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Yang Y, Wang L, Huang Z, Ge L, Shi J. N-acetylcysteine as a novel methacrylate-based resin cement component: effect on cell apoptosis and genotoxicity in human gingival fibroblasts. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:222. [PMID: 38347533 PMCID: PMC10863190 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03988-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-acetylcysteine (NAC) reduces the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by monomers leached from dental composite resins. Herein, we investigated the effects of methacrylate-based resin cement used in dental implant restoration on apoptosis and genotoxicity, as well as the antiapoptotic and antigenotoxic capabilities of its component, NAC. METHODS The antioxidant NAC (0.1 or 1 wt.%) was experimentally incorporated into the methacrylate-based dental resin cement Premier®. The Premier® + NAC (0.1 or 1 wt.%) mixture was subsequently immersed into Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium for 72 h, and used to treat human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). The viability of HGFs was determined using the XTT assay. The formation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) double-strand breaks (DNA-DSBs) was determined using a γ-H2AX assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, necrosis, and cell cycles were detected and analyzed using flow cytometry. RESULTS The eluate of Premier® significantly inhibited HGF proliferation in vitro by promoting a G1-phase cell cycle arrest, resulting in cell apoptosis. Significant ROS production and DNA-DSB induction were also found in HGFs exposed to the eluate. Incorporating NAC (1 wt.%) into Premier® was found to reduce cell cytotoxicity, the percentage of G1-phase cells, cell apoptosis, ROS production, and DNA-DSB induction. CONCLUSION Incorporating NAC (1 wt.%) into methacrylate-based resin cement Premier® decreases the cell cytotoxicity, ROS production, and DNA-DSBs associated with resin use, and further offers protective effects against the early stages of cell apoptosis and G1-phase cell cycle arrest in HGFs. Overall, our in vitro results indicate that the addition of NAC into methacrylate-based resin cements may have clinically beneficial effects on the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zelun Huang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingu Ge
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Suzhou Stomatological Hospital, Suzhan Lu 1366, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Jianwei Shi
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Squara S, Manig F, Henle T, Hellwig M, Caratti A, Bicchi C, Reichenbach SE, Tao Q, Collino M, Cordero C. Extending the breadth of saliva metabolome fingerprinting by smart template strategies and effective pattern realignment on comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatographic data. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:2493-2509. [PMID: 36631574 PMCID: PMC10149478 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS) is one the most powerful analytical platforms for chemical investigations of complex biological samples. It produces large datasets that are rich in information, but highly complex, and its consistency may be affected by random systemic fluctuations and/or changes in the experimental parameters. This study details the optimization of a data processing strategy that compensates for severe 2D pattern misalignments and detector response fluctuations for saliva samples analyzed across 2 years. The strategy was trained on two batches: one with samples from healthy subjects who had undergone dietary intervention with high/low-Maillard reaction products (dataset A), and the second from healthy/unhealthy obese individuals (dataset B). The combined untargeted and targeted pattern recognition algorithm (i.e., UT fingerprinting) was tuned for key process parameters, the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), and MS spectrum similarity thresholds, and then tested for the best transform function (global or local, affine or low-degree polynomial) for pattern realignment in the temporal domain. Reliable peak detection achieved its best performance, computed as % of false negative/positive matches, with a S/N threshold of 50 and spectral similarity direct match factor (DMF) of 700. Cross-alignment of bi-dimensional (2D) peaks in the temporal domain was fully effective with a supervised operation including multiple centroids (reference peaks) and a match-and-transform strategy using affine functions. Regarding the performance-derived response fluctuations, the most promising strategy for cross-comparative analysis and data fusion included the mass spectral total useful signal (MSTUS) approach followed by Z-score normalization on the resulting matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Squara
- Dipartimento Di Scienza E Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi Di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Friederike Manig
- Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Henle
- Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Hellwig
- Special Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrea Caratti
- Dipartimento Di Scienza E Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi Di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Carlo Bicchi
- Dipartimento Di Scienza E Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi Di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Stephen E Reichenbach
- Computer Science and Engineering Department, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
- GC Image LLC, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | | | - Massimo Collino
- Dipartimento Di Neuroscienze "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Chiara Cordero
- Dipartimento Di Scienza E Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi Di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Turin, Italy.
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Zgórzyńska E, Stulczewski D, Dziedzic B, Su KP, Walczewska A. Docosahexaenoic fatty acid reduces the pro-inflammatory response induced by IL-1β in astrocytes through inhibition of NF-κB and AP-1 transcription factor activation. BMC Neurosci 2021; 22:4. [PMID: 33499800 PMCID: PMC7839194 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-021-00611-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Astrocytes are responsible for a broad range of functions that maintain homeostasis in the brain. However, their response to the pro-inflammatory cytokines released by activated microglia in various neurological pathologies may exacerbate neurodegenerative processes. Accumulating evidence suggests that omega-3 docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA) has an anti-inflammatory effect in various cell cultures studies and in a variety of neurological disorders. In this study we examined the mechanism involved in the inhibition of the pro-inflammatory response by DHA in astrocytes treated with IL-1β. Methods and results Activation of the transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1 was measured in IL-1β-treated primary astrocytes incubated with various concentrations of DHA. COX-2 and iNOS protein expression was determined by Western blot, and TNF-α and IL-6 secretion was measured using ELISA-based assays. DHA treatment inhibited translocation of p65NF-κB to the nucleus, significantly lowered p65NF-κB protein level and fluorescence of p65NF-κB in the nucleus, reduced dose-dependently IκB protein phosphorylation, and the binding of the AP-1 transcription factor members (c-Jun/c-Fos) to the specific TPA-response element (TRE) of DNA. In addition, the expression of pro-inflammatory COX-2 and iNOS proteins was downregulated and TNF-α and IL-6 secretion was also reduced. Conclusions These results indicate that DHA is a powerful factor that reduces the pro-inflammatory response in astrocytes. Consequently, successful introduction of DHA into the astrocyte membranes can attenuate neuroinflammation, which is a key factor of age-related neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Zgórzyńska
- Department of Cell-to-Cell Communication, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92- 215, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Dawid Stulczewski
- Department of Cell-to-Cell Communication, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92- 215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Barbara Dziedzic
- Department of Cell-to-Cell Communication, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92- 215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Anna Walczewska
- Department of Cell-to-Cell Communication, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92- 215, Lodz, Poland
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Banaszek K, Klimek L, Zgorzynska E, Swarzynska A, Walczewska A. Cytotoxicity of titanium carbonitride coatings for prostodontic alloys with different amounts of carbon and nitrogen. Biomed Mater 2018; 13:045003. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aab942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Zgórzyńska E, Dziedzic B, Gorzkiewicz A, Stulczewski D, Bielawska K, Su KP, Walczewska A. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids improve the antioxidative defense in rat astrocytes via an Nrf2-dependent mechanism. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:935-942. [PMID: 28662394 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal tolerance to hypoxia and nutrient defficiency highly depends on GSH levels and antioxidant enzyme activity in astrocytes. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3PUFA) enhance antioxidant defence in different cells. The aim of present study was to investigate if ω-3PUFA improve antioxidant status in astrocytes. METHODS Rat primary astrocytes were incubated for 24h with DHA and EPA (30μM), then lysed, fractioned and fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography. GSH and protein thiols were assayed by enzymatic methods. Glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), glutathione synthetase (GS), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) and Nrf2 protein expression was validated by Western blot. Intracellular ROS level using H2DCF-DA, and Nrf2 activation by ELISA were measured. RESULTS Incubation of cells with DHA doubled DHA, not EPA content in the membranes, and incubation with EPA increased both fatty acids content compared to control. However, both ω-3PUFAs reduced ROS generation in dose-dependent manner in basal condition and in H2O2-treated cells, and significantly increased GSH, GCL and GPx4 levels. The thiols level was higher only in DHA-treated cells. DHA and EPA activated Nrf2 in a dose-dependent manner but p38MAPK-Nrf2 activation was found only in DHA-enriched astrocytes. CONCLUSION Both ω-3PUFA improved the antioxidant defense in astrocytes via an Nrf2-dependent mechanism, however, upstream pathways of Nrf2 activation may depend on proportion of DHA to EPA incorporated into membrane phospholipids. These results suggest that enrichment of astrocytes with ω-3PUFA may better protect neurons during harmful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Zgórzyńska
- Department of Cell-to-Cell Communication, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Barbara Dziedzic
- Department of Cell-to-Cell Communication, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Anna Gorzkiewicz
- Department of Cell-to-Cell Communication, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Dawid Stulczewski
- Department of Cell-to-Cell Communication, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bielawska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Anna Walczewska
- Department of Cell-to-Cell Communication, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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Chang YT, Huang CY, Li KT, Li RN, Liaw CC, Wu SH, Liu JR, Sheu JH, Chang HW. Sinuleptolide inhibits proliferation of oral cancer Ca9-22 cells involving apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 66:147-54. [PMID: 26954095 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sinuleptolide, a soft corals-derived bioactive norditerpenoid, is a marine natural product with a potent anti-inflammatory effect. We evaluate the potential anti-oral cancer effects of sinuleptolide and investigate the possible mechanisms involved. DESIGNS Cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and DNA damage analyses were performed. RESULTS In a cell viability assay, we found that sinuleptolide is dose-responsively antiproliferative against oral gingival cancer Ca9-22 cells but less harmful to normal human gingival fibroblast (HGF-1) cells (P<0.001). In cell cycle analysis, sinuleptolide induced subG1 accumulation at a higher dose and led to G2/M arrest of Ca9-22 cells (P<0.005). Apoptosis was significantly increased in sinuleptolide-treated Ca9-22 cells based on annexin V and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) expressions (P<0.05-0.0001). Based on flow cytometer analysis, sinuleptolide also induced the generation of ROS and decreased MMP in a dose-responsive manner (P<0.05-0.0001). DNA damage increased dose-responsively after sinuleptolide treatments (P < 0.001) based on comet and γH2AX assays. CONCLUSION Sinuleptolide can induce an antiproliferation of oral cancer Ca9-22 cells involving apoptosis, oxidative stress and DNA damage, suggesting that sinuleptolide represents a potential chemotherapeutic drug for oral cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Ting Chang
- Doctor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University/Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Chiung-Yao Huang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Tzu Li
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Ruei-Nian Li
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Chuang Liaw
- Doctor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University/Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hsiung Wu
- Doctor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University/Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11524, Taiwan.
| | - Jing-Ru Liu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Jyh-Horng Sheu
- Doctor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University/Academia Sinica, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Center for Research Resources and Development of Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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Chen H, Shi Q, Qing Y, Yao YC, Cao YG. Cytotoxicity of modified nonequilibrium plasma with chlorhexidine digluconate on primary cultured human gingival fibroblasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 36:137-141. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-016-1556-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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