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Alarcón-Sánchez MA. Influence of obesity on subgingival microbiota composition in subjects with different periodontal status: a systematic review. REVISTA CIENTÍFICA ODONTOLÓGICA 2024; 12:e187. [PMID: 39015311 PMCID: PMC11247467 DOI: 10.21142/2523-2754-1201-2024-187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This systematic review aimed to investigate the changes in the composition of the subgingival microbiota among subjects with normo-weight, overweight and obesity, in conditions of periodontal health and disease. Materials and Methods The protocol for this study was designed following PRISMA guidelines. Records were identified using different search engines (PubMed/MedLine, Scopus and Web of Science). Observational studies, in human subjects diagnosed with obesity (BMI >30kg/m2) and periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis), on the analysis of subgingival microbiota were selected. Eight articles were included. Results The subgingival microbiota of 1,229 subjects (n=894 exposure group and n=335 control group) was analyzed. Periodontal pathogens were the most common bacteria detected in subjects with obesity and periodontitis (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Campylobacter gracilis, Eubacterium nodatum, Fusobacterium nucleatum spp. vincentii, Parvimonas micra, Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter rectus, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans), as along with some accessory pathogens such as: Streptococcus gordonii, and Veillonella parvula that favor the virulence of late colonizers. Conclusions Although there are evident alterations in the composition of the subgingival microbiota in subjects with obesity and periodontitis, it is still a challenge to identify a specific pattern of microbiota in these subjects. If associations between subgingival plaque microorganisms and obesity are confirmed, microbiome analysis could be a useful tool to improve preventive measures and the management of people with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alberto Alarcón-Sánchez
- Department of Research in Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39090. Guerrero, Mexico. Department of Research in Microbiology Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences Autonomous University of Guerrero Chilpancingo 39090. Guerrero Mexico
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Wielento A, Lagosz-Cwik K, Potempa J, Grabiec A. The Role of Gingival Fibroblasts in the Pathogenesis of Periodontitis. J Dent Res 2023; 102:489-496. [PMID: 36883660 PMCID: PMC10249005 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231151921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gingival fibroblasts (GFs) are essential components of the periodontium, which are responsible for the maintenance of tissue structure and integrity. However, the physiological role of GFs is not restricted to the production and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. GFs also act as sentinel cells that modulate the immune response to oral pathogens invading the gingival tissue. As an important "nonclassical" component of the innate immune system, GFs respond to bacteria and damage-related signals by producing cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators. Although the activation of GFs supports the elimination of invading bacteria and the resolution of inflammation, their uncontrolled or excessive activation may promote inflammation and bone destruction. This occurs in periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontium initiated and sustained by dysbiosis. In the inflamed gingival tissue, GFs acquire imprinted proinflammatory phenotypes that promote the growth of inflammophilic pathogens, stimulate osteoclastogenesis, and contribute to the chronicity of inflammation. In this review, we discuss the biological functions of GFs in healthy and inflamed gingival tissue, highlighting recent studies that provide insight into their role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. We also draw parallels with the recently discovered fibroblast populations identified in other tissues and their roles in health and disease. This knowledge should be used in future studies to discover more about the role of GFs in periodontal diseases, especially chronic periodontitis, and to identify therapeutic strategies targeting their pathological interactions with oral pathogens and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Wielento
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - K.B. Lagosz-Cwik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - J. Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - A.M. Grabiec
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Su W, Li J, Jiang L, Lei L, Li H. Hexokinase 2-mediated glycolysis supports inflammatory responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in gingival fibroblasts. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:103. [PMID: 36793034 PMCID: PMC9933269 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02807-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND When infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis, gingival fibroblasts undergo metabolic reprogramming, and rely on aerobic glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation for rapid energy replenishment. Hexokinases (HKs) are catalysts for glucose metabolism, and HK2 constitutes the major HK inducible isoform. The objective of this study is to determine whether HK2-mediated glycolysis promotes inflammatory responses in inflamed gingiva. METHODS Levels of glycolysis-related genes were assessed in normal and inflamed gingiva. Human gingival fibroblasts were harvested and infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis in order to mimic periodontal inflammation. 2-deoxy-d-glucose, an analogue of glucose, was used to block HK2-mediated glycolysis, while small interfering RNA was used to knock down HK2 expression. The mRNA and protein levels of genes were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. HK2 activity and lactate production were assessed by ELISA. Cell proliferation was assessed by confocal microscopy. The generation of reactive oxygen species was assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Elevated expression of HK2 and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 was observed in the inflamed gingiva. P. gingivalis infection was shown to promote glycolysis in human gingival fibroblasts, as evidenced by increased gene transcription of HK2 and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3, cell glucose consumption, and HK2 activity. Inhibition and knockdown of HK2 resulted in reduced cytokine production, cell proliferation, and reactive oxygen species generation. Furthermore, P. gingivalis infection activated the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α signaling pathway, thus promoting HK2-mediated glycolysis and proinflammatory responses. CONCLUSIONS HK2-mediated glycolysis promotes inflammatory responses in gingival tissues, and therefore glycolysis can be targeted in order to inhibit the progression of periodontal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Su
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Periodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, #30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XCentral Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Periodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, #30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XCentral Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lishan Jiang
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Periodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, #30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu China ,grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XCentral Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lang Lei
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Orthodontics, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Houxuan Li
- Department of Periodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, #30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
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Chen Y, Shi T, Li Y, Huang L, Yin D. Fusobacterium nucleatum: The Opportunistic Pathogen of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:860149. [PMID: 35369522 PMCID: PMC8966671 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.860149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Peri-implant diseases are considered to be a chronic destructive inflammatory destruction/damage occurring in soft and hard peri-implant tissues during the patient’s perennial use after implant restoration and have attracted much attention because of their high incidence. Although most studies seem to suggest that the pathogenesis of peri-implant diseases is similar to that of periodontal diseases and that both begin with microbial infection, the specific mechanism of peri-implant diseases remains unclear. As an oral opportunistic pathogen, Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) has been demonstrated to be vital for the occurrence and development of many oral infectious diseases, especially periodontal diseases. More notably, the latest relevant studies suggest that F. nucleatum may contribute to the occurrence and development of peri-implant diseases. Considering the close connection between peri-implant diseases and periodontal diseases, a summary of the role of Fusobacterium nucleatum in periodontal diseases may provide more research directions and ideas for the peri-implantation mechanism. In this review, we summarize the effects of F. nucleatum on periodontal diseases by biofilm formation, host infection, and host response, and then we establish the relationship between periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Based on the above aspects, we discuss the importance and potential value of F. nucleatum in peri-implant diseases.
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Haditsch U, Roth T, Rodriguez L, Hancock S, Cecere T, Nguyen M, Arastu-Kapur S, Broce S, Raha D, Lynch CC, Holsinger LJ, Dominy SS, Ermini F. Alzheimer's Disease-Like Neurodegeneration in Porphyromonas gingivalis Infected Neurons with Persistent Expression of Active Gingipains. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 75:1361-1376. [PMID: 32390638 PMCID: PMC7369049 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and its gingipain virulence factors have been identified as pathogenic effectors in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In a recent study we demonstrated the presence of gingipains in over 90% of postmortem AD brains, with gingipains localizing to the cytoplasm of neurons. However, infection of neurons by P. gingivalis has not been previously reported. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate intraneuronal P. gingivalis and gingipain expression in vitro after infecting neurons derived from human inducible pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) with P. gingivalis for 24, 48, and 72 h. METHODS Infection was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, and bacterial colony forming unit assays. Gingipain expression was monitored by immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR, and protease activity monitored with activity-based probes. Neurodegenerative endpoints were assessed by immunofluorescence, western blot, and ELISA. RESULTS Neurons survived the initial infection and showed time dependent, infection induced cell death. P. gingivalis was found free in the cytoplasm or in lysosomes. Infected neurons displayed an accumulation of autophagic vacuoles and multivesicular bodies. Tau protein was strongly degraded, and phosphorylation increased at T231. Over time, the density of presynaptic boutons was decreased. CONCLUSION P. gingivalis can invade and persist in mature neurons. Infected neurons display signs of AD-like neuropathology including the accumulation of autophagic vacuoles and multivesicular bodies, cytoskeleton disruption, an increase in phospho-tau/tau ratio, and synapse loss. Infection of iPSC-derived mature neurons by P. gingivalis provides a novel model system to study the cellular mechanisms leading to AD and to investigate the potential of new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sandy Hancock
- Laboratory for Neurotoxicity Studies, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Thomas Cecere
- Laboratory for Neurotoxicity Studies, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Mai Nguyen
- Cortexyme, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Sean Broce
- Cortexyme, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
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Mu W, Jia Y, Chen X, Li H, Wang Z, Cheng B. Intracellular Porphyromonas gingivalis Promotes the Proliferation of Colorectal Cancer Cells via the MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:584798. [PMID: 33425779 PMCID: PMC7785964 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.584798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a keystone pathogen in periodontitis. However, several clinical studies have revealed an enrichment of P. gingivalis in the stool samples and colorectal mucosa of colorectal cancer patients. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine whether P. gingivalis can promote colorectal cancer progression in vitro. We established an acute infection model (24 h, multiplicity of infection =100) of P. gingivalis invasion of colorectal cancer cells to study the alterations induced by P. gingivalis in the proliferation and cell cycle of colorectal cancer cells. We observed that P. gingivalis can adhere and invade host cells a few hours after infection. Once invaded, P. gingivalis significantly promoted colorectal cancer cell proliferation, and the percentage of S phase cells was increased in the cell cycle assay. However, KDP136, a gingipain-deficient mutant of P. gingivalis 33277, showed a decreased ability to promote colorectal cancer cell proliferation, indicating that gingipain is associated with colorectal cancer cell proliferation. Furthermore, we extracted RNA from colorectal cancer cells for high-throughput sequencing analysis and reconfirmed the results by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. The results suggested that the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway is significantly activated by P. gingivalis, while these changes were not observed for KDP136. In conclusion, P. gingivalis can invade cells and promote the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells by activating the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Gingipain is an essential virulence factor in this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Mu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqun Jia
- Stomatology Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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CXCL5, CXCL8, and CXCL10 regulation by bacteria and mechanical forces in periodontium. Ann Anat 2020; 234:151648. [PMID: 33221386 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2020.151648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expressions of CXCL5, CXCL8, and CXCL10 in periodontal cells and tissues in response to microbial signals and/or biomechanical forces. METHODS Human gingival biopsies from inflamed and healthy sites were used to examine the chemokine expressions and protein levels by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. The chemokines were also investigated in gingival biopsies from rats submitted to experimental periodontitis and/or tooth movement. Furthermore, chemokine levels were determined in human periodontal fibroblasts stimulated by the periodontopathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum and/or constant tensile forces (CTS) by real-time PCR and ELISA. Additionally, gene expressions were evaluated in periodontal fibroblasts exposed to F. nucleatum and/or CTS in the presence and absence of a MAPK inhibitor by real-time PCR. RESULTS Increased CXCL5, CXCL8, and CXCL10 levels were observed in human and rat gingiva from sites of inflammation as compared with periodontal health. The rat experimental periodontitis caused a significant (p<0.05) increase in alveolar bone resorption, which was further enhanced when combined with tooth movement. In vitro, F. nucleatum caused a significant upregulation of CXCL5, CXCL8, and CXCL10 at 1 day. Once the cells were exposed simultaneously to F. nucleatum and CTS, the chemokines regulation was significantly enhanced. The transcriptional findings were also observed at protein level. Pre-incubation with the MEK1/2 inhibitor significantly (p<0.05) inhibited the stimulatory actions of F. nucleatum either alone or in combination with CTS on the expression levels of CXCL5, CXCL8, and CXCL10 at 1d. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide original evidence that biomechanical strain further increases the stimulatory actions of periodontal bacteria on the expressions of these chemokines. Therefore, biomechanical loading in combination with periodontal infection may lead to stronger recruitment of immunoinflammatory cells to the periodontium, which might result in an aggravation of periodontal inflammation and destruction.
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Su W, Shi J, Zhao Y, Li H, Lei L. Gingival fibroblasts dynamically reprogram cellular metabolism during infection of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 121:104963. [PMID: 33157496 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to explore the sequential changes in the cellular metabolism in gingival fibroblasts (GFs) in response toPorphyromonas gingvalis (P. gingivalis) ATCC33277 infection. DESIGN GFs were treated withP. gingivalis at the MOI of 50 for 4, 24 and 48 h to mimic the early, medium, and late phase in the bacterial infection. LDH assay and cell counting kit-8 were utilized to explore cell death and proliferation. Real-time PCR was utilized to explore the gene transcription of pro-inflammatory genes. The relative levels of biomolecules in GFs were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least-squares-discriminant analysis were performed to visualize the metabolic difference among experimental groups. In addition, pathway analysis was conducted regarding differential metabolites in GFs. RESULTS P. gingivalis infection triggered significant gene transcription of IL-1β, IL 6, MCP 1, and MMP 1 in GFs. In addition, P. gingivalis stimulated cell proliferation of GFs at MOI of 10, 50 and 250. Moreover, P. gingivalis triggered significant cell death at higher MOI. 69, 173 and 148 metabolites were qualitatively detected at 4, 24 and 48 h after P. gingivalis infection respectively in GFs, showing a sequential change of different phase. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis demonstrated that ATP-binding cassette transporters, glutathione, purine and pyrimidine metabolism was significantly altered in different phase. CONCLUSIONS Human GFs may sequentially rewire metabolomics to shape the inflammatory responses and support the proliferation of host cells during P. gingivalis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Su
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China; Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahong Shi
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China; Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunhe Zhao
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China; Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Houxuan Li
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China; Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lang Lei
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China; Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Song Y, Lin J, Zhang Z, Xu B, Bi L. Antimicrobial effect of photodynamic therapy using sinoporphyrin sodium and 390-400 nm light-emitting diode on Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:153-164. [PMID: 32621127 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (a-PDT) using a novel combination of sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS) and light-emitting diode (LED) with a wavelength of 390-400 nm on Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro. Absorption spectrum of DVDMS was determined by spectrometer for selecting suitable wavelength light source. The uptake of DVDMS by P. gingivalis was evaluated according to fluorescence intensity detected by a spectrometer. Then effects of DVDMS alone, 390-400 nm LED alone, and photodynamic therapy produced by 10, 20, 40, and 80 μg/mL DVDMS and 390-400 nm LED on the suspension of P. gingivalis were evaluated by counting the number of colony forming units (CFU) after incubation. In the experiment, the LED illumination time was 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 360 s, respectively, and the corresponding energy density was 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 12 J/cm2, respectively. According to the absorption spectrum of DVDMS, the 390-400-nm light emitted by the LED was selected as the light source. The fluorescence intensity of DVDMS on P. gingivalis increased significantly at 5 min, and with the extension of time, it decreased at 30 min. DVDMS alone did not produce a significant toxicity on P. gingivalis compared with PBS (p = 0.979). While 390-400 nm LED alone had a certain bactericidal effect on P. gingivalis, the bactericidal effect was more obvious as the light dose increased (p < 0.001). The effect of a-PDT produced by 20, 40, and 80 μg/mL DVDMS and 390-400 nm LED were significantly better than that of 390-400 nm LED alone (p < 0.05). Both DVDMS concentration and light dose could enchance the bactericidal effect. The strongest photo-killing effect was generated by 80 μg/mL DVDMS with 360 s illumination (energy density is 12 J/cm2), and the log reduction of bacteria was 5.69 ± 1.70. a-PDT using the combination of DVDMS with 390-400 nm LED shows promise as a new treatment modality for pathogens elimination in periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Song
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China.,Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Liangjia Bi
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China.
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Su W, Shi J, Zhao Y, Yan F, Lei L, Li H. Porphyromonas gingivalis triggers inflammatory responses in periodontal ligament cells by succinate-succinate dehydrogenase-HIF-1α axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 522:184-190. [PMID: 31757417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis and sepsis. Whether metabolic reprogramming participates in the progression of bacteriogenic periodontitis has never been reported. In the present study, we explored metabolic changes in periodontal ligament cells (PDLSCs) in response to Porphyromonas gingivalis. (P. gingivalis)-infected PDLSCs showed distinct metabolomics with metabolic reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. In addition, bacteria invasion triggered fundamental changes in glycolysis and tricarboxylate acid (TCA) cycle-related genes, such as the hexokinase (HK), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Moreover, P. gingivalis-infected PDLSCs showed accumulation of succinate, elevation in succinate dehydrogenase activity, pileup of reactive oxygen species and activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) pathway. HIF-1α and succinate inhibitors, as well as SDH knockdown alleviated proinflammatory cytokine expression in P. gingivalis-infected PDLSCs. Therefore, targeting metabolic reprogramming by regulating the succinate-SDH-HIF-1α axis may facilitate host modulation therapy of chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Su
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahong Shi
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunhe Zhao
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lang Lei
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Houxuan Li
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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11
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T helper 1 and 2 stimuli induce distinct phenotypes in gingival fibroblasts. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 102:171-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Monasterio G, Castillo F, Ibarra JP, Guevara J, Rojas L, Alvarez C, Fernández B, Agüero A, Betancur D, Vernal R. Alveolar bone resorption and Th1/Th17-associated immune response triggered duringAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced experimental periodontitis are serotype-dependent. J Periodontol 2018; 89:1249-1261. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Monasterio
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory; Faculty of Dentistry; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Francisca Castillo
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory; Faculty of Dentistry; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Ibarra
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory; Faculty of Dentistry; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - José Guevara
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory; Faculty of Dentistry; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Leticia Rojas
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory; Faculty of Dentistry; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Carla Alvarez
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory; Faculty of Dentistry; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Baltasar Fernández
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory; Faculty of Dentistry; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Amaru Agüero
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory; Faculty of Dentistry; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Daniel Betancur
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory; Faculty of Biological Sciences; Universidad de Concepción; Concepción Chile
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory; Faculty of Dentistry; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
- Dentistry Unit; Faculty of Health Sciences; Universidad Autónoma de Chile; Santiago Chile
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