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Nasiri K, Jahri M, Kolahdouz S, Soleimani M, Makiya A, Saini RS, Merza MS, Yasamineh S, Banakar M, Yazdanpanah MH. MicroRNAs Function in Dental Stem Cells as a Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Dental Diseases. Mol Diagn Ther 2023; 27:703-722. [PMID: 37773247 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-023-00675-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Undifferentiated, highly proliferative, clonogenic, and self-renewing dental stem cells have paved the way for novel approaches to mending cleft palates, rebuilding lost jawbone and periodontal tissue, and, most significantly, recreating lost teeth. New treatment techniques may be guided by a better understanding of these cells and their potential in terms of the specificity of the regenerative response. MicroRNAs have been recognized as an essential component in stem cell biology due to their role as epigenetic regulators of the processes that determine stem cell destiny. MicroRNAs have been proven to be crucial in a wide variety of molecular and biological processes, including apoptosis, cell proliferation, migration, and necrocytosis. MicroRNAs have been recognized to control protein translation, messenger RNA stability, and transcription and have been reported to play essential roles in dental stem cell biology, including the differentiation of dental stem cells, the immunological response, apoptosis, and the inflammation of the dental pulp. Because microRNAs increase dental stem cell differentiation, they may be used in regenerative medicine to either preserve the stem cell phenotype or to aid in the development of tooth tissue. The development of novel biomarkers and therapies for dental illnesses relies heavily on progress made in our knowledge of the roles played by microRNAs in regulating dental stem cells. In this article, we discuss how dental stem cells and their associated microRNAs may be used to cure dental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Nasiri
- Department of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jahri
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Ali Makiya
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ravinder S Saini
- COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muna S Merza
- Prosthetic Dental Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, 51001, Iraq
| | - Saman Yasamineh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Banakar
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
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Enamel Phenotypes: Genetic and Environmental Determinants. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030545. [PMID: 36980818 PMCID: PMC10048525 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental enamel is a specialized tissue that has adapted over millions of years of evolution to enhance the survival of a variety of species. In humans, enamel evolved to form the exterior protective layer for the crown of the exposed tooth crown. Its unique composition, structure, physical properties and attachment to the underlying dentin tissue allow it to be a resilient, although not self-repairing, tissue. The process of enamel formation, known as amelogenesis, involves epithelial-derived cells called ameloblasts that secrete a unique extracellular matrix that influences the structure of the mineralizing enamel crystallites. There are over 115 known genetic conditions affecting amelogenesis that are associated with enamel phenotypes characterized by either a reduction of enamel amount and or mineralization. Amelogenesis involves many processes that are sensitive to perturbation and can be altered by numerous environmental stressors. Genetics, epigenetics, and environment factors can influence enamel formation and play a role in resistance/risk for developmental defects and the complex disease, dental caries. Understanding why and how enamel is affected and the enamel phenotypes seen clinically support diagnostics, prognosis prediction, and the selection of treatment approaches that are appropriate for the specific tissue defects (e.g., deficient amount, decreased mineral, reduced insulation and hypersensitivity). The current level of knowledge regarding the heritable enamel defects is sufficient to develop a new classification system and consensus nosology that effectively communicate the mode of inheritance, molecular defect/pathway, and the functional aberration and resulting enamel phenotype.
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LncRNA MALAT1 Functions as a Competing Endogenous RNA to Regulate BMI1 Expression by Sponging miR-200c/miR-203 in the Control of the Differentiation of Pulp Cells. Biochem Genet 2021; 59:1260-1277. [PMID: 33772374 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and miRNAs (microRNAs) are considered as key regulators of several biological processes, including dental development. In this study, we explored the lncRNAs and miRNAs which are involved in dental development. METHOD Real-time PCR was performed to identify the candidate lncRNAs and miRNAs involved in dental development. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assay were carried out to establish the regulatory relationships between MALAT1, miR-203 and miR-200c in dental development. RESULTS Among all candidate lncRNAs, only MALAT1 was highly expressed in differentiated human dental pulp cells (hDPCs), and among all candidate miRNAs which are down-regulated in differentiated hDPCs, miR-203, and miR-200c are most decreased. Furthermore, MALAT1 was up-regulated while miR-203 and miR-200c were down-regulated in differentiated hDPCs in a time-dependent manner. MiR-203 and miR-200c were proved to bind to MALAT1. Moreover, BMI1 was identified as a target gene of miR-203 or miR-200c, and BMI1 was time-dependently decreased in hDPCs cultured with odontogenic medium. On the contrary, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1), osteocalcin (OCN), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), were time-dependently increased in hDPCs cultured with odontogenic medium. Finally, the overexpression of MALAT1 and the knockdown of miR-203/miR-200c both significantly increased the levels of BMI1, DSPP, DMP-1, OCN, and ALP, while the effect of knockdown of miR-203/miR-200c was much stronger than that of the overexpression of MALAT1. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that MALAT1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-203 and miR-200c and accordingly promotes BMI1 expression. Therefore, MALAT1 may serve as a biomarker for dental development.
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Weng Q, Yi F, Yu Y, Ge S, Liu S, Zhang Y. Altered miRNA expression profiling in enamel organ of fluoride affected rat embryos. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 210:111876. [PMID: 33418158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Evidence has shown that miRNAs could play a role in dental fluorosis, but there is no study has investigated the global expression miRNA profiles of fluoride-exposed enamel organ. In this study, we analysed the differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs between fluoride-treated and control enamel organ for the first time and found several candidate miRNAs and signaling pathways worthy of further research. Thirty Wistar rats were randomly distributed into three groups and exposed to drinking water with different fluoride contents for 10 weeks and during the gestation. The three groups were a control group (distilled water), medium fluoride group (75 mg/L NaF), and high fluoride group (150 mg/L NaF). On the embryonic day 19.5, the mandible was dissected for histological analysis, and the enamel organ of the mandibular first molar tooth germ was collected for miRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq) and quantitative real-time PCR analysis (qRT-PCR). Typical dental fluorosis was observed in the incisors of the prepregnant rats. In addition to the disorganized structure of enamel organ cells, 39 DE miRNAs were identified in the fluoride groups compared with the control group, and good agreement between the miRNA-seq data and qRT-PCR data was found. The functional annotation of the target genes of 39 DE miRNAs showed significant enrichment in metabolic process, cell differentiation, calcium signaling pathway, and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signaling pathway terms. This study provides a theoretical reference for an extensive understanding of the mechanism of fluorosis and potential valuable miRNAs as therapeutic targets in fluorosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Weng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyu Yi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suyu Ge
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangfeng Liu
- Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Tian H, She Z, Gao X, Wang W, Tian H. MicroRNA-31 regulates dental epithelial cell proliferation by targeting Satb2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 532:321-328. [PMID: 32873389 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) exhibit strong potential clinical application owing to their extensive regulation and flexible delivery properties. MicroRNA-31 (miR-31) is an evolutionarily conserved miRNA expressed during tooth development, and it is highly expressed in mouse incisor epithelium. The specific role of miR-31 in odontogenesis has not been elucidated comprehensively, and the aim of the present study was to investigate its activity. Our results showed that miR-31 suppressed LS8 cell proliferation by inhibiting the cell cycle at the G1/S transition. Mutation of Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) gene is responsible for human SATB2-associated syndrome (SAS), which is often accompanied by dental abnormities. Here, it was identified as a direct target of miR-31 in LS8 cells and a promoter of cell proliferation. The expression and distribution of SATB2 in mouse molars and incisors were explored using immunofluorescence, which showed strong signals in the nuclei of incisor epithelial cells and weak signals in the cytoplasm of molar epithelial cells. Moreover, rescue experiments demonstrated that Satb2 could mitigate the inhibitory effect of miR-31 on cell proliferation by promoting the expression of CDK4. Collectively, our results suggested that miR-31 regulates dental epithelial cell proliferation by targeting Satb2, highlighting the biological importance of miR-31 in odontogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhong Tian
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, PR China
| | - Ziwei She
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, PR China
| | - Xuejun Gao
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, PR China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, PR China.
| | - Hua Tian
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, PR China.
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One-Carbon Metabolism Links Nutrition Intake to Embryonic Development via Epigenetic Mechanisms. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:3894101. [PMID: 30956668 PMCID: PMC6431457 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3894101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Beyond energy production, nutrient metabolism plays a crucial role in stem cell lineage determination. Changes in metabolism based on nutrient availability and dietary habits impact stem cell identity. Evidence suggests a strong link between metabolism and epigenetic mechanisms occurring during embryonic development and later life of offspring. Metabolism regulates epigenetic mechanisms such as modifications of DNA, histones, and microRNAs. In turn, these epigenetic mechanisms regulate metabolic pathways to modify the metabolome. One-carbon metabolism (OCM) is a crucial metabolic process involving transfer of the methyl groups leading to regulation of multiple cellular activities. OCM cycles and its related micronutrients are ubiquitously present in stem cells and feed into the epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we briefly introduce the OCM process and involved micronutrients and discuss OCM-associated epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNAs. We further consider the underlying OCM-mediated link between nutrition and epigenetic modifications in embryonic development.
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Nirvani M, Khuu C, Tulek A, Utheim TP, Sand LP, Snead ML, Sehic A. Transcriptomic analysis of MicroRNA expression in enamel-producing cells. Gene 2018; 688:193-203. [PMID: 30529249 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
There is little evidence for the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of circadian rhythms during enamel development. Few studies have used ameloblast-like cell line LS8 to study the circadian rhythm of gene activities related to enamel formation. However, the transcriptomic analysis of miRNA expression in LS8 cells has not been established yet. In this study, we analyze the oscillations of miRNAs in LS8 cells during one-day cycle of 24 h by next generation deep sequencing. After removal of low quality reads, contaminants, and ligation products, we obtained a high number of clean reads in all 12 samples from four different time points. The length distribution analysis indicated that 77.5% of clean reads were between 21 and 24 nucleotides (nt), of which 35.81% reads exhibited a length of 22 nt. In total, we identified 1471 miRNAs in LS8 cells throughout all four time-points. 1330 (90.41%) miRNAs were identified as known miRNA sequences, whereas 139 (9.59%) were unannotated and classified as novel miRNA sequences. The differential expression analysis showed that 191 known miRNAs exhibited significantly (P-value < 0.01) different levels of expression across three time-points investigated (T6, T12, and T18) compared to T0. Verification of sequencing data using qRT-PCR on six selected miRNAs suggested good correlation between the two methods. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment of predicted target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs. The present study shows that miRNAs are highly expressed in LS8 cells and that a significant number of them oscillate during one-day cycle of 24 h. This is the first transcriptomic analysis of miRNAs in ameloblast-like cell line LS8 that can be potentially used to further characterize the epigenetic regulation of miRNAs during enamel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minou Nirvani
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Cuong Khuu
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Amela Tulek
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tor Paaske Utheim
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Peter Sand
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Malcolm L Snead
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amer Sehic
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Regulatory mechanisms of branching morphogenesis in mouse submandibular gland rudiments. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2018; 54:2-7. [PMID: 29628996 PMCID: PMC5884273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Branching morphogenesis is an important developmental process for many organs, including the salivary glands. Whereas epithelial–mesenchymal interactions, which are cell-to-cell communications, are known to drive branching morphogenesis, the molecular mechanisms responsible for those inductive interactions are still largely unknown. Cell growth factors and integrins are known to be regulators of branching morphogenesis of salivary glands. In addition, functional microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been reported to be present in the developing submandibular gland. In this review, the authors describe the roles of various cell growth factors, integrins and miRNAs in branching morphogenesis of developmental mouse submandibular glands.
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Cinpolat O, Unal ZN, Ismi O, Gorur A, Unal M. Comparison of microRNA profiles between benign and malignant salivary gland tumors in tissue, blood and saliva samples: a prospective, case-control study. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 83:276-284. [PMID: 27184509 PMCID: PMC9444796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) are rare head and neck malignancies consisting of a spectrum of tumors with different biological behaviors. Objective In this study we aimed to find out differential expression of microRNA profiles between benign and malignant SGTs. Methods We investigated the possible role of 95 microRNAs in the 20 patients with salivary gland tumors with comparison of 17 patients without malignancy or salivary gland diseases. Sixteen of the tumors were benign (seven pleomorphic adenomas, nine Warthin tumors), four of them were malignant (two squamous cell carcinomas, one high grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma, one adenocarcinoma). Serum and saliva samples were collected from both patients and control group. Tissue samples of tumor masses were also collected from patient group. Results Among studied microRNAs miR-21, miR-23a, miR-27a, miR-223, miR-125b, miR-126, miR-146a, miR-30e were down regulated in the benign group compared to control group in the serum samples (p-values are 0.04, 0.00005, 0.00005, 0.0022, 0.031, 0.00008, 0.044, and 0.0007, respectively). When tissue samples were studied miR-21, miR-31, miR-199a-5p, miR-146b, miR-345 were up-regulated in the malignant group compared to benign group (p values are 0.006, 0.02, 0.013, 0.013, 0.041, respectively). miR-30e showed statistically significant up-regulation in malignant tumor group's plasma samples compared to benign group (p = 0.034). There was no statistically significant difference in saliva samples between groups. Conclusion Our results showed that different microRNAs may play role in salivary tumor pathogenesis according to biological behavior. Although there was no difference in saliva samples between groups, according to tissue and serum samples miR-21 and 30e may have an important role; since they were down-regulated in benign tumors whereas up-regulated in malignant ones.
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MicroRNAs in ectodermal appendages. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2017; 43:61-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Bonczek O, Balcar V, Šerý O. PAX9
gene mutations and tooth agenesis: A review. Clin Genet 2017; 92:467-476. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Bonczek
- Laboratory of DNA Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Animal Embryology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics; The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno Czech Republic
| | - V.J. Balcar
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Bosch Institute and Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, School of medical sciences, Sydney Medical School; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - O. Šerý
- Laboratory of DNA Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Animal Embryology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics; The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno Czech Republic
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MiR-153 Regulates Amelogenesis by Targeting Endocytotic and Endosomal/lysosomal Pathways-Novel Insight into the Origins of Enamel Pathologies. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44118. [PMID: 28287144 PMCID: PMC5347039 DOI: 10.1038/srep44118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is group of inherited disorders resulting in enamel pathologies. The involvement of epigenetic regulation in the pathogenesis of AI is yet to be clarified due to a lack of knowledge about amelogenesis. Our previous genome-wide microRNA and mRNA transcriptome analyses suggest a key role for miR-153 in endosome/lysosome-related pathways during amelogenesis. Here we show that miR-153 is significantly downregulated in maturation ameloblasts compared with secretory ameloblasts. Within ameloblast-like cells, upregulation of miR-153 results in the downregulation of its predicted targets including Cltc, Lamp1, Clcn4 and Slc4a4, and a number of miRNAs implicated in endocytotic pathways. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed the predicted interactions between miR-153 and the 3'-UTRs of Cltc, Lamp1 (in a prior study), Clcn4 and Slc4a4. In an enamel protein intake assay, enamel cells transfected with miR-153 show a decreased ability to endocytose enamel proteins. Finally, microinjection of miR-153 in the region of mouse first mandibular molar at postnatal day 8 (PN8) induced AI-like pathologies when the enamel development reached maturity (PN12). In conclusion, miR-153 regulates maturation-stage amelogenesis by targeting key genes involved in the endocytotic and endosomal/lysosomal pathways, and disruption of miR-153 expression is a potential candidate etiologic factor contributing to the occurrence of AI.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The ebb and flow of genetic influence relative to the understanding of craniofacial and dental disorders has evolved into a tacit acceptance of the current genetic paradigm. This review explores the science behind craniofacial and dental disorders through the lens of recent past and current findings and using tooth agenesis as a model of advances in craniofacial genetics. RECENT FINDINGS Contemporary studies of craniofacial biology takes advantage of the technological resources stemming from the genomic and post-genomic eras. Emerging data highlights the role of key genes and the epigenetic landscape controlling these genes, in causing dentofacial abnormalities. We also report here a novel Glu78FS MSX1 mutation in one family segregating an autosomal dominant form of severe tooth agenesis as an illustration of an evolving theme, i.e., different mutations in the same gene can result in a spectrum of dentofacial phenotypic severity. The future of clinical therapeutics will benefit from advances in genetics and molecular biology that refine the genotype-phenotype correlation. Indeed, the past century suggests a continued convergence of genetic science in the practice of clinical dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia A Frazier-Bowers
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB #7450, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7450, USA.
| | - Siddharth R Vora
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, JBM-184 - 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Jin Y, Wang C, Cheng S, Zhao Z, Li J. MicroRNA control of tooth formation and eruption. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 73:302-310. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Regulatory roles of microRNAs in human dental tissues. Gene 2017; 596:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Li A, Li Y, Song T, Wang F, Liu D, Fan Z, Cheng S, Zhang C, Wang J, He J, Wang S. Identification of differential microRNA expression during tooth morphogenesis in the heterodont dentition of miniature pigs, SusScrofa. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2015; 15:51. [PMID: 26715101 PMCID: PMC4696248 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-015-0099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background It has been found that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of tooth development, and most likely increase the complexity of the genetic network, thus lead to greater complexity of teeth. But there has been no research about the key microRNAs associated with tooth morphogenesis based on miRNAs expression profiles. Compared to mice, the pig model has plentiful types of teeth, which is similar with the human dental pattern. Therefore, we used miniature pigs as large-animal models to investigate differentially expressed miRNAs expression during tooth morphogenesis in the early developmental stages of tooth germ. Results A custom-designed miRNA microarray with 742 miRNA gene probes was used to analyze the expression profiles of four types of teeth at three stages of tooth development. Of the 591 detectable miRNA transcripts, 212 miRNAs were continuously expressed in all types of tooth germ, but the numbers of miRNA transcript among the four different types of teeth at each embryonic stage were statistically significant differences (p < 0.01). The hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis results suggest that the miRNA expression was globally altered by types and temporal changes. By clustering analysis, we predicted 11 unique miRNA sequences that belong to mir-103 and mir-107, mir-133a and mir-133b, and mir-127 isomiR families. The results of real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR and in situ hybridization experiments revealed that five representative miRNAs may play important roles during different developmental stages of the incisor, canine, biscuspid, and molar, respectively. Conclusions The present study indicated that these five miRNAs, including ssc-miR-103 and ssc-miR-107, ssc-miR-133a and ssc-miR-133b, and ssc-miR-127, may play key regulatory roles in different types of teeth during different stages and thus may play critical roles in tooth morphogenesis during early development in miniature pigs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12861-015-0099-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, China. .,Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi Wu Lu No.98, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| | - Ye Li
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, China. .,Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi Wu Lu No.98, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| | - Tieli Song
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Fu Wang
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Dayong Liu
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - San Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, You An Men Wai Xi TouTiao No.10, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, China. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, You An Men Wai Xi TouTiao No.10, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Junqi He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, You An Men Wai Xi TouTiao No.10, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Songlin Wang
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, China. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, You An Men Wai Xi TouTiao No.10, Beijing, 100069, China.
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17
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Tavares ALP, Artinger KB, Clouthier DE. Regulating Craniofacial Development at the 3' End: MicroRNAs and Their Function in Facial Morphogenesis. Curr Top Dev Biol 2015; 115:335-75. [PMID: 26589932 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Defects in craniofacial development represent a majority of observed human birth defects, occurring at a rate as high as 1:800 live births. These defects often occur due to changes in neural crest cell (NCC) patterning and development and can affect non-NCC-derived structures due to interactions between NCCs and the surrounding cell types. Proper craniofacial development requires an intricate array of gene expression networks that are tightly controlled spatiotemporally by a number of regulatory mechanisms. One of these mechanisms involves the action of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of noncoding RNAs that repress gene expression by binding to miRNA recognition sequences typically located in the 3' UTR of target mRNAs. Recent evidence illustrates that miRNAs are crucial for vertebrate facial morphogenesis, with changes in miRNA expression leading to facial birth defects, including some in complex human syndromes such as 22q11 (DiGeorge Syndrome). In this review, we highlight the current understanding of miRNA biogenesis, the roles of miRNAs in overall craniofacial development, the impact that loss of miRNAs has on normal development and the requirement for miRNAs in the development of specific craniofacial structures, including teeth. From these studies, it is clear that miRNAs are essential for normal facial development and morphogenesis, and a potential key in establishing new paradigms for repair and regeneration of facial defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre L P Tavares
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kristin B Artinger
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - David E Clouthier
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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18
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Landin MA, Nygård S, Shabestari MG, Babaie E, Reseland JE, Osmundsen H. Mapping the global mRNA transcriptome during development of the murine first molar. Front Genet 2015; 6:47. [PMID: 25852735 PMCID: PMC4362327 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to map global gene expression in order to provide information about the populations of mRNA species participating in murine tooth development at 24 h intervals, starting at the 11th embryonic day (E11.5) up to the 7th post-natal day (P7). The levels of RNA species expressed during murine tooth development were mesured using a total of 58 deoxyoligonucleotide microarrays. Microarray data was validated using real-time RT-PCR. Differentially expressed genes (p < 0.05) were subjected to bioinformatic analysis to identify cellular activities significantly associated with these genes. Using ANOVA the microarray data yielded 4362 genes as being differentially expressed from the 11th embryonic day (E11.5) up to 7 days post-natal (P7), 1921 of these being genes without known functions. The remaining 2441 genes were subjected to further statistical analysis using a supervised procedure. Bioinformatic analysis results for each time-point studied suggests that the main molecular functions associated with genes expressed at the early pre-natal stages (E12.5–E18.5) were cell cycle progression, cell morphology, lipid metabolism, cellular growth, proliferation, senescence and apoptosis, whereas most genes expressed at post-natal and secretory stages (P0–P7) were significantly associated with regulation of cell migration, biosynthesis, differentiation, oxidative stress, polarization and cell death. Differentially expressed genes (DE) not described earlier during murine tooth development; Inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor 3 (Itpr3), metallothionein 1(Mt1), cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4), cathepsin D (Ctsd), keratin complex 2, basic, gene 6a (Krt2-6a), cofilin 1, non-muscle (Cfl1), cyclin 2 (Ccnd2), were verified by real-time RT-PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Landin
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Ståle Nygård
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Institute for Medical Informatics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Maziar G Shabestari
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Eshrat Babaie
- The Biotechnology Centre of Oslo, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Janne E Reseland
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Osmundsen
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
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19
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Gao S, Moreno M, Eliason S, Cao H, Li X, Yu W, Bidlack FB, Margolis HC, Baldini A, Amendt BA. TBX1 protein interactions and microRNA-96-5p regulation controls cell proliferation during craniofacial and dental development: implications for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:2330-48. [PMID: 25556186 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
T-box transcription factor TBX1 is the major candidate gene for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS, DiGeorge syndrome/Velo-cardio-facial syndrome), whose phenotypes include craniofacial malformations such as dental defects and cleft palate. In this study, Tbx1 was conditionally deleted or over-expressed in the oral and dental epithelium to establish its role in odontogenesis and craniofacial developmental. Tbx1 lineage tracing experiments demonstrated a specific region of Tbx1-positive cells in the labial cervical loop (LaCL, stem cell niche). We found that Tbx1 conditional knockout (Tbx1(cKO)) mice featured microdontia, which coincides with decreased stem cell proliferation in the LaCL of Tbx1(cKO) mice. In contrast, Tbx1 over-expression increased dental epithelial progenitor cells in the LaCL. Furthermore, microRNA-96 (miR-96) repressed Tbx1 expression and Tbx1 repressed miR-96 expression, suggesting that miR-96 and Tbx1 work in a regulatory loop to maintain the correct levels of Tbx1. Cleft palate was observed in both conditional knockout and over-expression mice, consistent with the craniofacial/tooth defects associated with TBX1 deletion and the gene duplication that leads to 22q11.2DS. The biochemical analyses of TBX1 human mutations demonstrate functional differences in their transcriptional regulation of miR-96 and co-regulation of PITX2 activity. TBX1 interacts with PITX2 to negatively regulate PITX2 transcriptional activity and the TBX1 N-terminus is required for its repressive activity. Overall, our results indicate that Tbx1 regulates the proliferation of dental progenitor cells and craniofacial development through miR-96-5p and PITX2. Together, these data suggest a new molecular mechanism controlling pathogenesis of dental anomalies in human 22q11.2DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Myriam Moreno
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Steven Eliason
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Huojun Cao
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Wenjie Yu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Henry C Margolis
- Center for Biomineralization, Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA and
| | - Antonio Baldini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II and the Institute of Genetics and Biophysics CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Brad A Amendt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA,
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20
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Yin K, Hacia JG, Zhong Z, Paine ML. Genome-wide analysis of miRNA and mRNA transcriptomes during amelogenesis. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:998. [PMID: 25406666 PMCID: PMC4254193 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the rodent incisor during amelogenesis, as ameloblast cells transition from secretory stage to maturation stage, their morphology and transcriptome profiles change dramatically. Prior whole genome transcriptome analysis has given a broad picture of the molecular activities dominating both stages of amelogenesis, but this type of analysis has not included miRNA transcript profiling. In this study, we set out to document which miRNAs and corresponding target genes change significantly as ameloblasts transition from secretory- to maturation-stage amelogenesis. RESULTS Total RNA samples from both secretory- and maturation-stage rat enamel organs were subjected to genome-wide miRNA and mRNA transcript profiling. We identified 59 miRNAs that were differentially expressed at the maturation stage relative to the secretory stage of enamel development (False Discovery Rate (FDR)<0.05, fold change (FC)≥1.8). In parallel, transcriptome profiling experiments identified 1,729 mRNA transcripts that were differentially expressed in the maturation stage compared to the secretory stage (FDR<0.05, FC≥1.8). Based on bioinformatics analyses, 5.8% (629 total) of these differentially expressed genes (DEGS) were highlighted as being the potential targets of 59 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in the opposite direction, in the same tissue samples. Although the number of predicted target DEGs was not higher than baseline expectations generated by examination of stably expressed miRNAs, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that these 629 DEGS were enriched for ion transport, pH regulation, calcium handling, endocytotic, and apoptotic activities. Seven differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-21, miR-31, miR-488, miR-153, miR-135b, miR-135a and miR298) in secretory- and/or maturation-stage enamel organs were confirmed by in situ hybridization. Further, we used luciferase reporter assays to provide evidence that two of these differentially expressed miRNAs, miR-153 and miR-31, are potential regulators for their predicated target mRNAs, Lamp1 (miR-153) and Tfrc (miR-31). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these data indicate that miRNAs exhibit a dynamic expression pattern during the transition from secretory-stage to maturation-stage tooth enamel formation. Although they represent only one of numerous mechanisms influencing gene activities, miRNAs specific to the maturation stage could be involved in regulating several key processes of enamel maturation by influencing mRNA stability and translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifeng Yin
- />Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA103, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Joseph G Hacia
- />Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA140, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Zhe Zhong
- />Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA103, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Michael L Paine
- />Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA103, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
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21
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Khuu C, Jevnaker AM, Bryne M, Osmundsen H. An investigation into anti-proliferative effects of microRNAs encoded by the miR-106a-363 cluster on human carcinoma cells and keratinocytes using microarray profiling of miRNA transcriptomes. Front Genet 2014; 5:246. [PMID: 25202322 PMCID: PMC4142865 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfection of human oral squamous carcinoma cells (clone E10) with mimics for unexpressed miR-20b or miR-363-5p, encoded by the miR-106a-363 cluster (miR-20b, miR-106a, miR-363-3p, or miR-363-5p), caused 40–50% decrease in proliferation. Transfection with mimics for miR-18a or miR-92a, encoded by the miR-17-92 cluster (all members being expressed in E10 cells), had no effect on proliferation. In contrast, mimic for the sibling miRNA-19a yielded about 20% inhibition of proliferation. To investigate miRNA involvement profiling of miRNA transcriptomes were carried out using deoxyoligonucleotide microarrays. In transfectants for miR-19a, or miR-20b or miR-363-5p most differentially expressed miRNAs exhibited decreased expression, including some miRNAs encoded in paralogous miR-17-92—or miR-106b-25 cluster. Only in cells transfected with miR-19a mimic significantly increased expression of miR-20b observed—about 50-fold as judged by qRT-PCR. Further studies using qRT-PCR showed that transfection of E10 cells with mimic for miRNAs encoded by miR-17-92 - or miR-106a-363 - or the miR-106b-25 cluster confirmed selective effect on expression on sibling miRNAs. We conclude that high levels of miRNAs encoded by the miR-106a-363 cluster may contribute to inhibition of proliferation by decreasing expression of several sibling miRNAs encoded by miR-17-92 or by the miR-106b-25 cluster. The inhibition of proliferation observed in miR-19a-mimic transfectants is likely caused by the miR-19a-dependent increase in the levels of miR-20b and miR-106a. Bioinformatic analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs from miR-106a, miR-20b and miR-363-5p transfectants, but not miR-92a transfectants, yielded significant associations to “Cellular Growth and Proliferation” and “Cell Cycle.” Western blotting results showed that levels of affected proteins to differ between transfectants, suggesting that different anti-proliferative mechanisms may operate in these transfectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuong Khuu
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne-Marthe Jevnaker
- Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (Government, Governmental) Oslo, Norway
| | - Magne Bryne
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
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22
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Khan QES, Sehic A, Khuu C, Risnes S, Osmundsen H. Expression of Clu and Tgfb1 during murine tooth development: effects of in-vivo transfection with anti-miR-214. Eur J Oral Sci 2013; 121:303-12. [PMID: 23841781 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Expression of clusterin (Clu) in the murine first molar tooth germ was markedly increased at postnatal developmental stages. The time-course of expression of this gene paralleled those of other genes encoding proteins involved during the secretory phase of odontogenesis, as described previously. Immunohistochemical studies of clusterin in murine molar tooth germs suggested this protein to be located in outer enamel epithelium, regressing enamel organ, secretory ameloblasts, and the dental epithelium connecting the tooth to the oral epithelium at an early eruptive stage. Immunolabelling of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) revealed it to be located close to clusterin. The levels of expression of Clu and Tgfb1 were markedly decreased following in-vivo transfection with anti-miR-214. In contrast, the expression of several genes associated with regulation of growth and development were increased by this treatment. We suggest that clusterin has functions during secretory odontogenesis and the early eruptive phase. Bioinformatic analysis after treatment with anti-miR-214 suggested that, whilst cellular activities associated with tooth mineralization and eruption were inhibited, activities associated with an alternative developmental activity (i.e. biosynthesis of contractile proteins) appeared to be stimulated. These changes probably occur through regulation mediated by a common cluster of transcription factors and support suggestions that microRNAs (miRNAs) are highly significant as regulators of differentiation during odontogenesis.
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23
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Liu H, Lin H, Zhang L, Sun Q, Yuan G, Zhang L, Chen S, Chen Z. miR-145 and miR-143 regulate odontoblast differentiation through targeting Klf4 and Osx genes in a feedback loop. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:9261-71. [PMID: 23430263 PMCID: PMC3610997 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.433730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentin tissue is derived from mesenchymal cells induced into the odontoblast lineage. The differentiation of odontoblasts is a complex process regulated by several transcriptional factor signaling transduction pathways. However, post-translational regulation of these factors during dentinogenesis remains unclear. To further explore the mechanisms, we investigated the role of microRNA (miRNA) during odontoblast differentiation. We profiled the miRNA expression pattern during mouse odontoblast differentiation using a microarray assay and identified that miR-145 and miR-143 were down-regulated during this process. In situ hybridization verified that the two miRNAs were gradually decreased during mouse odontoblast differentiation. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments revealed that down-regulation of miR-145 and miR-143 could promote odontoblast differentiation and increased Dspp and Dmp1 expression in mouse primary dental pulp cells and vice versa. We found that miR-145 and miR-143 controlled odontoblast differentiation through several mechanisms. First, KLF4 and OSX bind to their motifs in Dspp and Dmp1 gene promoters and up-regulate their transcription thereby inducing odontoblast differentiation. The miR-145 binds to the 3'-UTRs of Klf4 and Osx genes, inhibiting their expression. Second, KLF4 repressed miR-143 transcription by binding to its motifs in miR-143 regulatory regions as detected by ChIP assay and dual luciferase reporter assay. Third, miR-143 regulates odontoblast differentiation in part through miR-145 pathway. Taken together, we for the first time showed that the miR-143 and miR-145 controlled odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation through KLF4 and OSX transcriptional factor signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- From the State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China and
| | - Heng Lin
- From the State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China and
| | - Li Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China and
| | - Qin Sun
- From the State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China and
| | - Guohua Yuan
- From the State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China and
| | - Lu Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China and
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Zhi Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China and
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24
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MicroRNAome and expression profile of developing tooth germ in miniature pigs. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52256. [PMID: 23272230 PMCID: PMC3525553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of rodent tooth development, but little is known about their role in tooth development in large mammals. We identified 637 unique miRNA sequences in a large-scale screen for miRNA expression profiles in the developing lower deciduous molars of miniature pigs (Sus scrofa) using Illumina Solexa deep sequencing. These candidate miRNAs and another 105 known Sus scrofa miRNAs were included in the custom-designed microarray and used to analyze the miRNA expression profile in the bud, cap, early bell, and late bell stages of tooth development. Microarray analysis revealed 166 transcripts that were differentially expressed in the four stages. Bioinformatic analysis identified 18 key miRNAs, including let-7f, miR-128, miR-200b, and miR-200c, that might play key roles in tooth development. Taken together, our results not only identified the specific microRNAome and expression profile in developing lower deciduous molars of the miniature pig, but they also provided useful information for investigating the molecular mechanism of tooth development in the miniature pig.
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25
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Wan M, Gao B, Sun F, Tang Y, Ye L, Fan Y, Klein OD, Zhou X, Zheng L. microRNA miR-34a regulates cytodifferentiation and targets multi-signaling pathways in human dental papilla cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50090. [PMID: 23226240 PMCID: PMC3511455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Odontogenesis relies on the reciprocal signaling interactions between dental epithelium and neural crest-derived mesenchyme, which is regulated by several signaling pathways. Subtle changes in the activity of these major signaling pathways can have dramatic effects on tooth development. An important regulator of such subtle changes is the fine tuning function of microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the underlying mechanism by which miRNAs regulate tooth development remains elusive. This study determined the expression of miRNAs during cytodifferentiation in the human tooth germ and studied miR-34a as a regulator of dental papilla cell differentiation. Using microarrays, miRNA expression profiles were established at selected times during development (early bell stage or late bell stage) of the human fetal tooth germ. We identified 29 differentially expressed miRNAs from early bell stage/late bell stage comparisons. Out of 6 miRNAs selected for validation by qPCR, all transcripts were confirmed to be differentially expressed. miR-34a was selected for further investigation because it has been previously reported to regulate organogenesis. miR-34a mimics and inhibitors were transfected into human fetal dental papilla cells, mRNA levels of predicted target genes were detected by quantitative real-time PCR, and levels of putative target proteins were examined by western blotting. ALP and DSPP expression were also tested by qPCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Findings from these studies suggested that miR-34a may play important roles in dental papilla cell differentiation during human tooth development by targeting NOTCH and TGF-beta signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Ye
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Fan
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ophir D. Klein
- Program in Craniofacial and Mesenchymal Biology and Departments of Orofacial Sciences and Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail: (XDZ); (LWZ)
| | - Liwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail: (XDZ); (LWZ)
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26
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MicroRNA profiling methods applied to recent studies of fetal mouse submandibular gland development. J Oral Biosci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2012.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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Jheon AH, Seidel K, Biehs B, Klein OD. From molecules to mastication: the development and evolution of teeth. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2012; 2:165-82. [PMID: 24009032 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Teeth are unique to vertebrates and have played a central role in their evolution. The molecular pathways and morphogenetic processes involved in tooth development have been the focus of intense investigation over the past few decades, and the tooth is an important model system for many areas of research. Developmental biologists have exploited the clear distinction between the epithelium and the underlying mesenchyme during tooth development to elucidate reciprocal epithelial/mesenchymal interactions during organogenesis. The preservation of teeth in the fossil record makes these organs invaluable for the work of paleontologists, anthropologists, and evolutionary biologists. In addition, with the recent identification and characterization of dental stem cells, teeth have become of interest to the field of regenerative medicine. Here, we review the major research areas and studies in the development and evolution of teeth, including morphogenesis, genetics and signaling, evolution of tooth development, and dental stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H Jheon
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial and Mesenchymal Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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28
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Rebustini IT, Hayashi T, Reynolds AD, Dillard ML, Carpenter EM, Hoffman MP. miR-200c regulates FGFR-dependent epithelial proliferation via Vldlr during submandibular gland branching morphogenesis. Development 2011; 139:191-202. [PMID: 22115756 DOI: 10.1242/dev.070151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of epithelial proliferation during organ morphogenesis is crucial for normal development, as dysregulation is associated with tumor formation. Non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs), such as miR-200c, are post-transcriptional regulators of genes involved in cancer. However, the role of miR-200c during normal development is unknown. We screened miRNAs expressed in the mouse developing submandibular gland (SMG) and found that miR-200c accumulates in the epithelial end buds. Using both loss- and gain-of-function, we demonstrated that miR-200c reduces epithelial proliferation during SMG morphogenesis. To identify the mechanism, we predicted miR-200c target genes and confirmed their expression during SMG development. We discovered that miR-200c targets the very low density lipoprotein receptor (Vldlr) and its ligand reelin, which unexpectedly regulate FGFR-dependent epithelial proliferation. Thus, we demonstrate that miR-200c influences FGFR-mediated epithelial proliferation during branching morphogenesis via a Vldlr-dependent mechanism. miR-200c and Vldlr may be novel targets for controlling epithelial morphogenesis during glandular repair or regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan T Rebustini
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Section, Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Jheon AH, Li CY, Wen T, Michon F, Klein OD. Expression of microRNAs in the stem cell niche of the adult mouse incisor. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24536. [PMID: 21931743 PMCID: PMC3169592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mouse incisor is a valuable but under-utilized model organ for studying the behavior of adult stem cells. This remarkable tooth grows continuously throughout the animal's lifetime and houses two distinct epithelial stem cell niches called the labial and lingual cervical loop (laCL and liCL, respectively). These stem cells produce progeny that undergo a series of well-defined differentiation events en route to becoming enamel-producing ameloblasts. During this differentiation process, the progeny move out of the stem cell niche and migrate toward the distal tip of the tooth. Although the molecular pathways involved in tooth development are well documented, little is known about the roles of miRNAs in this process. We used microarray technology to compare the expression of miRNAs in three regions of the adult mouse incisor: the laCL, liCL, and ameloblasts. We identified 26 and 35 differentially expressed miRNAs from laCL/liCL and laCL/ameloblast comparisons, respectively. Out of 10 miRNAs selected for validation by qPCR, all transcripts were confirmed to be differentially expressed. In situ hybridization and target prediction analyses further supported the reliability of our microarray results. These studies point to miRNAs that likely play a role in the renewal and differentiation of adult stem cells during stem cell-fueled incisor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H. Jheon
- Program in Craniofacial and Mesenchymal Biology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - Chun-Ying Li
- Program in Craniofacial and Mesenchymal Biology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - Timothy Wen
- Program in Craniofacial and Mesenchymal Biology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - Frederic Michon
- Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ophir D. Klein
- Program in Craniofacial and Mesenchymal Biology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Jevnaker AM, Khuu C, Kjøle E, Bryne M, Osmundsen H. Expression of members of the miRNA17-92 cluster during development and in carcinogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:2257-66. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Michon F. Tooth evolution and dental defects: From genetic regulation network to micro-RNA fine-tuning. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 91:763-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bdra.20787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2010] [Revised: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sehic A, Risnes S, Khuu C, Khan QES, Osmundsen H. Effects of in vivo transfection with anti-miR-214 on gene expression in murine molar tooth germ. Physiol Genomics 2011; 43:488-98. [DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00248.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of noncoding RNAs that are believed to be important in many biological processes through regulation of gene expression. Little is known of their function in tooth morphogenesis and differentiation. MicroRNA-214 (miR-214), encoded by the polycistronic Dnm30os gene, is highly expressed during development of molar tooth germ and was selected as a target for silencing with anti-miR-214. Mandibular injection of 1–100 pmol of anti-miR-214 close to the developing first molar in newborn mice resulted in significant decrease in expression of miR-214, miR-466h, and miR-574-5p in the tooth germ. Furthermore, levels of miR-199a-3p, miR-199a-5p, miR-690, miR-720, and miR-1224 were significantly increased. Additionally, the expression of 863 genes was significantly increased and the expression of 305 genes was significantly decreased. Among the genes with increased expression was Twist-1 and Ezh2, suggested to regulate expression of miR-214. Microarray results were validated using real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. Among genes with decreased expression were Amelx, Calb1, Enam, and Prnp; these changes also being reflected in levels of corresponding encoded proteins in the tooth germ. In the anti-miR-214-treated molars the enamel exhibited evidence of hypomineralization with remnants of organic material and reduced surface roughness after acid etching, possibly due to the transiently decreased expression of Amelx and Enam. In contrast, several genes encoding contractile proteins exhibited significantly increased expression. mRNAs involved in amelogenesis ( Ambn, Amelx, Enam) were not found among targets of miRNAs that were differentially expressed following treatment with anti-miR-214. It is therefore suggested that effects of miR-214 on amelogenesis are indirect, perhaps mediated by the observed miR-214-dependent changes in levels of expression of numerous transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Sehic
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Steinar Risnes
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cuong Khuu
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Hayashi T, Koyama N, Azuma Y, Kashimata M. Mesenchymal miR-21 regulates branching morphogenesis in murine submandibular gland in vitro. Dev Biol 2011; 352:299-307. [PMID: 21295561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Branching morphogenesis in murine submandibular glands (SMG) is regulated by growth factors, extracellular matrix (ECM) and many biological processes through interactions between the epithelium and the mesenchyme. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a set of small, non-protein-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. We hypothesized that branching morphogenesis is partly regulated by miRNAs. Forty-four miRNAs and novel miRNA candidates were detected in SMG at embryonic day 13 by a cloning method combined with Argonaute-2 immunoprecipitation. MicroRNA21 (miR-21) expression in the mesenchyme was up-regulated and accelerated by epidermal growth factor, which is known to enhance branching morphogenesis in vitro. Down-regulation of miR-21 in the mesenchyme by locked nucleic acids was associated with a decrease in the number of epithelial buds. Relative quantification of candidates for target genes of miR-21 indicated that two messenger RNAs (for Reck and Pdcd4) were down-regulated in the mesenchyme, where miR-21 expression levels were up-regulated. These results suggest that branching morphogenesis is regulated by miR-21 through gene expression related to ECM degradation in the mesenchyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Hayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501–0296, Japan
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Larsen M, Yamada KM, Musselmann K. Systems analysis of salivary gland development and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2010; 2:670-82. [PMID: 20890964 PMCID: PMC3398465 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Branching morphogenesis is a crucial developmental process in which vertebrate organs generate extensive epithelial surface area while retaining a compact size. In the vertebrate submandibular salivary gland, branching morphogenesis is crucial for the generation of the large surface area necessary to produce sufficient saliva. However, in many salivary gland diseases, saliva-producing acinar cells are destroyed, resulting in dry mouth and secondary health conditions. Systems-based approaches can provide insights into understanding salivary gland development, function, and disease. The traditional approach to understanding these processes is the identification of molecular signals using reductionist approaches; we review current progress with such methods in understanding salivary gland development. Taking a more global approach, multiple groups are currently profiling the transcriptome, the proteome, and other 'omes' in both developing mouse tissues and in human patient samples. Computational methods have been successful in deciphering large data sets, and mathematical models are starting to make predictions regarding the contribution of molecules to the physical processes of morphogenesis and cellular function. A challenge for the future will be to establish comprehensive, publicly accessible salivary gland databases spanning the full range of genes and proteins; plans are underway to provide these resources to researchers in centralized repositories. The greatest challenge for the future will be to develop realistic models that integrate multiple types of data to both describe and predict embryonic development and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Larsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York
| | - Kenneth M. Yamada
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health
| | - Kurt Musselmann
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health
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Khan QES, Press CM, Sehic A, Landin MA, Risnes S, Osmundsen H. Expression of prion gene and presence of prion protein during development of mouse molar tooth germ. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118:559-65. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2010.00783.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Hayashi T, Koyama N, Gresik EW, Kashimata M. Detection of EGF-dependent microRNAs of the fetal mouse submandibular gland at embryonic day 13. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2010; 56 Suppl:250-2. [PMID: 20224191 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.56.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Fetal murine submandibular salivary gland (SMG) is known as a model to study organogenesis including branching morphogenesis, which is a basic developmental process for formation of a wide variety of arborized organs. Branching morphogenesis is under the control of a complex network of regulatory proteins, such as the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase receptors, activated by members of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family of ligands. Recent reports identify critical roles for micro RNAs (miRNAs) on many developmental processes through regulation of gene expression. We hypothesize that miRNAs regulating branching morphogenesis are expressed in fetal murine SMG and that expression of the miRNAs associated with branching morphogenesis is modulated in part by EGF. Using cloning methods, we obtained the expression profiles on miRNAs derived from fetal murine SMG under three different conditions: (1) native E13 SMGs (freshly isolated), (2) E13 SMGs cultured for 24 hours with no added EGF (controls), or (3) cultured with EGF. There were 44 known miRNAs and four novel miRNAs candidates in native SMG at E13. Comparing the three profiles revealed that several miRNAs were expressed specifically at each condition. These results suggested that these miRNAs were associated with regulating organogenesis, possibly including branching morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Hayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Mizuho, Japan
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Sehic A, Risnes S, Khan QES, Khuu C, Osmundsen H. Gene expression and dental enamel structure in developing mouse incisor. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118:118-30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2010.00722.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tooth morphogenesis and ameloblast differentiation are regulated by micro-RNAs. Dev Biol 2010; 340:355-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Revised: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Larsen HS, Ruus AK, Galtung HK. Aquaporin expression patterns in the developing mouse salivary gland. Eur J Oral Sci 2009; 117:655-62. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2009.00695.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Nilsen AJ, Landin MA, Haug KH, Fonnum F, Berger U, Osmundsen H. Comparative hepatic gene expression profiling of rats treated with 1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluorodecan-1-ol or with pentadecafluorooctanoic acid. Physiol Genomics 2008; 34:285-303. [DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00225.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pentadecafluorooctanoic acid is an established peroxisome proliferator. Little is known about effects of treatment with 1 H,1 H,2 H,2 H-heptadecafluorodecan-1-ol, which is metabolized to pentadecafluorooctanoic acid. We compared effects of various dosages (3, 10, or 25 mg/kg body wt) of each of these compounds on hepatic gene expression in rats with microarrays. Microarray data were validated by real-time RT-PCR. Expression data were also correlated with hepatic activities of selected enzymes and with hepatic levels of pentadecafluorooctanoic acid and 1 H,1 H,2 H,2 H-heptadecafluorodecan-1-ol. Pentadecafluorooctanoic acid caused the more powerful change in gene expression, in terms of both number of genes affected and extent of change in expression. Across the dosages used pentadecafluorooctanoic acid and 1 H,1 H,2 H,2 H-heptadecafluorodecan-1-ol caused significant ( P ≤ 0.05) changes in expression for 441 and 105 genes, respectively. With 1 H,1 H,2 H,2 H-heptadecafluorodecan-1-ol ∼38% of the 105 genes exhibited decreased expression with a dose of 25 mg/kg body wt, these genes also appearing less responsive to treatment at the lower dosages. Bioinformatic analysis suggested that these genes are associated with regulatory functions. With pentadecafluorooctanoic acid, increasing dosage up to 10 mg/kg body wt brought about progressive increase in expression of affected genes. Pathways analysis suggested similar effects of the two compounds on lipid and amino acid metabolism. Marked differences were also found, particularly with respect to effects on genes related to oxidative phosphorylation, oxidative metabolism, free radical scavenging, xenobiotic metabolism, and complement and coagulation cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kristin H. Haug
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Frode Fonnum
- Department of Protection and Material, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Kjeller
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo
| | - Urs Berger
- Norwegian Institute of Air Research, Polar Environment Centre, Tromsø, Norway
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