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Liu H, Lei D, Li J, Xin J, Zhang L, Fu L, Wang J, Zeng W, Yao C, Zhang Z, Wang S. MMP-2 Inhibitor-Mediated Tumor Microenvironment Regulation Using a Sequentially Released Bio-Nanosystem for Enhanced Cancer Photo-Immunotherapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:41834-41850. [PMID: 36073504 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) with natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy has shown great potential against cancers, but the shedding of NK group 2, member D ligands (NKG2DLs) on tumor cells inhibited NK cell activation in the tumor microenvironment. Herein, we assembled microenvironment-/light-responsive bio-nanosystems (MLRNs) consisting of SB-3CT-containing β-cyclodextrins (β-CDs) and photosensitizer-loaded liposomes, in which SB-3CT was considered to remodel the tumor microenvironment. β-CDs and liposomes were linked by metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) responsive peptides, enabling sequential release of SB-3CT and chlorin e6 triggered by the MMP-2-abundant tumor microenvironment and 660 nm laser irradiation, respectively. Released SB-3CT blocked tumor immune escape by antagonizing MMP-2 and promoting the NKG2D/NKG2DL pathway, while liposomes were taken up by tumor cells for PDT. MLRN-mediated photo-immunotherapy significantly induced melanoma cell cytotoxicity (83.31%), inhibited tumor growth (relative tumor proliferation rate: 1.13% of that of normal saline) in the xenografted tumor model, and enhanced tumor-infiltrating NK cell (148 times) and NKG2DL expression (9.55 and 16.52 times for MICA and ULBP-1, respectively), achieving a synergistic effect. This study not only provided a simple insight into the development of new nanomedicine for programed release of antitumor drugs and better integration of PDT and immunotherapy but also a novel modality for clinical NK cell-mediated immunotherapy against melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Dongqin Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Jiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Jing Xin
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Luwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
- School of Food Equipment Engineering and Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Lei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Weihui Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Cuiping Yao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Zhenxi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
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Le MN, Wuertz BR, Biel MA, Thompson RL, Ondrey FG. Effects of methylene blue photodynamic therapy on oral carcinoma and leukoplakia cells. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2022; 7:982-987. [PMID: 36000031 PMCID: PMC9392394 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Methylene blue (MB) is a readily available and affordable substrate that can be used as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The objective of this study was to determine if PDT with MB can downregulate matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) related to oral carcinoma. Methods Cell cultures of oral squamous cell carcinoma (CA‐9‐22), oral leukoplakia (MSK‐Leuk1), and immortalized keratinocytes (Rhek‐1A) were photosensitized with MB and treated with PDT. MMP‐9 gene expression was interrogated via qRT‐PCR. The 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to confirm the efficacy of MB PDT. Results MMP‐9 gene expression was found to be significantly decreased in oral carcinoma, leukoplakia, and immortalized keratinocytes with use of MB PDT. Conclusion This work demonstrates that MB‐mediated PDT can downregulate MMPs which are critical to the invasion and metastasis of oral cancer. These results suggest that MB PDT could be a clinically significant and cost‐effective treatment for oral leukoplakia and carcinoma. Level of Evidence NA
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina N. Le
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Beverly R. Wuertz
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Merrill A. Biel
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Rachel L. Thompson
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Frank G. Ondrey
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
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Majerník M, Jendželovský R, Fedoročko P. Potentiality, Limitations, and Consequences of Different Experimental Models to Improve Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer Treatment in Relation to Antiangiogenic Mechanism. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082118. [PMID: 32751731 PMCID: PMC7463805 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The relevance of experimentally gained information represents a long-term debating issue in the field of molecular biology research. The loss of original conditions in the in vitro environment affects various biological mechanisms and cellular interactions. Consequently, some biochemical mechanisms are lost or critically altered. Analyses in these modified conditions could, therefore, distort the relevancy of experimentally gained information. In some cases, the similarities with original conditions are so small that utilization of simpler in vitro models seems impossible, or could occur in a very limited way. To conclude, the study of more complex phenomena places higher demands on the complexity of the experimental model. The latest information highlights the fact that the tumor angiogenesis mechanism has very complex features. This complexity can be associated with a wide range of angiogenic factors expressed by a variety of malignant and non-malignant cells. Our article summarizes the results from various experimental models that were utilized to analyze a photodynamic therapy effect on tumor angiogenic mechanisms. Additionally, based on the latest information, we present the most important attributes and limitations of utilized experimental models. We also evaluate the essential problems associated with angiogenic mechanism induction after photodynamic therapy application.
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Olek M, Kasperski J, Skaba D, Wiench R, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A. Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of oral squamous carcinoma—Clinical implications resulting from in vitro research. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 27:255-267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Kawczyk-Krupka A, Kwiatek B, Czuba ZP, Mertas A, Latos W, Verwanger T, Krammer B, Sieroń A. Secretion of the angiogenic factor VEGF after photodynamic therapy with ALA under hypoxia-like conditions in colon cancer cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 21:16-18. [PMID: 29079348 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT), eliminates not only the tumor, but also modulates signaling factors release, e.g. vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which plays a crucial role in cancer progression. Assessment of the VEGF-secreting activity of resistant colon cancer cells in different degree of malignancy: SW480 and SW620 under hypoxia-like conditions during δ- aminolevulinic acid (ALA) PDT was the objective of our study. METHODS The colon cancer cell lines SW480 and SW620 were treated in sublethal doses with ALA PDT in hypoxia- like conditions with cobalt chloride (CoCl2). To assess cell viability, MTT assays were performed and the discrimination of the cell death mode was monitored via fluorescence microscopy. The cells cytotoxicity using LDH test was assessed. Determination of VEGF was carried out using the Bio- Plex Assay Pro™ kit on the Bio- Plex Suspension Array System. RESULTS ALA PDT used in sublethal doses decreases release of VEGF in more aggressively growing SW620 colon cancer cell line in hypoxia-like conditions. In addition the level of secretion of VEGF in SW620 was much higher than in SW480 cells, which correlates with the grade of aggressive growth of colon cancer cells. CONCLUSION Our outcomes offer evidence, that in hypoxia mimic condition sublethal ALA-PDT- mediated VEGF inhibition could be clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego Street 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
| | - Beata Kwiatek
- Specialist Hospital No2, Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Batorego Street 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Zenon P Czuba
- School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Anna Mertas
- School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Latos
- Specialist Hospital No2, Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Batorego Street 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
| | - Thomas Verwanger
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Barbara Krammer
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Aleksander Sieroń
- School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego Street 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
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Kawczyk-Krupka A, Sieroń-Stołtny K, Latos W, Czuba Z, Kwiatek B, Potempa M, Wasilewska K, Król W, Stanek A. ALA-induced photodynamic effect on vitality, apoptosis, and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by colon cancer cells in normoxic environment in vitro. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 13:308-315. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Jerjes W, Hopper C. Photodynamic Therapy for Advanced Malignancies and Palliation. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS IN OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1758-7_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
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Broekgaarden M, Weijer R, van Gulik TM, Hamblin MR, Heger M. Tumor cell survival pathways activated by photodynamic therapy: a molecular basis for pharmacological inhibition strategies. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2015; 34:643-90. [PMID: 26516076 PMCID: PMC4661210 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-015-9588-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional cancer therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. PDT comprises the administration of a photosensitizer, its accumulation in tumor tissue, and subsequent irradiation of the photosensitizer-loaded tumor, leading to the localized photoproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The resulting oxidative damage ultimately culminates in tumor cell death, vascular shutdown, induction of an antitumor immune response, and the consequent destruction of the tumor. However, the ROS produced by PDT also triggers a stress response that, as part of a cell survival mechanism, helps cancer cells to cope with the PDT-induced oxidative stress and cell damage. These survival pathways are mediated by the transcription factors activator protein 1 (AP-1), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and those that mediate the proteotoxic stress response. The survival pathways are believed to render some types of cancer recalcitrant to PDT and alter the tumor microenvironment in favor of tumor survival. In this review, the molecular mechanisms are elucidated that occur post-PDT to mediate cancer cell survival, on the basis of which pharmacological interventions are proposed. Specifically, pharmaceutical inhibitors of the molecular regulators of each survival pathway are addressed. The ultimate aim is to facilitate the development of adjuvant intervention strategies to improve PDT efficacy in recalcitrant solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mans Broekgaarden
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud Weijer
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas M van Gulik
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michal Heger
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Li PT, Ke ES, Chiang PC, Tsai T. ALA- or Ce6-PDT induced phenotypic change and suppressed migration in surviving cancer cells. J Dent Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Wang CP, Lou PJ, Lo FY, Shieh MJ. Meta-tetrahydroxyphenyl chlorine mediated photodynamic therapy inhibits the migration and invasion of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma KJ-1 cell line. J Formos Med Assoc 2014; 113:173-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Zhang H, Shen B, Swinarska JT, Li W, Xiao K, He P. 9-Hydroxypheophorbide α-mediated photodynamic therapy induces matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 down-regulation in Hep-2 cells via ROS-mediated suppression of the ERK pathway. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2014; 11:55-62. [PMID: 24448387 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment modality for malignant diseases through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we assessed the change of migration and invasion of HEp-2 cells after sublethal doses of 9-hydroxypheophorbide α (9-HPbD)-mediated PDT in vitro, and explored the role of ROS in 9-HPbD-PDT-induced anti-metastatic effects in HEp-2 cells. METHODS Following PDT, ROS were measured by a fluorescence microscope in both the presence and absence of glutathione (GSH) pretreatment. Wound healing assay, cell migration assay, and matrigel invasion assay were used to evaluate the cellular migration and invasion. Western blot was performed to investigate the signaling pathways that may have been involved. RESULTS ROS were rapidly generated in 9-HPbD-loaded HEp-2 laryngeal cancer cells by the activation of a diode laser and were significantly inhibited by a 6-h GSH pretreatment. Wound healing assay, cell migration assay, and matrigel invasion assay showed that sublethal PDT significantly suppressed the migration and invasion of HEp-2 cells. GSH decreased the ability of PDT to inhibit the invasion of HEp-2 cells. Western blot analysis showed that PDT significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2, and significantly suppressed the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 after 24h following the implementation of sublethal PDT, and these efficacies of PDT could be abrogated by GSH pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS 9-HPbD-PDT attenuated the migration and invasion of HEp-2 cells in vitro, which may be related to the down-regulated expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 via ROS-mediated-inhibition of phosphorylation in the ERK/MEK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huankang Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Joanna T Swinarska
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Wen Li
- Research Center, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuanlin Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Peijie He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Sunar U. Monitoring photodynamic therapy of head and neck malignancies with optical spectroscopies. World J Clin Cases 2013; 1:96-105. [PMID: 24303476 PMCID: PMC3845916 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v1.i3.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years there has been significant developments in photosensitizers (PSs), light sources and light delivery systems that have allowed decreasing the treatment time and skin phototoxicity resulting in more frequent use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the clinical settings. Compared to standard treatment approaches such as chemo-radiation and surgery, PDT has much reduced morbidity for head and neck malignancies and is becoming an alternative treatment option. It can be used as an adjunct therapy to other treatment modalities without any additive cumulative side effects. Surface illumination can be an option for pre-malignant and early-stage malignancies while interstitial treatment is for debulking of thick tumors in the head and neck region. PDT can achieve equivalent or greater efficacy in treating head and neck malignancies, suggesting that it may be considered as a first line therapy in the future. Despite progressive development, clinical PDT needs improvement in several topics for wider acceptance including standardization of protocols that involve the same administrated light and PS doses and establishing quantitative tools for PDT dosimetry planning and response monitoring. Quantitative measures such as optical parameters, PS concentration, tissue oxygenation and blood flow are essential for accurate PDT dosimetry as well as PDT response monitoring and assessing therapy outcome. Unlike conventional imaging modalities like magnetic resonance imaging, novel optical imaging techniques can quantify PDT-related parameters without any contrast agent administration and enable real-time assessment during PDT for providing fast feedback to clinicians. Ongoing developments in optical imaging offer the promise of optimization of PDT protocols with improved outcomes.
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Nokes B, Apel M, Jones C, Brown G, Lang JE. Aminolevulinic acid (ALA): photodynamic detection and potential therapeutic applications. J Surg Res 2013; 181:262-71. [PMID: 23510551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a heme precursor that may have potential applications for photodynamic detection and photodynamic therapy-based treatment of solid tumors in a variety of malignancies. ALA may have a role in other applications in surgical oncology based on its ability to discriminate neoplastic tissue from adjacent normal tissue. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the published studies of ALA in noncutaneous solid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Nokes
- College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Chiang PC, Chou RH, Chien HF, Tsai T, Chen CT. Chloride intracellular channel 4 involves in the reduced invasiveness of cancer cells treated by photodynamic therapy. Lasers Surg Med 2013; 45:38-47. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Green B, Cobb ARM, Hopper C. Photodynamic therapy in the management of lesions of the head and neck. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012; 51:283-7. [PMID: 23245464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising and effective treatment for lesions of the head and neck. It uses illumination with light of a specific wavelength, which activates a photosensitising drug in the presence of oxygen. It can be used in combination with other treatments or on its own, and results in the cellular destruction of the lesion through a free-radical process. Photosensitisers can be applied topically or given systemically depending on the lesion being treated. Results indicate that PDT is an effective adjunct to standard conventional treatments. We review its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Green
- King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Campus, London Bridge, London, UK.
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Hamdoon Z, Jerjes W, Al-Delayme R, Hopper C. Solitary giant neurofibroma of the neck subjected to photodynamic therapy: case study. HEAD & NECK ONCOLOGY 2012; 4:30. [PMID: 22673101 PMCID: PMC3509409 DOI: 10.1186/1758-3284-4-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) - the fourth modality - has been successfully used in the management of early and advanced pathologies of the head and neck. We studied the effect of this modality on a giant solitary neurofibroma of the neck. A 70-year-old Caucasian female presented with left neck pain and disfigurement associated with slight shortness of breath and dysphagia. Examination revealed a large mass in the neck with no neurovascular compromise. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reported a heterogeneously enhancing mass extending from the left angle of the mandible to the base of the neck. A core biopsy was performed and histopathological examination revealed a disorganised array of peripheral nerve fascicles. The patient elected to receive photodynamic therapy as the primary intervention. The multi-disciplinary meeting approved the treatment plan. The photosensitizing agent was mTHPC (0.15 mg/kg), which was systemically administered 96-hours prior to ultrasound (US)-guided light delivery to the mass, which was undertaken under general anaesthesia. Recovery was uneventful.Post-PDT follow-up showed that the patient’s pain, dysphagia and shortness of breath issues had improved. The disfigurement of the neck caused by the mass was no longer a problem. Three months post-PDT, MRI revealed a significant reduction in the neurofibroma size. PDT was proven as a successful primary intervention for this pathology. However, higher evidence-based studies are required before this therapy can be proposed as a replacement to any of the other conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Hamdoon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Al-Yarmouk University College, Baghdad, Iraq
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Reappraisal of photodynamic therapy as first-line therapy in management of oral pre-malignant lesions. Oral Oncol 2012; 48:915-916. [PMID: 22633786 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2012.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Weiss A, den Bergh HV, Griffioen AW, Nowak-Sliwinska P. Angiogenesis inhibition for the improvement of photodynamic therapy: the revival of a promising idea. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2012; 1826:53-70. [PMID: 22465396 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive form of treatment, which is clinically approved for the treatment of angiogenic disorders, including certain forms of cancer and neovascular eye diseases. Although the concept of PDT has existed for a long time now, it has never made a solid entrance into the clinical management of cancer. This is likely due to secondary tissue reactions, such as inflammation and neoangiogenesis. The recent development of clinically effective angiogenesis inhibitors has lead to the initiation of research on the combination of PDT with such angiostatic targeted therapies. Preclinical studies in this research field have shown promising results, causing a revival in the field of PDT. This review reports on the current research efforts on PDT and vascular targeted combination therapies. Different combination strategies with angiogenesis inhibition and vascular targeting approaches are discussed. In addition, the concept of increasing PDT selectivity by targeted delivery of photosensitizers is presented. Furthermore, the current insights on sequencing the therapy arms of such combinations will be discussed in light of vascular normalization induced by angiogenesis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Weiss
- Medical Photonics Group, Institute of Bioengineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Dabkeviciene D, Sasnauskiene A, Leman E, Kvietkauskaite R, Daugelaviciene N, Stankevicius V, Jurgelevicius V, Juodka B, Kirveliene V. mTHPC-mediated photodynamic treatment up-regulates the cytokines VEGF and IL-1alpha. Photochem Photobiol 2012; 88:432-9. [PMID: 22171990 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.01062.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer induces oxidative stress, which intervenes in the expression of cytokines by tumor cells. The cytokines might have either a positive or a negative impact on tumor eradication. Here, we studied the expression of cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) in the human epidermoid carcinoma A-431 cells following m-tetra(3-hydroxyphenyl)-chlorin (mTHPC)-mediated PDT in vitro and assessed the IL-1alpha effect on VEGF expression. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed the enhanced production of VEGF and IL-1alpha both on mRNA and protein levels by mTHPC-loaded cells after light exposure. The silencing of IL1A by small interfering RNA resulted in decreased production of IL-1alpha and a reduced amount of VEGF. Furthermore, exogenous recombinant IL-1alpha stimulated the VEGF expression after PDT. Thus, in addition to the cytotoxic action on the A-431 cells, mTHPC-mediated PDT stimulated the production of VEGF and IL-1alpha, and IL-1alpha contributed to the VEGF overexpression. These data establish IL-1alpha as a possible target of combined cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiva Dabkeviciene
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Senge MO, Brandt JC. Temoporfin (Foscan®, 5,10,15,20-tetra(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin)--a second-generation photosensitizer. Photochem Photobiol 2011; 87:1240-96. [PMID: 21848905 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.00986.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review traces the development and study of the second-generation photosensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetra(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin through to its acceptance and clinical use in modern photodynamic (cancer) therapy. The literature has been covered up to early 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias O Senge
- Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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Cellular and molecular effects of the liposomal mTHPC derivative Foslipos in prostate carcinoma cells in vitro. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2011; 8:86-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zygogianni AG, Kyrgias G, Karakitsos P, Psyrri A, Kouvaris J, Kelekis N, Kouloulias V. Oral squamous cell cancer: early detection and the role of alcohol and smoking. HEAD & NECK ONCOLOGY 2011; 3:2. [PMID: 21211041 PMCID: PMC3022893 DOI: 10.1186/1758-3284-3-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective Oral squamous cell carcinoma has a remarkable incidence worldwide and a fairly onerous prognosis, encouraging further research on factors that might modify disease outcome. Data sources A web-based search for all types of articles published was initiated using Medline/Pub Med, with the key words such as oral cancer, alcohol consumption, genetic polymorphisms, tobacco smoking and prevention. The search was restricted to articles published in English, with no publication date restriction (last update 2010). Review Methods In this review article, we approach the factors for a cytologic diagnosis during OSCC development and the markers used in modern diagnostic technologies as well. We also reviewed available studies of the combined effects of alcohol drinking and genetic polymorphisms on alcohol-related cancer risk. Results The interaction of smoking and alcohol significantly increases the risk for aero-digestive cancers. The interaction between smoking and alcohol consumption seems to be responsible for a significant amount of disease. Conclusion Published scientific data show promising pathways for the future development of more effective prognosis. There is a clear need for new prognostic indicators, which could be used in diagnostics and, therefore a better selection of the most effective treatment can be achieved.
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In vitro and in vivo matrix metalloproteinase expression after photodynamic therapy with a liposomal formulation of aminolevulinic acid and its methyl ester. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2010; 15:630-50. [PMID: 20865364 PMCID: PMC6275856 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-010-0033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-known method for the treatment of malignant tumors, and its principles have been well established over the past 30 years. This therapy involves the application of a chemical called a photosensitizer and its subsequent excitation with light at the appropriate wavelength and energy. Topical photodynamic therapy with aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is an alternative therapy for many malignant processes, including nonmelanoma skin cancers such as basal-cell carcinoma (BCC). Our novel approach for this study was to use a liposomal formulation of 5-ALA and its methyl ester (commercially available as metvix) both in vitro and in vivo, and to check whether the liposome-entrapped precursors of photosensitizers can induce the expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs) in animal tumor cells and in other tissues from tumor-bearing rats and in selected cell lines in vitro. We also checked whether the application of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) has any effect on MMPs in the above-mentioned experimental models, and if they can cause complete inhibition of MMP expression. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that after the PDT, the intensity of expression of MMPs in healthy animals was very low and seen in single cells only. After the PDT in tumor-bearing rats, MMP-3 was expressed in the tumor cells with the highest intensity of staining in the tissues directly adjacent to the tumors, while MMP-2 and -9 were not found. In the control groups, there was no observed expression of MMPs. In vitro studies showed that MMP-3 was expressed in MCF-7 cells after PDT, but MMP-9 was not observed and MMP-2 was only seen in single cases. Our studies confirmed that the application of an MMP-3 inhibitor may block an induction of MMP-3 expression which had previously been initiated by PDT. The preliminary data obtained from cancer patients revealed that new precursors are effective in terms of PDT, and that using MMP inhibitors should be considered as a potential enhancing factor in clinical PDT.
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Yang WCV, Chung HR, Wu JY, Yi C, Wang DJ, Lee SY. Potential biomarkers for the cytologic diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Dent Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1991-7902(10)60010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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