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Xavier GD, Thomas G, Jose S, Vivek VJ, Selvam K, Ramakrishnan A. Comparative evaluation of remineralization potential of four different remineralization agents on human enamel: An in vitro study. JOURNAL OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS 2024; 27:29-35. [PMID: 38389734 PMCID: PMC10880471 DOI: 10.4103/jcde.jcde_113_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Aim The study aimed to assess the remineralizing potential of four different commercially available agents using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and Vickers Microhardness (VMH) Test. Materials and Methods Forty-four specimens (n = 11 per group) were prepared from extracted teeth. A window of 6 mm × 4 mm was made on all the specimens that represented three zones, namely, sound enamel, demineralized enamel, and remineralized enamel. The zone for demineralized enamel was subjected to four different remineralizing agents; casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF), tricalcium phosphate fluoride (TCP-F), calcium sucrose phosphate (CSP), and self-assembling peptide (P11-4). Remineralization (REM) was assessed using VMH; the structural changes were assessed using SEM that was analyzed using EDX analysis. The specimens were subjected to a newer regimen of demineralization. One-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey test was used with a level of significance at P ≤ 0.05. Results There were no significant differences in VMH between the groups for sound enamel (P = 0.472) and demineralized enamel (P = 0.116). VMH was statistically significantly more for P11-4 and the least for CPP-ACPF (P = 0.011). A post hoc analysis revealed higher VMH for P11-4 compared to CPP-ACPF (P = 0.014) and TCP-F (P = 0.035). SEM showed a homogeneous layer of minerals for all groups except CPP-ACPF. TCP-F reported a higher degree of REM, followed by P11-4 as assessed using EDX analysis. Conclusion Self-assembling peptide (P11-4) exhibited a higher degree of REM than other remineralizing agents followed by CSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giftlin Denny Xavier
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sri Venkateshwaraa Dental College, Puducherry, India
| | - George Thomas
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Mahé, Kerala, India
| | - Sunil Jose
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Mahé, Kerala, India
| | | | - Kanimozhi Selvam
- Department of Prosthodontics, Mahatma Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Puducherry, India
| | - Ashish Ramakrishnan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Mahé, Kerala, India
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Inchingolo AD, Malcangi G, Semjonova A, Inchingolo AM, Patano A, Coloccia G, Ceci S, Marinelli G, Di Pede C, Ciocia AM, Mancini A, Palmieri G, Barile G, Settanni V, De Leonardis N, Rapone B, Piras F, Viapiano F, Cardarelli F, Nucci L, Bordea IR, Scarano A, Lorusso F, Palermo A, Costa S, Tartaglia GM, Corriero A, Brienza N, Di Venere D, Inchingolo F, Dipalma G. Oralbiotica/Oralbiotics: The Impact of Oral Microbiota on Dental Health and Demineralization: A Systematic Review of the Literature. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:1014. [PMID: 35883998 PMCID: PMC9323959 DOI: 10.3390/children9071014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The oral microbiota plays a vital role in the human microbiome and oral health. Imbalances between microbes and their hosts can lead to oral and systemic disorders such as diabetes or cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this review is to investigate the literature evidence of oral microbiota dysbiosis on oral health and discuss current knowledge and emerging mechanisms governing oral polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis; both have enhanced our understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and aided the design of innovative therapeutic approaches as ORALBIOTICA for oral diseases such as demineralization. PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane Library, EMBEDDED, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source via EBSCO, APA PsycINFO, APA PsyArticles, and DRUGS@FDA were searched for publications that matched our topic from January 2017 to 22 April 2022, with an English language constraint using the following Boolean keywords: ("microbio*" and "demineralization*") AND ("oral microbiota" and "demineralization"). Twenty-two studies were included for qualitative analysis. As seen by the studies included in this review, the balance of the microbiota is unstable and influenced by oral hygiene, the presence of orthodontic devices in the oral cavity and poor eating habits that can modify its composition and behavior in both positive and negative ways, increasing the development of demineralization, caries processes, and periodontal disease. Under conditions of dysbiosis, favored by an acidic environment, the reproduction of specific bacterial strains increases, favoring cariogenic ones such as Bifidobacterium dentium, Bifidobacterium longum, and S. mutans, than S. salivarius and A. viscosus, and increasing of Firmicutes strains to the disadvantage of Bacteroidetes. Microbial balance can be restored by using probiotics and prebiotics to manage and treat oral diseases, as evidenced by mouthwashes or dietary modifications that can influence microbiota balance and prevent or slow disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Giuseppina Malcangi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Alexandra Semjonova
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Assunta Patano
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Giovanni Coloccia
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Sabino Ceci
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Grazia Marinelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Chiara Di Pede
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Anna Maria Ciocia
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Antonio Mancini
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Giulia Palmieri
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Giuseppe Barile
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Vito Settanni
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Nicole De Leonardis
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Biagio Rapone
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Fabio Piras
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Fabio Viapiano
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Filippo Cardarelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Ludovica Nucci
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 6, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Ioana Roxana Bordea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Antonio Scarano
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.S.); (F.L.)
| | - Felice Lorusso
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.S.); (F.L.)
| | - Andrea Palermo
- Implant Dentistry College of Medicine and Dentistry Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B46BN, UK;
| | - Stefania Costa
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Martino Tartaglia
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Corriero
- Unit of Anesthesia and Resuscitation, Department of Emergencies and Organ Transplantations, Aldo Moro University, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (N.B.)
| | - Nicola Brienza
- Unit of Anesthesia and Resuscitation, Department of Emergencies and Organ Transplantations, Aldo Moro University, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (N.B.)
| | - Daniela Di Venere
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (A.S.); (A.M.I.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (S.C.); (G.M.); (C.D.P.); (A.M.C.); (A.M.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (N.D.L.); (B.R.); (F.P.); (F.V.); (F.C.); (D.D.V.); (G.D.)
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Widyarman AS, Udawatte NS, Theodorea CF, Apriani A, Richi M, Astoeti TE, Seneviratne CJ. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride treatment enriches the symbiotic dental plaque microbiome in children. J Dent 2021; 106:103582. [PMID: 33450310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The dysbiotic oral microbiome plays a key role in the pathogenesis of caries in children. Topical application of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate containing fluoride (CPP-ACP/F) is an effective treatment modality for children with caries (CC). Hitherto the mechanism by which CPP-ACP/F modules the oral microbiome in CC has not been investigated. The study aimed to examine the CPP-ACP/F effect on the dental plaque microbiome of children group with caries. METHODS This preliminary prospective clinical cohort included 10 children with caries. The children received topical fluoride CPP-ACP/F once-a-week for one month. Plaque samples were collected before and after treatment and subjected to 16S rDNA-based next-generation-sequencing. Microbial composition, diversity and functional roles were analyzed in comparison to the clinical characteristics of cohort using standard bioinformatics tools. RESULTS CPP-ACP/F treatment modulated dysbiotic oral microbiome towards healthier community as the higher proportion of Proteobacteria and certain microbial protective species were enriched following CPP-ACP/F treatment. Despite overall uniformity of community structure in children with caries between the groups, some bacterial species were differentially represented in a statistically significant manner between pre- and post- treatments. Three bacterial species were found to be predictive of strongly sensitive to the CPP-ACP/F treatment, marked by decreased abundance of Lautropia mirabalis and increased abundance of Gemella haemolysans and Schwartzia succinivorans. CONCLUSION Within the limits of the current study, it could be concluded that the CPP-ACP/F varnish treatment modulated the microbial composition of the dental plaque microbiome towards symbiosis. These symbiotic changes may demonstrate the potential clinical significance of CPP-ACP/F varnish treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelia Sari Widyarman
- Department Head of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Jln. Kyai Tapa 260, Grogol Jakarta Barat 11440, Indonesia.
| | - Nadeeka S Udawatte
- Singapore Oral Microbiomics Initiative, National Dental Research Institute Singapore (NDRIS), National Dental Centre Singapore, Oral Health ACP, Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore.
| | | | - Anie Apriani
- Department Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Maranatha University, Bandung, Indonesia.
| | - Mario Richi
- MiCORE Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Indonesia.
| | - Tri Erri Astoeti
- Department of Preventive and Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Jln. Kyai Tapa 260, Grogol Jakarta Barat 11440, Indonesia.
| | - Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne
- Singapore Oral Microbiomics Initiative, National Dental Research Institute Singapore (NDRIS), National Dental Centre Singapore, Oral Health ACP, Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore.
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Apriani A, Widyarman AS, Budiyanti EA, Roeslan BO. Caries Activity and Ph Level Changes after Fluoride Varnish and Casein Phosphopeptides-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Application on Children's Saliva. Contemp Clin Dent 2020; 11:126-130. [PMID: 33110324 PMCID: PMC7583542 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_167_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Caries is a disease affecting the hard tissue of the tooth wherein the demineralization process caused by Streptococcus mutans decreases saliva pH faster than the remineralization process can maintain it. Topical fluoridation, such as fluoride varnish and casein phosphopeptides-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) is the most common preventive therapy for the disease. Aims The aim of this study is to assess the difference between fluoride varnish and CPP-ACP in reducing saliva pH and caries activity. Materials and Methods This is an experimental study with a sample population of 60 children (aged 8-9 years old), divided into two groups of 30. Group 1 was treated with fluoride varnish, Group 2 with CPP-ACP. A t-test was used to measure the effects of the different treatments. Results The result showed that the average difference in saliva pH before and after application was -0.12933 in Group 1 and -0.14033 in Group 2 (P = 0.256). The average difference in caries activity before and after application was 3.189 log colony-forming units (CFUs)/mL in Group 1 and 2.237 log CFUs/mL in Group 2 (P = 0.275). Conclusion The most effective treatment for increasing saliva pH and reducing caries activity can be achieved by using the varnish for 1 month. However, there is no difference between fluoride varnish and CPP-ACP with regard to altering saliva pH and reducing caries activity statistically. Future study is needed to explore this result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anie Apriani
- Post Graduate Student Faculty of Dentistry Trisakti University, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Armelia Sari Widyarman
- Department Head of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - E Arlia Budiyanti
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Boedi Oetomo Roeslan
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Gümüş H, Aydınbelge M, Sönmez H. Evaluation of the Efficacy of Different Remineralizing Agents on Artificial Early Enamel Lesions of Primary Teeth: An In Vitro Study. JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ORAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/2320206820919664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To analyze the remineralization efficacy of casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP–ACP) and 8% arginine on artificial early enamel lesions on primary teeth enamel samples. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, artificial enamel lesions were created in 120 primary teeth. Teeth were randomly divided into 5 groups: group C: CPP–ACP paste; group CF: CPP–ACPF paste with 900 ppm flour; group A: paste with 8% arginine; group K+: 500 ppm NaF as a positive control; and group K–: deionized water as a negative control. After 4 weeks of the remineralization process, the effect of remineralization on samples of agents used the microhardness, atomic force microscope, and scanning electron microscope analyses. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 20.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). ANOVA and Tukey Post-Hoc multiple comparison test were applied ( p < .05). Results: Increasing percentage values of the microhardness at groups C, CF, and A were significantly better than group K– ( p < .05), whereas there is no statistically significant difference with group K+ ( p > .05). The average surface roughness values of groups C and CF were similar with group K+ in AFM analysis, whereas average surface roughness values of group A were significantly higher than K+ group. Conclusion: The CPP–ACP, CPP–ACPF, and arginine are effective agents for remineralization of early childhood caries lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüsniye Gümüş
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Aydınbelge
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hayriye Sönmez
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Effect of CPP-ACP on Streptococcus mutans in saliva of high caries-risk preschool children: a randomized clinical trial. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2019; 21:339-346. [PMID: 31732883 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-019-00490-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of CPP-ACP in reducing salivary S. mutans levels and compare its effect as a dentifrice to use of a fluoride dentifrice alone, or with the sequential use of a combination of both agents (fluoride, then CPP-ACP) in three groups of preschool children over a 6-month period. METHODS This was a double-blinded clinical trial, the sample (n = 127, age 4.6 ± 0.47 years), with high caries risk, was randomized into three groups which applied different agents twice daily; fluoride toothpaste (500 ppm, n = 50), CPP-ACP (10% w/v, n = 38), and combination group (n = 39) applied fluoride, then CPP-ACP. S. mutans salivary levels were measured by GC Saliva-Check Mutans™. RESULTS Within groups, a significant decrease in S. mutans-positive children (SMPC) occurred in fluoride and combination groups at 3-months, (P < 0.05), and in all groups at 6-months, (P < 0.05). The highest reduction in SMPC occurred in the CPP-ACP group, however, there were no significant differences in SMPC between groups at all study intervals, (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Although all agents were effective, CPP-ACP showed the highest reduction in SMPC over 6-months.
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