into a health food that exerts anti-aging effects, and those effects are stronger when combined with daily swimming exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-En Yang
- Office of Physical Education, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ming Yeh
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Taiwan.,General Research Service Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Dong Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Shih
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Taiwan
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