1
|
Gonçalves A, Mathelié-Guinlet Q, Ramires F, Monteiro F, Carvalho Ó, Silva FS, Resende AD, Pinho T. Biological alterations associated with the orthodontic treatment with conventional appliances and aligners: A systematic review of clinical and preclinical evidence. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32873. [PMID: 39021939 PMCID: PMC11253224 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background&objectives Mechanical forces applied during an orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) propel several biochemical and molecular responses in the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Here, we compile the existing clinical and preclinical evidence on these biological changes, aiming to provide a comprehensive discussion on the influence of the mechanical parameters of the OTM in the biological profile of the periodontium. Material and methods This systematic integrative review was conducted according to PICOS strategy and PRISMA guidelines. A bibliographic search was performed in three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) to find research articles published until 2023 and written in English. This search resulted in a total of 2279 publications, which were independently assessed by two evaluators using appropriate tools. Results Forty-six studies were selected for this review. These revealed that compression, and stretching of the periodontal ligament fibers and cells are observed in the initial phase of the OTM. Specifically, on the tension side, high levels of IL-1β, OPG, and TIMPs are identified. On the compression side, an increase of RANKL, RANK, and MMPs levels predominate. Conclusion This paper describes the release profile of common biomarkers according to the orthodontic protocol, suggesting the most appropriate parameters to keep the teeth and their supporting structures healthy. Overall, this manuscript provides a better understanding of the OTM-associated biological phenomena, also highlighting the importance of early evaluation of oral health, and thus it contributes as a fundamental basis for the development of more effective and safe orthodontic treatments with conventional appliances and aligners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Gonçalves
- UNIPRO – Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Quitterie Mathelié-Guinlet
- UNIPRO – Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Fátima Ramires
- UNIPRO – Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Francisca Monteiro
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Óscar Carvalho
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal
- LABBELS – Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Filipe S. Silva
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal
- LABBELS – Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Albina D. Resende
- UNIPRO – Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences - CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Toxicologic Pathology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS - CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Teresa Pinho
- UNIPRO – Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sobrinho JEM, Aguiar MT, Machado LC, Carlos ACAM, Nunes Alves APN, Mesquita KC, de Miranda Candeiro GT, de Barros Silva PG. Intense orthodontic forces induces the three dental pulp nitric oxide synthases isoforms and leads to orofacial discomfort in rats. Orthod Craniofac Res 2021; 25:485-493. [DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Thaynara Aguiar
- Christus University Center Department of Dentistry Laboratory of Pathology Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | - Larissa Carvalho Machado
- Christus University Center Department of Dentistry Laboratory of Pathology Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | | | | | - Karine Cestaro Mesquita
- Christus University Center Department of Dentistry Laboratory of Pathology Fortaleza, Ceará Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yan T, Xie Y, He H, Fan W, Huang F. Role of nitric oxide in orthodontic tooth movement (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:168. [PMID: 34278439 PMCID: PMC8285047 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an ubiquitous signaling molecule that mediates numerous cellular processes associated with cardiovascular, nervous and immune systems. NO also plays an essential role in bone homeostasis regulation. The present review article summarized the effects of NO on bone metabolism during orthodontic tooth movement in order to provide insight into the regulatory role of NO in orthodontic tooth movement. Orthodontic tooth movement is a process in which the periodontal tissue and alveolar bone are reconstructed due to the effect of orthodontic forces. Accumulating evidence has indicated that NO and its downstream signaling molecule, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), mediate the mechanical signals during orthodontic-related bone remodeling, and exert complex effects on osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. NO has a regulatory effect on the cellular activities and functional states of osteoclasts, osteocytes and periodontal ligament fibroblasts involved in orthodontic tooth movement. Variations of NO synthase (NOS) expression levels and NO production in periodontal tissues or gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) have been found on the tension and compression sides during tooth movement in both orthodontic animal models and patients. Furthermore, NO precursor and NOS inhibitor administration increased and reduced the tooth movement in animal models, respectively. Further research is required in order to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms and the clinical application prospect of NO in orthodontic tooth movement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Yongjian Xie
- Department of Orthodontic Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Hongwen He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wenguo Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Levels of Cytokines in Gingival Crevicular Fluid during Rapid Maxillary Expansion and the Subsequent Retention Period. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019; 43:137-143. [PMID: 30730797 DOI: 10.17796/1053-4625-43.2.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To monitor the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on bone metabolic activities during and after 3 months of retention. STUDY DESIGN Fifteen patients with a mean age of 12.9 ± 0.6 years were treated with a bonded expansion device, activated 2 turns per day. The retention period was 3 months. Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline and after retention. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected from maxillary first molars from the compression sides at baseline, then at 1 and 10 days and after retention. Tension side samples were obtained at baseline and after retention. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were specifically measured. RESULTS Periodontal parameters increased significantly after retention relative to baseline values. Levels of IL-1β, TGF-β1 and PGE2 increased on day 10, and decreased after retention on the compression side. NO levels were elevated on day 10, and remained higher after retention on the compression side. Tension side cytokine levels remained higher relative to baseline values after retention. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate the importance of ongoing adaptive bone activities after 3 months of retention with RME, which should be considered questionable as an effective retention period.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ozel N, Aksoy A, Kırzıoglu FY, Doguc DK, Aksoy TA. Evaluation of interleukin-1β level and oxidative status in gingival crevicular fluid during rapid maxillary expansion. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 90:74-79. [PMID: 29573646 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), nitric oxide (NO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant status (TOS) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were determined during rapid maxillary expansion (RME) treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen patients (10-13 years old) were included. A modified hyrax appliance was used for the treatment. After periodontal parameters were recorded, GCF was collected from the first molars at each observation [T1:baseline:14 days after periodontal prophylaxis and instructions; T2:1 day later hyrax inserted, at passive position; T3:1 week later; after the first activation; T4:after 2 × 1/4 activation; T5:after 7 × 1/4 activation; T6:after 14 × 1/4 activation; T7:retention period on the 1 st month; and T8:retention period on the 3rd month]. RESULTS Although the levels of IL1-β, NO, and PD increased significantly from T1 to T2, the GI, BOP%, and PI remained unchanged throughout treatment. GCF volume at buccal and palatal surfaces increased significantly from T1 to T4, T6, T7, and T8. The parameters in GCF and TAC levels were not only higher at palatal side in comparison with buccal, but also TOS levels increased at both buccal and palatal sides. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the differences of oxidative status and IL-1β levels during RME treatment could be attributable to orthopedic effect of the heavy forces on maxilla and minimal orthodontic forces on teeth applied by the RME apparatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Ozel
- Izmir Educational Dental Hospital, Sümer Mah. 451. Sok. No:2 PK:35260, Konak, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Alev Aksoy
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Yesim Kırzıoglu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Duygu Kumbul Doguc
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Tutku Atış Aksoy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Altinbas University, Mahmutbey Dilmenler Caddesi, No:26, 34217 Bağcılar, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang X, Zou L, Li J, Xu B, Wu T, Fan H, Xu W, Yao W, Yang Y, Liu Y, Cui L. Salvianolic acid B and danshensu induce osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal stem cells by upregulating the nitric oxide pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:2779-2788. [PMID: 28966669 PMCID: PMC5615234 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) and danshensu (DSU) on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the mechanisms of the effects. The osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in culture was assessed by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin (OCN) production, nitric oxide (NO) production and the mRNA expression levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and its ligand by MSCs. MSCs were successfully induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. Sal B and DSU increased the ALP activity and the production of OCN in the absence of an ossification inducer. The increase in ALP activity was more pronounced when induction was combined with the osteogenic inducer, Sal B, which enhanced the expression of OPG; however, Sal B reduced the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) by MSCs. Sal B reversed the inhibitory effect of N-nitro L-arginine methylester on the MSCs and increased ALP activity, OCN content and the OPG/RANKL ratio. Based on these results, it was concluded that Sal B increases the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, most likely by regulating the nitric oxide pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinle Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Liyi Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Bilian Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Tie Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Huanqiong Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Weiming Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Yao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Yuyu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Liao Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hendek MK, Şenses F, Kisa Ü, Aksoy N, Tekin U. Is the Level of Nitric Oxide in the Dental Follicular Tissues of Impacted Third Molars With a History of Recurrent Pericoronitis a True Marker of Oxidative Stress? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 75:2058-2062. [PMID: 28495408 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nitric oxide (NO) is an indicator of oxidative stress in several tissues. Its role in dental follicular (DF) tissues of impacted third molars with a history of recurrent pericoronitis is not well elucidated. The present study compared NO levels between inflamed and noninflamed DF tissues of impacted third molars with a history of recurrent pericoronitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was designed. The study sample included inflamed DF tissues (test group) with certain local inflammatory symptoms, such as pain, tenderness, swelling, and erythema and noninflamed DF tissues (control group) without local inflammatory symptoms of impacted mandibular third molars. Each patient contributed only 1 specimen to the samples. All tissues samples were biochemically investigated for NO levels as an indicator of oxidative stress. The primary predictor variable was inflammatory status; secondary predictor variables were age and gender. The primary outcome variable was NO level. Descriptive and comparative analyses were conducted. RESULTS The test group consisted of 57 patients (28 men, 29 women; mean age, 23.28 ± 5.16 yr) and the control group consisted of 57 patients (30 men, 27 women; mean age, 23.02 ± 5.42 yr). No relevant intergroup differences were noted for demographic findings such as age and gender. NO levels were significantly higher in inflamed DF tissues of impacted third molars than in noninflamed DF tissues (P < .05). CONCLUSION Results of this study showed that NO might be used as an indicator of oxidative stress and the necessity to remove impacted mandibular third molars with a history of recurrent pericoronitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Karsiyaka Hendek
- Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Şenses
- Doctor, Atasehir Oral and Dental Health Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Üçler Kisa
- Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Nurkan Aksoy
- Doctor, Department of Biochemistry, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Umut Tekin
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|