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Zhu L, Tang Z, Hu R, Gu M, Yang Y. Ageing and Inflammation: What Happens in Periodontium? Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1274. [PMID: 38002398 PMCID: PMC10669535 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with a high incidence and severity in the elderly population, making it a significant public health concern. Ageing is a primary risk factor for the development of periodontitis, exacerbating alveolar bone loss and leading to tooth loss in the geriatric population. Despite extensive research, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between ageing and periodontitis remain elusive. Understanding the intricate mechanisms that connect ageing and inflammation may help reveal new therapeutic targets and provide valuable options to tackle the challenges encountered by the rapidly expanding global ageing population. In this review, we highlight the latest scientific breakthroughs in the pathways by which inflammaging mediates the decline in periodontal function and triggers the onset of periodontitis. We also provide a comprehensive overview of the latest findings and discuss potential avenues for future research in this critical area of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yanqi Yang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (L.Z.); (Z.T.); (R.H.); (M.G.)
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2
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Kövér Z, Johansen Nordskag V, Bán Á, Gajdács M, Urbán E. The role of Actinomyces spp. and related organisms in cervicofacial infections: Pathomechanism, diagnosis and therapeutic aspects. Anaerobe 2023; 82:102767. [PMID: 37482285 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Members of the Actinomyces genus and Actinomyces-like organisms (ALOs; namely Actinotignum, Arcanobacterium, Schaalia and Varibaculum) are Gram-positive, non-spore-forming rods that are commensal members of the human oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, female genital tract and skin microbiota. Cervicofacial actinomycosis or "lumpy jaw syndrome" - the chronic, suppurative granulomatous disease caused by Actinomyces spp. And ALOs - is characterized by an initially slow and unspecific disease-presentation, which often mimics other pathologies, followed by the formation of painful abscesses and severe tissue destruction. Actinomycosis has been described as a rare disease, however, reliable epidemiological data are lacking. In addition, there is increasing awareness regarding the role of Actinomyces spp. in the development of osteoradionecrosis and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. The aim of this narrative review is to succinctly summarize the current advances regarding the microbiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of cervicofacial actinomycosis, in addition to the roles of Actinomyces species and ALOs as members of the oral microbiota and in dental biofilm, in other dental infections (caries, root canal infection, periapical infection, periodontitis) and osteonecrosis of the jaw, in the context of recent taxonomic changes affecting the genus. Our paper aims to be a blueprint for dentists, other physicians, microbiologists and researchers regarding the multifaceted field of cervicofacial actinomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsanett Kövér
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Pécs, Tüzér U. 1., 7623, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Vidar Johansen Nordskag
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Pécs, Tüzér U. 1., 7623, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Ágnes Bán
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Pécs, Tüzér U. 1., 7623, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Márió Gajdács
- Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 64-66., 6725, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Edit Urbán
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12., 7624, Pécs, Hungary.
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3
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Boot M, Archer J, Ali I. The diagnosis and management of pulmonary actinomycosis. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:490-500. [PMID: 36801629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare infection caused by the bacterial species actinomyces. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of pulmonary actinomycosis to improve awareness and knowledge. The literature was analysed using databases including Pubmed, Medline and Embase from 1974 to 2021. After inclusion and exclusion, a total of 142 papers were reviewed. Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare disease occurring in approximately 1 per 3,000,000 people annually. Historically, pulmonary actinomycosis was a common infection with high mortality; however, the infection has become rarer since the widespread use of penicillins. Actinomycosis is known as "the great masquerade"; however, it can be differentiated from other diseases with acid-fast negative ray-like bacilli and sulphur granules being pathognomonic. Complications of the infection include empyema, endocarditis, pericarditis, pericardial effusion, and sepsis. The mainstay of treatment is prolonged antibiotic therapy, with adjuvant surgery in severe cases. Future research should focus on multiple areas, including the potential risk secondary to immunosuppression from newer immunotherapies, the utility of newer diagnostic techniques and ongoing surveillance post-therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jack Archer
- Wagga Base Hospital, NSW, Australia; Wagga Rural Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Ishad Ali
- Bowral Hospital, NSW, Australia; Bowral Rural Clinical School, University of Wollongong, Australia
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4
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Li SD, Xing W, Wang SC, Li YB, Jiang H, Zheng HX, Li XM, Yang J, Guo DB, Xie XY, Jiang RQ, Fan C, Li L, Xu X, Fei J. Fibulin2: a negative regulator of BMSC osteogenic differentiation in infected bone fracture healing. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:443-456. [PMID: 36797542 PMCID: PMC9981700 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone fracture remains a common occurrence, with a population-weighted incidence of approximately 3.21 per 1000. In addition, approximately 2% to 50% of patients with skeletal fractures will develop an infection, one of the causes of disordered bone healing. Dysfunction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) plays a key role in disordered bone repair. However, the specific mechanisms underlying BMSC dysfunction caused by bone infection are largely unknown. In this study, we discovered that Fibulin2 expression was upregulated in infected bone tissues and that BMSCs were the source of infection-induced Fibulin2. Importantly, Fibulin2 knockout accelerated mineralized bone formation during skeletal development and inhibited inflammatory bone resorption. We demonstrated that Fibulin2 suppressed BMSC osteogenic differentiation by binding to Notch2 and inactivating the Notch2 signaling pathway. Moreover, Fibulin2 knockdown restored Notch2 pathway activation and promoted BMSC osteogenesis; these outcomes were abolished by DAPT, a Notch inhibitor. Furthermore, transplanted Fibulin2 knockdown BMSCs displayed better bone repair potential in vivo. Altogether, Fibulin2 is a negative regulator of BMSC osteogenic differentiation that inhibits osteogenesis by inactivating the Notch2 signaling pathway in infected bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Dan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Chuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Xuan Zheng
- Department of Nursing, Montreal Neurological Hospital, 3801 Rue University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- Department of Military Traffic Injury Prevention, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Bin Guo
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Qing Jiang
- Department for Combat Casualty Care Training, Training Base for Army Health Care, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Fan
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Fei
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.
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Ul-Haq A, Seo H, Jo S, Park H, Kim S, Lee Y, Lee S, Jeong JH, Song H. Characterization of Fecal Microbiomes of Osteoporotic Patients in Korea. Pol J Microbiol 2022; 71:601-613. [PMID: 36537058 PMCID: PMC9944973 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2022-045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An imbalanced gut microbiome has been linked to a higher risk of many bone-related diseases. The objective of this study was to discover biomarkers of osteoporosis (OP). So, we collected 76 stool samples (60 human controls and 16 OP patients), extracted DNA, and performed 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene-based amplicon sequencing. Among the taxa with an average taxonomic composition greater than 1%, only the Lachnospira genus showed a significant difference between the two groups. The Linear Discriminant Effect Size analysis and qPCR experiments indicated the Lachnospira genus as a potential biomarker of OP. Moreover, a total of 11 metabolic pathways varied between the two groups. Our study concludes that the genus Lachnospira is potentially crucial for diagnosing and treating osteoporosis. The findings of this study might help researchers better understand OP from a microbiome perspective. This research might develop more effective diagnostic and treatment methods for OP in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Ul-Haq
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoonhee Seo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea,Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Jo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuna Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyung Kim
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkyoung Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Saebim Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea,Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Hoon Jeong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeongi-do, Republic of Korea, H.-Y. Song, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; J.-H. Jeong, Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeongi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ho‑Yeon Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea,Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea, H.-Y. Song, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; J.-H. Jeong, Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Gyeongi-do, Republic of Korea;
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Jiang R, Liu Y, Zhang H, Chen Y, Liu T, Zeng J, Nie E, Chen S, Tan J. Distinctive microbiota of delayed healing of oral mucositis after radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1070322. [PMID: 36605128 PMCID: PMC9807904 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1070322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral mucositis is the most common complication after radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Previous studies had revealed that oral microbiota took great alteration soon after and during radiotherapy. Here, we aimed to investigate if the alteration of oral microbiota was related to delayed healing of oral mucositis after six month of radiotherapy. Methods We recruited 64 NPC patients and collected samples after six month of radiotherapy. 32 patients were included into normal healing group (N), 22 patients were mild delayed healing group (M), while 10 patients were severe delayed healing group (S). 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to assess and identify oral microbiota alteration. Results The diversity of oral microbial communities was not significantly different. Composition of oral microbial was huge different among S group, for the Actinobacteria and Veillonella were significantly increased, which showed significant dysbiosis of the oral microbiome. Functional analysis of metabolic pathways of oral microbiota demonstrated that degradation of organic acids and amino acids were significantly increased in S group. Moreover, phenotype analysis found that relative abundance of aerobic and biofilm formation were higher in S group. We also found the Actinobacteria co-occurred with Veillonellaceae, but anti-occurred with other biofilm oral bacteria. These two biomarkers may be predictable for severe delayed healing of oral mucositis after radiotherapy. Conclusion This study suggests a potential association between oral microbiome and delayed healing of oral mucositis. The Actinobacteria and Veillonellaceae may be biomarkers in predicting the risks for the severe delayed healing of oral mucositis after radiotherapy of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yafang Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yitang Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jindi Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ermin Nie
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songling Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jizhou Tan, ; Songling Chen,
| | - Jizhou Tan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jizhou Tan, ; Songling Chen,
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7
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The Relationship between the Oral Microbiota and Metabolic Syndrome. Biomedicines 2022; 11:biomedicines11010003. [PMID: 36672511 PMCID: PMC9855685 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral microbiota plays a crucial role in both systemic inflammation and metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is characterised by low-grade inflammation. Studies have analysed the gut microbiota using stool specimens from subjects with MetS; however, the etiological role of the oral microbiota in the development of MetS is still uncertain. We investigated the oral microbiota of 128 subgingival plaque samples from a South African cohort with and without MetS. After a comprehensive analysis of the oral microbiota, we observed a significant increase in Gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic microbiota in those with MetS. We observed an abundance of Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, and Fusobacterium genera in the MetS group, which differed significantly from previous studies, which found Granulicatella to be enriched in MetS. To further assess the impact of the metabolic parameters (FBG, Waist C, HDL, TGs, and BP) on the oral microbiota, we calculated the odds ratio (ORs) for significant oral microbiota identified between the MetS groups. We found that different species were associated with at least four MetS risk factors. This study has shown that the oral microbiota is disrupted in MetS and may promote inflammation providing a gateway to other systemic diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
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Effects of Long-Term Enclosed Environment on Human Health Based on the Analysis of Salivary Microbiota and Cytokines. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0025422. [PMID: 35254118 PMCID: PMC9045383 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00254-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term exposure to space environments may influence the human microbiome, the human immune system, and the intricate balance between the two, causing impaired immunity and increased disease susceptibility. It was previously believed that the main potential factors of long-term spaceflight on human health were microgravity and radiation.
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9
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Rausch P, Hartmann M, Baines JF, von Bismarck P. Analysis of the fecal and oral microbiota in chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:54. [PMID: 35193655 PMCID: PMC8862485 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02711-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare autoinflammatory bone disease for which a lack of bacterial involvement is a key diagnostic feature to distinguish it from other symptomatically related diseases. However, the growing evidence suggesting an involvement of the host-associated microbiota in rheumatic disorders together with the now wide accessibility of modern culture-independent methods warrant a closer examination of CRMO. METHODS In this study, we show through bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiling that numerous features of the oral- and fecal microbial communities differentiate children with and without CRMO. RESULTS Notably, communities in diseased children are characterized by a lack of potential probiotic bacteria in the fecal community and an overabundance of known pathobionts in the oral microbial communities. Of special interest is the HACEK group, a set of commonly known oral pathogens that are implicated in the development of several acute and chronic diseases such as osteitis and rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, we observe that gut bacterial communities in the diseased children appear to reflect an altered host physiology more strongly than the oral community, which could suggest an oral disease origin followed by propagation and/or responses beyond the oral cavity. CONCLUSIONS Bacterial communities, in particular the oral microbiota, may serve as an indicator of underlying susceptibility to CRMO, or play a yet undefined role in its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Rausch
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Meike Hartmann
- Clinic for General Pediatrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - John F Baines
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany.
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Philipp von Bismarck
- Clinic for General Pediatrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
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Episymbiotic Saccharibacteria suppresses gingival inflammation and bone loss in mice through host bacterial modulation. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:1649-1662.e7. [PMID: 34637779 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Saccharibacteria (TM7) are obligate epibionts living on the surface of their host bacteria and are strongly correlated with dysbiotic microbiomes during periodontitis and other inflammatory diseases, suggesting they are putative pathogens. However, due to the recalcitrance of TM7 cultivation, causal research to investigate their role in inflammatory diseases is lacking. Here, we isolated multiple TM7 species on their host bacteria from periodontitis patients. These TM7 species reduce inflammation and consequential bone loss by modulating host bacterial pathogenicity in a mouse ligature-induced periodontitis model. Two host bacterial functions involved in collagen binding and utilization of eukaryotic sialic acid are required for inducing bone loss and are altered by TM7 association. This TM7-mediated downregulation of host bacterial pathogenicity is shown for multiple TM7/host bacteria pairs, suggesting that, in contrast to their suspected pathogenic role, TM7 could protect mammalian hosts from inflammatory damage induced by their host bacteria.
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11
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Usui M, Onizuka S, Sato T, Kokabu S, Ariyoshi W, Nakashima K. Mechanism of alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis - Periodontal bacteria and inflammation. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2021; 57:201-208. [PMID: 34703508 PMCID: PMC8524191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease caused by periodontopathogenic bacteria, which eventually leads to bone tissue (alveolar bone) destruction as inflammation persists. Periodontal tissues have an immune system against the invasion of these bacteria, however, due to the persistent infection by periodontopathogenic bacteria, the host innate and acquired immunity is impaired, and tissue destruction, including bone tissue destruction, occurs. Osteoclasts are essential for bone destruction. Osteoclast progenitor cells derived from hematopoietic stem cells differentiate into osteoclasts. In addition, bone loss occurs when bone resorption by osteoclasts exceeds bone formation by osteoblasts. In inflammatory bone disease, inflammatory cytokines act on osteoblasts and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-producing cells, resulting in osteoclast differentiation and activation. In addition to this mechanism, pathogenic factors of periodontal bacteria and mechanical stress activate osteoclasts and destruct alveolar bone in periodontitis. In this review, we focused on the mechanism of osteoclast activation in periodontitis and provide an overview based on the latest findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihiko Usui
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Function, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan
| | - Satoru Onizuka
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Function, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, 38 Moro-hongou, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Kokabu
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan
| | - Wataru Ariyoshi
- Division of Infection and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakashima
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Function, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan
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12
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Desta NT. Pathophysiological association between periodontal disease and Alzheimer's disease: Importance of periodontal health in the elderly. J Oral Biosci 2021; 63:351-359. [PMID: 34637820 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the global aging population is rapidly advancing, recognizing the full potential of periodontal disease (PD) in the onset or progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is important for reducing geriatric morbidity. This review explores the possible role of PD in the pathogenesis of AD, as the pathological mechanisms underlying AD are the most well-studied among all types of dementia. The investigation was conducted using the electronic academic databases PubMed and ScienceDirect, employing a combination of keywords "periodontal disease," "periodontitis," "Alzheimer's disease," "dementia," and "Porphyromonas gingivalis." After applying the selection and eligibility criteria and removing overlaps, from an initial search finding of 5933 studies, 11 were finally included for qualitative analysis. HIGHLIGHT The inflammatory reaction induced by oral pathogenic bacteria related to PD, through complex pathways, may exacerbate inflammation in the central nervous system, thereby contributing to the progression of AD. CONCLUSION Maintenance of adequate oral hygiene in patients diagnosed with AD is significant because they suffer from a gradual loss of manual dexterity as the disease advances. Additionally, the evidence presents the potential of systemic inflammation from PD-induced pathogenic bacteria, illustrating the grave cyclical progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- N T Desta
- Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Faculty of Health Science, Carrer Luis Vives, 1, 46115, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain.
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13
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Ta LDH, Tay CJX, Lay C, de Sessions PF, Tan CPT, Tay MJY, Lau HX, Zulkifli AB, Yap GC, Tham EH, Ho EXP, Goh AEN, Godfrey KM, Eriksson JG, Knol J, Gluckman PD, Chong YS, Chan JKY, Tan KH, Chong KW, Goh SH, Cheng ZR, Lee BW, Shek LPC, Loo EXL. Household environmental microbiota influences early-life eczema development. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:7710-7722. [PMID: 34309161 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to a diverse microbial environment during pregnancy and early postnatal period is important in determining predisposition towards allergy. However, the effect of environmental microbiota exposure during preconception, pregnancy and postnatal life on development of allergy in the child has not been investigated so far. In the S-PRESTO (Singapore PREconception Study of long Term maternal and child Outcomes) cohort, we collected house dust during all three critical window periods and analysed microbial composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. At 6 and 18 months, the child was assessed for eczema by clinicians. In the eczema group, household environmental microbiota was characterized by presence of human-associated bacteria Actinomyces, Anaerococcus, Finegoldia, Micrococcus, Prevotella and Propionibacterium at all time points, suggesting their possible contributions to regulating host immunity and increasing the susceptibility to eczema. In the home environment of the control group, putative protective effect of an environmental microbe Planomicrobium (Planococcaceae family) was observed to be significantly higher than that in the eczema group. Network correlation analysis demonstrated inverse relationships between beneficial Planomicrobium and human-associated bacteria (Actinomyces, Anaerococcus, Finegoldia, Micrococcus, Prevotella and Propionibacterium). Exposure to natural environmental microbiota may be beneficial to modulate shed human-associated microbiota in an indoor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Duc Huy Ta
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carina Jing Xuan Tay
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christophe Lay
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Danone Nutricia Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paola Florez de Sessions
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheryl Pei Ting Tan
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michelle Jia Yu Tay
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Xing Lau
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Atiqa Binte Zulkifli
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gaik Chin Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eliza Xin Pei Ho
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anne Eng Neo Goh
- Allergy Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.,Medical Research Council Life course Epidemiology Unit, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jan Knol
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry Kok Yen Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kok Wee Chong
- Allergy Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Si Hui Goh
- Allergy Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zai Ru Cheng
- Respiratory Medicine Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bee Wah Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lynette Pei-Chi Shek
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Evelyn Xiu Ling Loo
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
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14
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Kwon Y, Park C, Lee J, Park DH, Jeong S, Yun CH, Park OJ, Han SH. Regulation of Bone Cell Differentiation and Activation by Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115805. [PMID: 34071605 PMCID: PMC8197933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota has emerged as an important regulator of bone homeostasis. In particular, the modulation of innate immunity and bone homeostasis is mediated through the interaction between microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and the host pattern recognition receptors including Toll-like receptors and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domains. Pathogenic bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Staphylococcus aureus tend to induce bone destruction and cause various inflammatory bone diseases including periodontal diseases, osteomyelitis, and septic arthritis. On the other hand, probiotic bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species can prevent bone loss. In addition, bacterial metabolites and various secretory molecules such as short chain fatty acids and cyclic nucleotides can also affect bone homeostasis. This review focuses on the regulation of osteoclast and osteoblast by MAMPs including cell wall components and secretory microbial molecules under in vitro and in vivo conditions. MAMPs could be used as potential molecular targets for treating bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis and periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongkag Kwon
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.P.); (J.L.); (D.H.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Chaeyeon Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.P.); (J.L.); (D.H.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Jueun Lee
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.P.); (J.L.); (D.H.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Dong Hyun Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.P.); (J.L.); (D.H.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Sungho Jeong
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.P.); (J.L.); (D.H.P.); (S.J.)
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Ok-Jin Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.P.); (J.L.); (D.H.P.); (S.J.)
- Correspondence: (O.-J.P.); (S.H.H.); Tel.: +82-2-880-2312 (O.-J.P.); +82-2-880-2310 (S.H.H.)
| | - Seung Hyun Han
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (Y.K.); (C.P.); (J.L.); (D.H.P.); (S.J.)
- Correspondence: (O.-J.P.); (S.H.H.); Tel.: +82-2-880-2312 (O.-J.P.); +82-2-880-2310 (S.H.H.)
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15
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Oba PM, Carroll MQ, Alexander C, Valentine H, Somrak AJ, Keating SCJ, Sage AM, Swanson KS. Microbiota populations in supragingival plaque, subgingival plaque, and saliva habitats of adult dogs. Anim Microbiome 2021; 3:38. [PMID: 34001282 PMCID: PMC8130298 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-021-00100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral diseases are common in dogs, with microbiota playing a prominent role in the disease process. Oral cavity habitats harbor unique microbiota populations that have relevance to health and disease. Despite their importance, the canine oral cavity microbial habitats have been poorly studied. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize the oral microbiota of different habitats of dogs and (2) correlate oral health scores with bacterial taxa and identify what sites may be good options for understanding the role of microbiota in oral diseases. We used next-generation sequencing to characterize the salivary (SAL), subgingival (SUB), and supragingival (SUP) microbial habitats of 26 healthy adult female Beagle dogs (4.0 ± 1.2 year old) and identify taxa associated with periodontal disease indices. Results Bacterial species richness was highest for SAL, moderate for SUB, and lowest for SUP samples (p < 0.001). Unweighted and weighted principal coordinates plots showed clustering by habitat, with SAL and SUP samples being the most different from one another. Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Spirochaetes were the predominant phyla in all habitats. Paludibacter, Filifactor, Peptostreptococcus, Fusibacter, Anaerovorax, Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, Desulfomicrobium, and TG5 were enriched in SUB samples, while Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Leucobacter, Euzebya, Capnocytophaga, Bergeyella, Lautropia, Lampropedia, Desulfobulbus, Enhydrobacter, and Moraxella were enriched in SUP samples. Prevotella, SHD-231, Helcococcus, Treponema, and Acholeplasma were enriched in SAL samples. p-75-a5, Arcobacter, and Pasteurella were diminished in SUB samples. Porphyromonas, Peptococcus, Parvimonas, and Campylobacter were diminished in SUP samples, while Tannerella, Proteocalla, Schwartzia, and Neisseria were diminished in SAL samples. Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Capnocytophaga, Leptotrichia, and Neisseria were associated with higher oral health scores (worsened health) in plaque samples. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the differences that exist among canine salivary, subgingival plaque and supragingival plaque habitats. Salivary samples do not require sedation and are easy to collect, but do not accurately represent the plaque populations that are most important to oral disease. Plaque Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Capnocytophaga, Leptotrichia, and Neisseria were associated with higher (worse) oral health scores. Future studies analyzing samples from progressive disease stages are needed to validate these results and understand the role of bacteria in periodontal disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia M Oba
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, 162 Animal Sciences Laboratory, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Meredith Q Carroll
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, 162 Animal Sciences Laboratory, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Celeste Alexander
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Helen Valentine
- Division of Animal Resources, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Amy J Somrak
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Stephanie C J Keating
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Adrianna M Sage
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2015 Linden Dr, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Kelly S Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 West Gregory Drive, 162 Animal Sciences Laboratory, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA. .,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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16
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Katayama T, Sato T, Hamada N, Goda S, Yamaguchi T, Tsukinoki K, Handa K. Effects of Jixueteng on Experimental Periodontitis During Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Rats. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211002419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, natural ingredients have focused on the inhibition of bacteria-induced alveolar bone resorption in orthodontic treatment. Jixueteng (Jix), a Chinese traditional medicine, contains several kinds of flavonoids given their biological properties. We evaluated the effects of Jix on experimental periodontitis during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in rats. To this end, 9-week-old male Wistar rats, which were equipped with orthodontic appliance, were orally infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), while Jix was administered in their drinking water. A total of 28 days after the beginning of OTM, alveolar bone resorption on the right side of the upper jaws was scanned with micro-computed tomography. These were also used as histological specimens and underwent tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. TRAP-positive multinucleated cells were counted as osteoclasts. As a result, the distance of tooth movement in the OTM and Pg infection with Jix administration (OTM + Pg + Jix) group was the same as that of the sham-infected group. The amount of bone resorption and number of osteoclasts in the OTM + Pg + Jix group was more significantly decreased than that in the OTM and Pg-infected group ( P < 0.05). Hence, Jix had little effect on OTM and inhibited Pg-induced alveolar bone destruction. We suggested that the administration of Jix can support tooth movement and contribute to the prevention of periodontitis during orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taira Katayama
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takenori Sato
- Division of Oral Biochemistry, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobushiro Hamada
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Seiji Goda
- Department of Physiology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Yamaguchi
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keiichi Tsukinoki
- Division of Environmental Pathology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Handa
- Division of Oral Biochemistry, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
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17
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Ozaki Y, Kishimoto T, Yamashita Y, Kaneko T, Higuchi K, Mae M, Oohira M, Mohammad AI, Yanagiguchi K, Yoshimura A. Expression of osteoclastogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines differs in mouse gingiva injected with lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan, or both. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 122:104990. [PMID: 33259988 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bacterial substances in subgingival biofilm evoke alveolar bone resorption. We previously reported that gingival injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PGN) induced alveolar bone resorption in mice. However, the mechanism by which LPS and PGN induce osteoclast formation has not been investigated. The aim of this study is to clarify the role of osteoclastogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines in the alveolar bone resorption induced by LPS and PGN. MATERIALS LPS from Escherichia coli, PGN from Staphylococcus aureus, or both were injected into the gingiva of mice every 48 h for a total of 13 times. Alveolar bone resorption was assessed histochemically by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. Expression of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-17, and IL-10 were analyzed by immunostaining. To analyze the role of these cytokines, RANKL-pretreated mouse bone marrow macrophages were stimulated with LPS, PGN, or LPS + PGN with or without anti-TNF-α antibody, IL-17, or IL-10. RESULTS Alveolar bone resorption was induced by both LPS and PGN and exacerbated by LPS + PGN. LPS induced higher RANKL expression than PGN. Expression of TNF-α and IL-10 was correlated with bone resorption. PGN injections induced the strongest expression of IL-17, followed by LPS + PGN and LPS. In an in vitro osteoclastogenesis assay, anti-TNF-α antibody and IL-10 inhibited osteoclast formation, but IL-17 promoted it. CONCLUSION LPS, PGN, or LPS + PGN injections induce distinctive expression of TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-17, suggesting that the composition of these bacterial ligands in dental plaque is critical for alveolar bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Ozaki
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Takaaki Kishimoto
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan; Kishimoto Dental Office, Oita, Japan
| | - Yasunori Yamashita
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaneko
- Center for Oral Diseases, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kanako Higuchi
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Megumi Mae
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Oohira
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Alam Ibtehaz Mohammad
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kajiro Yanagiguchi
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Atsutoshi Yoshimura
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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18
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Lin M, Li X, Wang J, Cheng C, Zhang T, Han X, Song Y, Wang Z, Wang S. Saliva Microbiome Changes in Patients With Periodontitis With and Without Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:124. [PMID: 32351901 PMCID: PMC7175749 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The oral microbiota plays a key part in the initial colonization by pathogens and the chronic inflammatory reaction of the host. We measured variations in the salivary microbiota and evaluated their potential associations with periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: We investigated the salivary microbiota of patients with COPD and periodontitis (n = 21) compared with that in patients with periodontitis alone (n = 36) and with healthy controls (HCs; n = 14), using pyrosequencing of polymerase chain reaction-amplified 16s rRNA genes. Results: Bacterial richness and diversity were significantly higher in patients suffering from COPD, and the bacterial family Lachnospiraceae was observed frequently only among patients with COPD and periodontitis. Veillonella, Rothia, Actinomyces, and Fusobacterium were the core bacterial genera that showed significant differences among patients with coincident COPD and periodontitis, patients with periodontitis alone, and HCs (p < 0.05). Veillonella, Rothia, and Actinomyces were observed much more frequently in patients with COPD and periodontitis, compared with that in HCs. All tested populations were divided into subgroups based on sex, smoking, or periodontitis index. In the subgroup with a bleeding index >2, Rothia was significantly different in periodontitis with and without COPD groups compared with HCs. In the subgroup with a plaque index >2.5, Rothia and Veillonella showed significant differences in periodontitis with and without COPD groups compared with HCs. Conclusion: Variations in salivary microbiota may be associated with COPD and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefen Li
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jitian Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaozhe Han
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Yiqing Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Zuomin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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19
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Li W, Ma ZS. FBA Ecological Guild: Trio of Firmicutes-Bacteroidetes Alliance against Actinobacteria in Human Oral Microbiome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:287. [PMID: 31937838 PMCID: PMC6959321 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In a pioneering study, Zaura et al. (2009) found that majority of oral microbes fall within the five phyla including, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria. Subsequent studies further identified a set of microbes that were commonly shared among unrelated individuals (i.e., core). However, these existing studies may have not been designed to investigate the interactions among various core species. Here by harnessing the power of ecological network analysis, we identified some important ecological guilds in the form of network clusters. In particular, we found that the strongest cluster is an alliance between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes against Actinobacteria (FBA-guild). Within the guild, we further identified two sub-guilds, the Actinobacteria-dominant sub-guild (ASG) and Firmicutes-dominant allied with Bacteroidetes sub-guild (FBSG). Furthermore, we identified so-termed guard nodes in both sub-guilds, and their role may be to inhibit the peer sub-guild given they held competitive interactions only with the outside nodes only but held cooperative interactions only with the internal nodes, which we termed civilian nodes given that they only held cooperative interactions. We postulated that FBA-guild might be to do with protection of oral health against some opportunistic pathogens from Corynebacterium and Actinomyces, the two major genera of Actinobacteria (target of FB alliance).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Li
- Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zhanshan Sam Ma
- Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
- Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
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20
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Gajdács M, Urbán E, Terhes G. Microbiological and Clinical Aspects of Cervicofacial Actinomyces Infections: An Overview. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7030085. [PMID: 31480587 PMCID: PMC6784480 DOI: 10.3390/dj7030085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Similarly to other non-spore-forming Gram-positive anaerobes, members of the Actinomyces genus are important saprophytic constituents of the normal microbiota of humans. Actinomyces infections are considered to be rare, with cervicofacial infections (also known as ‘lumpy jaw syndrome’) being the most prevalent type in the clinical practice. Actinomycoses are characterized by a slowly progressing (indolent) infection, with non-specific symptoms, and additionally, the clinical presentation of the signs/symptoms can mimic other pathologies, such as solid tumors, active Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections, nocardiosis, fungal infections, infarctions, and so on. The clinical diagnosis of actinomycosis may be difficult due to its non-specific symptoms and the fastidious, slow-growing nature of the pathogens, requiring an anaerobic atmosphere for primary isolation. Based on 111 references, the aim of this review is to summarize current advances regarding the clinical features, diagnostics, and therapy of cervicofacial Actinomyces infections and act as a paper for dentistry specialists, other physicians, and clinical microbiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márió Gajdács
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Eötvös utca 6., Hungary.
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Semmelweis utca 6., Hungary.
| | - Edit Urbán
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Dóm tér 10., Hungary
| | - Gabriella Terhes
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Semmelweis utca 6., Hungary
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Bedree JK, Bor B, Cen L, Edlund A, Lux R, McLean JS, Shi W, He X. Quorum Sensing Modulates the Epibiotic-Parasitic Relationship Between Actinomyces odontolyticus and Its Saccharibacteria epibiont, a Nanosynbacter lyticus Strain, TM7x. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2049. [PMID: 30319555 PMCID: PMC6166536 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultra-small, obligate parasitic epibiont, TM7x, the first and only current member of the long-elusive Saccharibacteria (formerly the TM7 phylum) phylum to be cultivated, was isolated in co-culture with its bacterial host, Actinomyces odontolyticus subspecies actinosynbacter, XH001. Initial phenotypic characterization of the TM7x-associated XH001 co-culture revealed enhanced biofilm formation in the presence of TM7x compared to XH001 as monoculture. Genomic analysis and previously published transcriptomic profiling of XH001 also revealed the presence of a putative AI-2 quorum sensing (QS) operon, which was highly upregulated upon association of TM7x with XH001. This analysis revealed that the most highly induced gene in XH001 was an lsrB ortholog, which encodes a putative periplasmic binding protein for the auto inducer (AI)-2 QS signaling molecule. Further genomic analyses suggested the lsrB operon in XH001 is a putative hybrid AI-2/ribose transport operon as well as the existence of a luxS ortholog, which encodes the AI-2 synthase. In this study, the potential role of AI-2 QS in the epibiotic-parasitic relationship between XH001 and TM7x in the context of biofilm formation was investigated. A genetic system for XH001 was developed to generate lsrB and luxS gene deletion mutants in XH001. Phenotypic characterization demonstrated that deletion mutations in either lsrB or luxS did not affect XH001's growth dynamic, mono-species biofilm formation capability, nor its ability to associate with TM7x. TM7x association with XH001 induced lsrB gene expression in a luxS-dependent manner. Intriguingly, unlike wild type XH001, which displayed significantly increased biofilm formation upon establishing the epibiotic-parasitic relationship with TM7x, XH001ΔlsrB, and XH001ΔluxS mutants failed to achieve enhanced biofilm formation when associated with TM7x. In conclusion, we demonstrated a significant role for AI-2 QS in modulating dual-species biofilm formation when XH001 and TM7x establish their epibiotic-parasitic relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph K Bedree
- Section of Oral Biology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Batbileg Bor
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Lujia Cen
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Anna Edlund
- Department of Genomic Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Renate Lux
- Section of Periodontics, Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jeffrey S McLean
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Wenyuan Shi
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Xuesong He
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
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Ling Z, Liu F, Shao L, Cheng Y, Li L. Dysbiosis of the Urinary Microbiota Associated With Urine Levels of Proinflammatory Chemokine Interleukin-8 in Female Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1032. [PMID: 28943876 PMCID: PMC5603796 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence has shown that dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota existed in female type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Perturbations of intestinal microbiota are linked to proinflammatory chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8); however, the correlations between urinary microbiota and IL-8 are not well studied. Here, we investigated the associations between the altered urinary microbiota and urinary IL-8 in female T2DM patients. A modified four-tube midstream urine technique was used to collect urine specimens from 70 female T2DM patients and 70 matched healthy controls (HCs). Bacterial genomic DNA from urine specimens was isolated using magnetic beads and the urinary microbiota was assessed using Illumina MiSeq platform targeting on the 16S rRNA gene V3–V4 region. Urinary IL-8 was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Subsequently, the T2DM patients were separated into urine IL-8 detectable (WIL8) and undetectable (NIL8) groups, and the composition of urinary microbiota between the two groups was compared. Meanwhile, the levels of IL-8 between the “≥HCs” group (those specific bacterial genera were more than or equal to the HCs) and the “<HCs” group (those specific bacterial genera were less than the HCs) was also compared. Of 70 urine samples from T2DM patients without urinary tract infections, 46 patients had detectable IL-8 in their urine (64.31 ± 70.43 pg/mL), while 24 patients had undetectable IL-8. Compared to the NIL8 group, 11 bacterial genera increased in the WIL8 group, including Corynebacterium, Akkermansia, Enterococcus, etc., whereas 10 genera, such as Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, and Pseudomonas decreased. One species of Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus iners, increased obviously in the WIL8 group. The “≥HCs” group showed 17 genera increased and 16 genera decreased. In addition, 18 genera contributed to the presence of urinary IL-8 in T2DM patients, which explained 95.60% of the total variance of urinary microbiota. Our study demonstrated that dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota with several key bacteria was associated with urinary IL-8 in female T2DM patients, which might be useful to explore the interactions between urinary microbiota and inflammatory responses and shed light on novel diagnosis and therapy for urinary microbiota associated with infections in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxin Ling
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengping Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Nursing School, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Li Shao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Boyanova L, Kolarov R, Mateva L, Markovska R, Mitov I. Actinomycosis: a frequently forgotten disease. Future Microbiol 2016; 10:613-28. [PMID: 25865197 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.14.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinomycosis is a rare subacute or chronic, endogenous infection mainly by Actinomyces species, showing low virulence through fimbriae and biofilms. Cervicofacial, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic and sometimes cerebral, laryngeal, urinary and other regions can be affected. Actinomycosis mimics other diseases, often malignancy. Disease risk in immunocompromised subjects needs clarification. Diagnosis is often delayed and 'sulfur granules' are helpful but nonspecific. Culture requires immediate specimen transport and prolonged anaerobic incubation. Imaging, histology, cytology, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and molecular methods improve the diagnosis. Actinomycetes are β-lactam susceptible, occasionally resistant. Treatment includes surgery and/or long-term parenteral then oral antibiotics, but some 1-4-week regimens or oral therapy alone were curative. For prophylaxis, oral hygiene and regular intrauterine device replacement are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Boyanova
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria
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24
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Saita M, Kaneko J, Sato T, Takahashi SS, Wada-Takahashi S, Kawamata R, Sakurai T, Lee MCI, Hamada N, Kimoto K, Nagasaki Y. Novel antioxidative nanotherapeutics in a rat periodontitis model: Reactive oxygen species scavenging by redox injectable gel suppresses alveolar bone resorption. Biomaterials 2016; 76:292-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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25
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Bor B, Poweleit N, Bois JS, Cen L, Bedree JK, Zhou ZH, Gunsalus RP, Lux R, McLean JS, He X, Shi W. Phenotypic and Physiological Characterization of the Epibiotic Interaction Between TM7x and Its Basibiont Actinomyces. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2016; 71:243-55. [PMID: 26597961 PMCID: PMC4688200 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-015-0711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite many examples of obligate epibiotic symbiosis (one organism living on the surface of another) in nature, such an interaction has rarely been observed between two bacteria. Here, we further characterize a newly reported interaction between a human oral obligate parasitic bacterium TM7x (cultivated member of Candidatus Saccharimonas formerly Candidate Phylum TM7), and its basibiont Actinomyces odontolyticus species (XH001), providing a model system to study epiparasitic symbiosis in the domain Bacteria. Detailed microscopic studies indicate that both partners display extensive morphological changes during symbiotic growth. XH001 cells manifested as short rods in monoculture, but displayed elongated and hyphal morphology when physically associated with TM7x. Interestingly, these dramatic morphological changes in XH001 were also induced in oxygen-depleted conditions, even in the absence of TM7x. Targeted quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses revealed that both the physical association with TM7x as well as oxygen depletion triggered up-regulation of key stress response genes in XH001, and in combination, these conditions act in an additive manner. TM7x and XH001 co-exist with relatively uniform cell morphologies under nutrient-replete conditions. However, upon nutrient depletion, TM7x-associated XH001 displayed a variety of cell morphologies, including swollen cell body, clubbed-ends, and even cell lysis, and a large portion of TM7x cells transformed from ultrasmall cocci into elongated cells. Our study demonstrates a highly dynamic interaction between epibiont TM7x and its basibiont XH001 in response to physical association or environmental cues such as oxygen level and nutritional status, as reflected by their morphological and physiological changes during symbiotic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batbileg Bor
- Section of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Nicole Poweleit
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Justin S Bois
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, MC 114-96, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Lujia Cen
- Section of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Joseph K Bedree
- Section of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Z Hong Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Robert P Gunsalus
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Renate Lux
- Section of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jeffrey S McLean
- Department of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Xuesong He
- Section of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Wenyuan Shi
- Section of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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26
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Mulé MP, Giacalone D, Lawlor K, Golden A, Cook C, Lott T, Aksten E, O'Toole GA, Bergeron LJ. Iron-dependent gene expression in Actinomyces oris. J Oral Microbiol 2015; 7:29800. [PMID: 26685151 PMCID: PMC4684579 DOI: 10.3402/jom.v7.29800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Actinomyces oris is a Gram-positive bacterium that has been associated with healthy and diseased sites in the human oral cavity. Most pathogenic bacteria require iron to survive, and in order to acquire iron in the relatively iron-scarce oral cavity A. oris has been shown to produce iron-binding molecules known as siderophores. The genes encoding these siderophores and transporters are thought to be regulated by the amount of iron in the growth medium and by the metal-dependent repressor, AmdR, which we showed previously binds to the promoter of proposed iron-regulated genes. Objective The purpose of this study was to characterize siderophore and associated iron transport systems in A. oris.
Design We examined gene expression of the putative iron transport genes fetA and sidD in response to low- and high-iron environments. One of these genes, sidD, encoding a putative Fe ABC transporter protein, was insertionally inactivated and was examined for causing growth defects. To gain a further understanding of the role of iron metabolism in oral diseases, clinical isolates of Actinomyces spp. were examined for the presence of the gene encoding AmdR, a proposed global regulator of iron-dependent gene expression in A. oris.
Results When A. oris was grown under iron-limiting conditions, the genes encoding iron/siderophore transporters fetA and sidD showed increased expression. One of these genes (sidD) was mutated, and the sidD::Km strain exhibited a 50% reduction in growth in late log and stationary phase cells in media that contained iron. This growth defect was restored when the sidD gene was provided in a complemented strain. We were able to isolate the AmdR-encoding gene in seven clinical isolates of Actinomyces. When these protein sequences were aligned to the laboratory strain, there was a high degree of sequence similarity. Conclusions The growth of the sidD::Km mutant in iron-replete medium mirrored the growth of the wild-type strain grown in iron-limiting medium, suggesting that the sidD::Km mutant was compromised in iron uptake. The known iron regulator AmdR is well conserved in clinical isolates of A. oris. This work provides additional insight into iron metabolism in this important oral microbe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Mulé
- Department of Biology, New England College, Henniker, NH, USA
| | - David Giacalone
- Department of Biology, New England College, Henniker, NH, USA
| | - Kayla Lawlor
- Department of Biology, New England College, Henniker, NH, USA
| | - Alexa Golden
- Department of Biology, New England College, Henniker, NH, USA
| | - Caroline Cook
- Department of Biology, New England College, Henniker, NH, USA
| | - Thomas Lott
- Department of Biology, New England College, Henniker, NH, USA
| | | | - George A O'Toole
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Lori J Bergeron
- Department of Biology, New England College, Henniker, NH, USA;
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27
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Vielkind P, Jentsch H, Eschrich K, Rodloff AC, Stingu CS. Prevalence of Actinomyces spp. in patients with chronic periodontitis. Int J Med Microbiol 2015; 305:682-8. [PMID: 26324012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the prevalence of Actinomyces spp. in shallow, deep and very deep pockets of patients with chronic periodontitis compared to healthy controls and correlated the results with clinical status. Twenty patients with chronic periodontitis and 15 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Clinical indices were recorded in a six-point measurement per tooth. From each patient samples of supra and subgingival plaque were taken separately from teeth with shallow, deep and very deep pockets. Samples of supragingival plaque and sulcular microflora were collected from the healthy subjects. All the samples were cultivated on different media at 37̊C in an anaerobic atmosphere for 7 days. All the suspect colonies were identified using a rapid ID 32 A system (bioMèrieux) and MALDI-TOF-MS analysis using an Autoflex II Instrument (Bruker Daltonics) together with in house developed identification software and a reference spectra database. A total of 977 strains were identified as Actinomyces. Actinomyces naeslundii/oris/johnsonii (430 isolates) was the most prevalent species and was found in all patients and in almost all of the healthy subjects. Significant differences (p=0.003) between the groups were found for Actinomyces odontolyticus/meyeri and Actinomyces israelii which were associated with periodontitis patients. Actinomyces dentalis was found in higher percentage (p=0.015) in the periodontitis group. Actinomyces gerencseriae and Actinomyces massiliensis were significantly more often found supragingivally than subgingivally (p=0.004, p=0.022, respectively) in the periodontitis group. Whether some Actinomyces species, definitely important plaque formers, are actively involved in the pathogenicity of chronic periodontitis needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Vielkind
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Consultant Laboratory for Anaerobic Bacteria, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Jentsch
- Center for Periodontology, Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Klaus Eschrich
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arne C Rodloff
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Consultant Laboratory for Anaerobic Bacteria, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Catalina-Suzana Stingu
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Consultant Laboratory for Anaerobic Bacteria, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Cultivation of a human-associated TM7 phylotype reveals a reduced genome and epibiotic parasitic lifestyle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:244-9. [PMID: 25535390 PMCID: PMC4291631 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1419038112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The candidate phylum TM7 is globally distributed and often associated with human inflammatory mucosal diseases. Despite its prevalence, the TM7 phylum remains recalcitrant to cultivation, making it one of the most enigmatic phyla known. In this study, we cultivated a TM7 phylotype (TM7x) from the human oral cavity. This extremely small coccus (200-300 nm) has a distinctive lifestyle not previously observed in human-associated microbes. It is an obligate epibiont of an Actinomyces odontolyticus strain (XH001) yet also has a parasitic phase, thereby killing its host. This first completed genome (705 kb) for a human-associated TM7 phylotype revealed a complete lack of amino acid biosynthetic capacity. Comparative genomics analyses with uncultivated environmental TM7 assemblies show remarkable conserved gene synteny and only minimal gene loss/gain that may have occurred as TM7x adapted to conditions within the human host. Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles provided the first indications, to our knowledge, that there is signaling interaction between TM7x and XH001. Furthermore, the induction of TNF-α production in macrophages by XH001 was repressed in the presence of TM7x, suggesting its potential immune suppression ability. Overall, our data provide intriguing insights into the uncultivability, pathogenicity, and unique lifestyle of this previously uncharacterized oral TM7 phylotype.
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Noble JM, Scarmeas N, Celenti RS, Elkind MSV, Wright CB, Schupf N, Papapanou PN. Serum IgG antibody levels to periodontal microbiota are associated with incident Alzheimer disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114959. [PMID: 25522313 PMCID: PMC4270775 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis and Alzheimer disease (AD) are associated with systemic inflammation. This research studied serum IgG to periodontal microbiota as possible predictors of incident AD. Methods Using a case-cohort study design, 219 subjects (110 incident AD cases and 109 controls without incident cognitive impairment at last follow-up), matched on race-ethnicity, were drawn from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a cohort of longitudinally followed northern Manhattan residents aged >65 years. Mean follow-up was five years (SD 2.6). In baseline sera, serum IgG levels were determined for bacteria known to be positively or negatively associated with periodontitis (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Y4, Treponema denticola, Campylobacter rectus, Eubacterium nodatum, and Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies-2). In all analyses, we used antibody threshold levels shown to correlate with presence of moderate-severe periodontitis. Results Mean age was 72 years (SD 6.9) for controls, and 79 years (SD 4.6) for cases (p<0.001). Non-Hispanic Whites comprised 26%, non-Hispanic Blacks 27%, and Hispanics 48% of the sample. In a model adjusting for baseline age, sex, education, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, prior history of stroke, and apolipoprotein E genotype, high anti-A. naeslundii titer (>640 ng/ml, present in 10% of subjects) was associated with increased risk of AD (HR = 2.0, 95%CI: 1.1–3.8). This association was stronger after adjusting for other significant titers (HR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.5–6.4). In this model, high anti-E. nodatum IgG (>1755 ng/ml; 19% of subjects) was associated with lower risk of AD (HR = 0.5, 95%CI: 0.2–0.9). Conclusions Serum IgG levels to common periodontal microbiota are associated with risk for developing incident AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M. Noble
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Social Medicine, Psychiatry, and Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Romanita S. Celenti
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mitchell S. V. Elkind
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Clinton B. Wright
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology & Public Health Sciences, and the Neuroscience Program, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Panos N. Papapanou
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
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Huh JE, Lee WI, Kang JW, Nam D, Choi DY, Park DS, Lee SH, Lee JD. Formononetin attenuates osteoclastogenesis via suppressing the RANKL-induced activation of NF-κB, c-Fos, and nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:2423-31. [PMID: 25397676 DOI: 10.1021/np500417d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Formononetin (1), a plant-derived phytoestrogen, possesses bone protective properties. To address the potential therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of action of 1, we investigated its antiosteoclastogenic activity and its effect on nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL)-induced bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). Compound 1 markedly inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in the absence of cytotoxicity, by regulating the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and RANKL in BMMs and in cocultured osteoblasts. Compound 1 significantly inhibited RANKL-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) in a concentration-dependent manner. These effects were accompanied by a decrease in RANKL-induced activation of the NF-κB p65 subunit, degradation of inhibitor κBα (IκBα), induction of NF-κB, and phosphorylation of AKT, extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). NF-κB siRNA suppressed AKT, ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Furthermore, 1 significantly suppressed c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), key transcription factors during osteoclastogenesis. SP600125, a specific inhibitor of JNK, reduced RANKL-induced expression of phospho-c-Jun, c-Fos, and NFATc1 and inhibited osteoclast formation. These results suggested that 1 acted as an antiresorption agent by blocking osteoclast activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Eun Huh
- Oriental Medicine Research Center for Bone and Joint Disease, East-West Bone & Joint Research Institute, Kyung Hee University , 149, Sangil-dong, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Actinomyces naeslundiiLung Infection Diagnosed by Polymerase Chain Reaction Coupled with Electrospray-Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2014; 11:1163-5. [DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201405-219le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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32
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de Andrade ALDL, Novaes MM, Germano AR, Luz KG, de Almeida Freitas R, Galvão HC. Acute primary actinomycosis involving the hard palate of a diabetic patient. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 72:537-41. [PMID: 24528563 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Actinomycosis is a relatively rare infection caused by saprophytic bacteria of the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract that can become pathogenic. The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes mellitus induces events that promote structural changes in various tissues and are associated with problems in wound healing. This infection remains largely unknown to most clinicians because of its different presentations, and palatal involvement is extremely rare. This report describes the case of a 46-year-old woman who was diagnosed with actinomycosis involving the hard palate. The main clinical, histopathologic, and therapeutic characteristics and differential diagnosis of actinomycosis are reviewed. To date, 3 cases of actinomycosis involving the hard palate have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza Dias Leite de Andrade
- PhD Student, Oral Pathology Postgraduate Program, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Márcio Menezes Novaes
- Resident, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Adriano Rocha Germano
- Professor, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Kleber Giovanni Luz
- Professor, Division of Infectology, Giselda Trigueiro Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Roseana de Almeida Freitas
- Professor, Oral Pathology Postgraduate Program, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Hébel Cavalcanti Galvão
- Professor, Oral Pathology Postgraduate Program, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Dusad A, Thiele GM, Klassen LW, Gleason AM, Bauer C, Mikuls TR, Duryee MJ, West WW, Romberger DJ, Poole JA. Organic dust, lipopolysaccharide, and peptidoglycan inhalant exposures result in bone loss/disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2013; 49:829-36. [PMID: 23782057 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0178oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal health consequences associated with chronic inflammatory respiratory disease, and particularly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), contribute to overall disease morbidity. Agricultural environmental exposures induce significant airway diseases, including COPD. However, animal models to understand inhalant exposure-induced lung injury and bone disease have not been described. Using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging technology and histology, bone quantity and quality measurements were investigated in mice after repetitive intranasal inhalation exposures to complex organic dust extracts (ODEs) from swine confinement facilities. Comparison experiments with LPS and peptidoglycan (PGN) alone were also performed. After 3 weeks of repetitive ODE inhalation exposure, significant loss of bone mineral density and trabecular bone volume fraction was evident, with altered morphological microarchitecture changes in the trabecular bone, compared with saline-treated control animals. Torsional resistance was also significantly reduced. Compared with saline treatment, ODE-treated mice demonstrated decreased collagen and proteoglycan content in their articular cartilage, according to histopathology. Significant bone deterioration was also evident after repetitive intranasal inhalant treatment with LPS and PGN. These findings were not secondary to animal distress, and not entirely dependent on the degree of induced lung parenchymal inflammation. Repetitive LPS treatment demonstrated the most pronounced changes in bone parameters, and PGN treatment resulted in the greatest lung parenchymal inflammatory changes. Collectively, repetitive inhalation exposures to noninfectious inflammatory agents such as complex organic dust, LPS, and PGN resulted in bone loss. This animal model may contribute to efforts toward understanding the mechanisms and evaluating the therapeutics associated with adverse skeletal health consequences after subchronic airway injury.
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Horibe K, Nakamichi Y, Uehara S, Nakamura M, Koide M, Kobayashi Y, Takahashi N, Udagawa N. Roles of cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide in murine osteoclastogenesis. Immunology 2013; 140:344-51. [PMID: 23826736 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP) not only kills bacteria but also binds to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to neutralize its activity. CRAMP is highly expressed in bone marrow and its expression is reported to be up-regulated by inflammatory and infectious stimuli. Here, we examined the role of CRAMP in murine osteoclastogenesis. Osteoclasts were formed in co-cultures of osteoblasts and bone marrow cells in response to 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α,25(OH)2 D3 ], prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ), and Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands such as LPS and flagellin through the induction of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) expression in osteoblasts. CRAMP inhibited the osteoclastogenesis in co-cultures treated with LPS and flagellin, but not in those treated with 1α,25(OH)2 D3 or PGE2 . Although bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) highly expressed formyl peptide receptor 2 (a receptor of CRAMP), CRAMP showed no inhibitory effect on osteoclastogenesis in BMM cultures treated with RANKL. CRAMP suppressed both LPS- and flagellin-induced RANKL expression in osteoblasts and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in BMMs, suggesting that CRAMP neutralizes the actions of LPS and flagellin. LPS and flagellin enhanced the expression of CRAMP mRNA in osteoblasts. Extracellularly added CRAMP suppressed LPS- and flagellin-induced CRAMP expression. These results suggest that the production of CRAMP promoted by LPS and flagellin is inhibited by CRAMP released by osteoblasts through a feedback regulation. Even though CRAMP itself has no effect on osteoclastogenesis in mice, we propose that CRAMP is an osteoblast-derived protector in bacterial infection-induced osteoclastic bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanji Horibe
- Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan
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