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Boi M, Demontis R, Isola M, Isola R, Loy F, Serra MP, Trucas M, Ekström J, Quartu M. The human major sublingual gland and its neuropeptidergic and nitrergic innervations. Ann Anat 2024; 255:152291. [PMID: 38821428 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND What textbooks usually call the sublingual gland in humans is in reality a tissue mass of two types of salivary glands, the anteriorly located consisting of a cluster of minor sublingual glands and the posteriorly located major sublingual gland with its outlet via Bartholin's duct. Only recently, the adrenergic and cholinergic innervations of the major sublingual gland was reported, while information regarding the neuropeptidergic and nitrergic innervations is still lacking. METHODS Bioptic and autoptic specimens of the human major sublingual gland were examined by means of immunohistochemistry for the presence of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-, neuropeptide Y (NPY)-, substance P (SP)-, calcitonin gene related-peptide (CGRP)-, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-labeled neuronal structures. RESULTS As to the neuropeptidergic innervation of secretory cells (here in the form of mucous tubular and seromucous cells), the findings showed many VIP-containing nerves, few NPY- and SP-containing nerves and a lack of CGRP-labeled nerves. As to the neuropeptidergic innervation of vessels, the number of VIP-containing nerves was modest, while, of the other neuropeptide-containing nerves under study, only few (SP and CGRP) to very few (NPY) nerves were observed. As to the nitrergic innervation, nNOS-containing nerves were very few close to secretory cells and even absent around vessels. CONCLUSION The various innervation patterns may suggest potential transmission mechanisms involved in secretory and vascular responses of the major sublingual gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Boi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cytomorphology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato (CA) 09042, Italy
| | - Roberto Demontis
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Legal Medicine Division ARNAS Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Michela Isola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cytomorphology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato (CA) 09042, Italy
| | - Raffaella Isola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cytomorphology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato (CA) 09042, Italy
| | - Francesco Loy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cytomorphology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato (CA) 09042, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Serra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cytomorphology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato (CA) 09042, Italy
| | - Marcello Trucas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cytomorphology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato (CA) 09042, Italy
| | - Jörgen Ekström
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 13, Box 431, Göteborg 40530, Sweden
| | - Marina Quartu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cytomorphology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato (CA) 09042, Italy.
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Loy F, Serra MP, Boi M, Isola R, Ekström J, Quartu M. Tyrosine-hydroxylase, dopamine β-hydroxylase and choline acetyltransferase-like immunoreactive fibres in the human major sublingual gland. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 109:104571. [PMID: 31586907 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the innervation of the major sublingual gland by means of immunohistochemistry. DESIGN Bioptic and autoptic specimens of the major sublingual gland of humans were examined for the presence of immunoreactivity to tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-β-hydroxylase, on one hand, and choline acetyltransferase, on the other, to indicate adrenergic and cholinergic nerves, respectively. RESULTS Acini and ducts were supplied by both divisions of the autonomic nervous system. CONCLUSIONS Mucous and seromucous cells of the human major sublingual glands may respond with secretion not only to parasympathetic activity but also to sympathetic activity. The major sublingual gland is therefore a potential contributor to the mucin secretion recently reported in the literature in response to high sympathetic activity during physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Loy
- Section of Cytomorphology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato CA, Italy.
| | - Maria Pina Serra
- Section of Cytomorphology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato CA, Italy.
| | - Marianna Boi
- Section of Cytomorphology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato CA, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Isola
- Section of Cytomorphology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato CA, Italy.
| | - Jörgen Ekström
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 13, Box 431, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Marina Quartu
- Section of Cytomorphology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato CA, Italy.
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Del Fiacco M, Quartu M, Ekström J, Melis T, Boi M, Isola M, Loy F, Serra MP. Effect of the neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide, peptide histidine methionine and substance P on human major salivary gland secretion. Oral Dis 2014; 21:216-23. [PMID: 24725136 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The parasympathetic transmitters vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and substance P (SP) are secretagogues in salivary glands of animals. Currently, we hypothesise that in human salivary glands, these neuropeptides and the VIP-related peptide histidine methionine (PHM) also exert secretory actions, reflected morphologically by exocytosis of acinar protein/glycoprotein-storing granules. MATERIALS AND METHODS Submandibular and parotid gland tissues, exposed in vitro to VIP and PHM, and SP, respectively, were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. For comparison, the response to in vitro stimulation of isoproterenol, phenylephrine and carbachol was examined. Moreover, the peptidergic innervation of the glands was examined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Vasoactive intestinal peptide- and PHM-immunoreactive nerves were in close proximity to acini and ducts in the two glands, while these elements lacked a SP-positive innervation. While no morphological changes occurred in response to SP (parotid glands), VIP and PHM administration (submandibular glands) caused conspicuous acinar degranulation accompanied by luminal space broadening. In the two glands, both α1 - and β-adrenergic receptor stimulation and muscarinic receptor stimulation caused similar changes as to VIP/PHM, although to varying extent. CONCLUSIONS Vasoactive intestinal peptide and PHM, but not SP, are likely transmitters in the parasympathetic control of salivary (protein) secretion in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Del Fiacco
- Section of Cytomorphology, Department of Biomedicals Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Halgand F, Zabrouskov V, Bassilian S, Souda P, Loo JA, Faull KF, Wong DT, Whitelegge JP. Defining intact protein primary structures from saliva: a step toward the human proteome project. Anal Chem 2012; 84:4383-95. [PMID: 22509742 DOI: 10.1021/ac203337s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Top-down mass spectrometry has been used to investigate structural diversity within some abundant salivary protein families. In this study, we report the identification of two isoforms of protein II-2 which differed in mass by less than 1 Da, the determination of a sequence for protein IB8a that was best satisfied by including a mutation and a covalent modification in the C-terminal part, and the assignment of a sequence of a previously unreported protein of mass 10433 Da. The final characterization of Peptide P-J was achieved, and the discovery of a truncated form of this peptide was reported. The first sequence assignment was done at low resolution using a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight instrument to quickly identify and characterize proteins, and data acquisition was switched to Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) for proteins that required additional sequence coverage and certainty of assignment. High-resolution and high mass accuracy mass spectrometry on a FTICR-mass spectrometry (MS) instrument combined with electron-capture dissociation (ECD) provided the most informative data sets, with the more frequent presence of "unique" ions that unambiguously define the primary structure. A mixture of predictable and unusual post-translational modifications in the protein sequence precluded the use of shotgun-annotated databases at this stage, requiring manual iterations of sequence refinement in many cases. This led us to propose guidelines for an iterative processing workflow of MS and MSMS data sets that allow researchers to completely assign the identity and the structure of a protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Halgand
- NPI-Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024, United States.
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Ding C, Zhang Y, Peng X, Wang Y, Zhang L, Cong X, Ding QW, Xiang RL, Wu LL, Yu GY. Proteomic Analysis of Human Transplanted Submandibular Gland in Patients with Epiphora after Transplantation. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:2206-15. [PMID: 21384922 DOI: 10.1021/pr100965q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Ding
- Center for Salivary Gland Diseases of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Salivary Gland Diseases of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Cong
- Center for Salivary Gland Diseases of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Wen Ding
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Xiang
- Center for Salivary Gland Diseases of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ling Wu
- Center for Salivary Gland Diseases of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Yan Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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