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Vitiello F, Orilisi G, Notarstefano V, Furlani M, Riberti N, Bellezze T, Carrouel F, Putignano A, Orsini G. A Modern Multidisciplinary Method to Characterize Natural White Spot Lesions with 2D and 3D Assessments: A Preliminary Study. J Pers Med 2024; 14:542. [PMID: 38793124 PMCID: PMC11122579 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14050542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this preliminary study, a multidisciplinary method based on high-resolution analytical techniques (such as microcomputed tomography, Raman Microspectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Vickers microhardness test) was exploited to evaluate the alterations that occur in human teeth at the initial stage of the carious lesion. To this purpose, six extracted molars displaying a natural white spot lesion (WSL) were investigated. Specific morphological, structural, and chemical parameters, such as the mineral density, indentation hardness, molecular and elemental composition, and surface micromorphology were obtained on the WSL, and the results were statistically compared (t-test, p < 0.05) to those of the sound enamel on the same tooth. In the WSL, with respect to the sound area, a decrease in the mineral density and crystallinity was detected together with differences in the molecular composition and surface microstructure, such as the occurrence of micropores and irregularities. Moreover, the elemental analysis highlighted in WSL showed a statistically significant decrease in Ca and P percentages. In conclusion, this multidisciplinary approach allows us to fully characterize the area of interest, providing a deeper knowledge of these enamel lesions, which could have important clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Vitiello
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.V.); (G.O.); (M.F.); (A.P.)
- Health, Systemic, Process (P2S), Research Unit UR 4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France;
| | - Giulia Orilisi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.V.); (G.O.); (M.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche (DISVA), Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Michele Furlani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.V.); (G.O.); (M.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Nicole Riberti
- Department of Neurosciences Imaging and Clinical Sciences (DNISC), University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Tiziano Bellezze
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning (SIMAU), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Florence Carrouel
- Health, Systemic, Process (P2S), Research Unit UR 4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France;
| | - Angelo Putignano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.V.); (G.O.); (M.F.); (A.P.)
- National Institute of Health and Science of Aging (INRCA), 60124 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Orsini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.V.); (G.O.); (M.F.); (A.P.)
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Pires PM, Rosa TDC, Ribeiro-Lages MB, Duarte ML, Cople Maia L, Neves ADA, Sauro S. Bioactive Restorative Materials Applied over Coronal Dentine-A Bibliometric and Critical Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:731. [PMID: 37370661 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10060731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the research was to examine the scientific literature concerning restorative materials with bioactive properties for the purpose of covering dentin. Searches were performed in various databases including MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Lilacs/BBO, and Embase. Inclusion criteria involved studies that utilized the terms "dentin" and "bioactive", along with "ion-releasing", "smart materials", "biomimetic materials" and "smart replacement for dentin". The information extracted included the title, authors, publication year, journal and the country of affiliation of the corresponding author. The studies were categorized based on their study design, type of material, substrate, analytical method, and bioactivity. A total of 7161 records were recovered and 159 were included for data extraction. Most of the publications were in vitro studies (n = 149), testing different types of materials in sound dentine (n = 115). Most studies were published in Dental Materials (n = 29), and an increase in publications could be observed after the year 2000. Most of the articles were from the USA (n = 34), followed by Brazil (n = 28). Interfacial analysis was the most investigated (n = 105), followed by bond strength (n = 86). Bioactivity potential was demonstrated for most tested materials (n = 148). This review presents insights into the current trends of bioactive materials development, clearly showing a severe lack of clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Maciel Pires
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-853, Brazil
- Dental Biomaterials & Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Departamento de Odontologia, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Thamirys da Costa Rosa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-853, Brazil
| | - Mariana Batista Ribeiro-Lages
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-853, Brazil
| | - Maysa Lannes Duarte
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-853, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-853, Brazil
| | - Aline de Almeida Neves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-853, Brazil
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Dental Biomaterials & Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Departamento de Odontologia, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, 46115 Valencia, Spain
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Micro-CT analysis of the mandibular bone microarchitecture of rats after radiotherapy and low-power laser therapy. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2645-2653. [PMID: 35257243 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03532-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate whether low-level laser therapy (LLLT), at different times of application (immediate and late) in the region of the parotid glands, has a distance effect on the microarchitecture of the trabecular bone in mandible of rats irradiated by volumetric modular arc therapy (VMAT). Thirty adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into placebo control groups (CG, n = 2), only radiotherapy (RG, n = 2), only LPLT (LG, n = 2), and two other groups using LLLT in the immediate time (24 h) (ILG, n = 12) and late (120 h) (LLG, n = 12) to radiotherapy by VMAT in a single dose of 12 Gy. LLLT with AsGaAl laser (660 nm, 100 mW), a spot size of 0.0028 cm2, was applied in three points in the region of the right parotid gland, with energy of 2 J/cm2, 20 s per point, for 10 consecutive days. After euthanasia, the right hemimandibles of each animal were dissected, prepared, and analyzed by computerized microtomography (micro-CT) and histomorphometry. The different groups were analyzed by the Tukey and Bonferroni multiple comparison tests. The micro-CT analysis found statistically significant differences between the groups, especially in the LLG, which had the highest average bone volume compared to the CG (p = 0.001) and ILG (p = 0.002) and a greater number of trabeculae than the CG (p = 0.000) and ILG (p = 0.031). The ILG also had a higher number of trabeculae than the CG (p = 0.005). Trabecula separation (Tb.Sp) was lower in the LLG (p = 0.000) and ILG (p = 0.002) when compared to the CG. In the histomorphometry, there was no statistical difference between the groups in relation to all the analyzed variables. Micro-CT analysis showed that the LLLT, even applied at a distance, both in the immediate and late VMAT times, has an effect on the mandibular bone microarchitecture by increasing the volume and number of trabeculae and decreasing the spaces between them.
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Ghavami-Lahiji M, Davalloo RT, Tajziehchi G, Shams P. Micro-computed tomography in preventive and restorative dental research: A review. Imaging Sci Dent 2022; 51:341-350. [PMID: 34987994 PMCID: PMC8695474 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20210087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The use of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scans in biomedical and dental research is growing rapidly. This study aimed to explore the scientific literature on approaches and applications of micro-CT in restorative dentistry. Materials and Methods An electronic search of publications from January 2009 to March 2021 was conducted using ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The search included only English-language articles. Therefore, only studies that addressed recent advances and the potential uses of micro-CT in restorative and preventive dentistry were selected. Results Micro-CT is a tool that enables 3-dimensional imaging on a small scale with very high resolution. In this method, there is no need for sample preparation or slicing. Therefore, it is possible to examine the internal structure of tissue and the internal adaptation of materials to surfaces without destroying them. Due to these advantages, micro-CT has been recommended as a standard imaging tool in dental research for many applications such as tissue engineering, endodontics, restorative dentistry, and research on the mineral density of hard tissues and bone growth. However, the high costs of micro-CT, the time necessary for scanning and reconstruction, computer expertise requirements, and the enormous volume of information are drawbacks. Conclusion The potential of micro-CT as an emerging, accurate, non-destructive approach is clear, and the valuable research findings reported in the literature provide an impetus for researchers to perform future studies focusing on employing this method in dental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrsima Ghavami-Lahiji
- Dental Sciences Research Center, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Reza Tayefeh Davalloo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Gelareh Tajziehchi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Paria Shams
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Rodrigues GF, Monteiro ASN, Vollú AL, Pires PM, Silva ASDS, Lopes RT, Oliveira BH, Neves ADA, Barja-Fidalgo F, Fonseca-Gonçalves A. Efficacy of 30% and 38% Silver Diamine Fluoride in Arresting Caries Lesions After Different Application Times: An in Vitro Study. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2022.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Sadyrin E, Swain M, Mitrin B, Rzhepakovsky I, Nikolaev A, Irkha V, Yogina D, Lyanguzov N, Maksyukov S, Aizikovich S. Characterization of Enamel and Dentine about a White Spot Lesion: Mechanical Properties, Mineral Density, Microstructure and Molecular Composition. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1889. [PMID: 32967152 PMCID: PMC7560001 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The study focuses on in vitro tracing of some fundamental changes that emerge in teeth at the initial stage of caries development using multiple approaches. The research was conducted on a mostly sound maxillary molar tooth but with a clearly visible natural proximal white spot lesion (WSL). Values of mineral density, reduced Young's modulus, indentation hardness and creep as well as the molecular composition and surface microstructure of the WSL and bordering dentine area were studied. The results obtained were compared to those of sound enamel and dentine on the same tooth. A decrease of mechanical properties and mineral density both for the WSL and bordering dentine was detected in comparison to the sound counterparts, as well as increase of creep for the enamel WSL. Differences in molecular composition and surface microstructure (including the indenter impressions) were found and described. WSL induces a serious change in the state of not only the visually affected enamel but also surrounding visually intact enamel and dentine in its vicinity. The results provide the basis for future studies of efficacy of minimal invasive treatments of caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy Sadyrin
- Research and Education Center “Materials”, Don State Technical University, Gagarin Square 1, 344000 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (M.S.); (B.M.); (A.N.); (V.I.); (S.A.)
| | - Michael Swain
- Research and Education Center “Materials”, Don State Technical University, Gagarin Square 1, 344000 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (M.S.); (B.M.); (A.N.); (V.I.); (S.A.)
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering department, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Boris Mitrin
- Research and Education Center “Materials”, Don State Technical University, Gagarin Square 1, 344000 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (M.S.); (B.M.); (A.N.); (V.I.); (S.A.)
| | - Igor Rzhepakovsky
- Institute of Life Sciences, North Caucasus Federal University, Pushkin Street 1, 355009 Stavropol, Russia;
| | - Andrey Nikolaev
- Research and Education Center “Materials”, Don State Technical University, Gagarin Square 1, 344000 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (M.S.); (B.M.); (A.N.); (V.I.); (S.A.)
| | - Vladimir Irkha
- Research and Education Center “Materials”, Don State Technical University, Gagarin Square 1, 344000 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (M.S.); (B.M.); (A.N.); (V.I.); (S.A.)
- Federal Research Centre The Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of The Sciences, Chehova Street 41, 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Diana Yogina
- Department of dentistry, Rostov State Medical University, Nakhichevansky Lane 29, 344022 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (D.Y.); (S.M.)
| | - Nikolay Lyanguzov
- Faculty of Physics, Southern Federal University, Bolshaya Sadovaya Street 105/42, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia;
| | - Stanislav Maksyukov
- Department of dentistry, Rostov State Medical University, Nakhichevansky Lane 29, 344022 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (D.Y.); (S.M.)
| | - Sergei Aizikovich
- Research and Education Center “Materials”, Don State Technical University, Gagarin Square 1, 344000 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (M.S.); (B.M.); (A.N.); (V.I.); (S.A.)
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Keleş A, Keskin C, Kalkan M, Yakupoğulları Y, Gül M, Aydemir H, Şahin F. Visualization and characterization of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm structure in bovine dentin using 2D and 3D microscopic techniques. Arch Microbiol 2020; 203:269-277. [PMID: 32918096 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are related to various dental and periodontal infectious diseases, and the characterization of this biological structure with micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) may offer valuable information for clinical and research applications. In this study, we aimed to develop a model to visualize three-dimensionally the biofilm structure on dentin using micro-CT. Dentin blocks were prepared and incubated in tryptic soy broth with Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212). The control group did not receive any staining procedure, while groups 1 and 2 were stained with 100% and 50% barium sulfate, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were used to detect biofilm formation, barium sulfate penetration, and microbial cell density in the biofilm. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) (SkyScan 1172, Bruker Co., Belgium) was used to visualize biofilm formation on the dentin blocks. Biofilm thicknesses were measured from 10 different locations on the specimen surfaces, using CTAn v.1.14.4 software. Obtained data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests. TEM photomicrographs showed that barium sulfate could penetrate the biofilm structure. CLSM analysis showed that viable and total cell densities were similar between the control and barium sulfate-treated groups (P > 0.05), indicating barium sulfate had no significant influence on cell density. In barium sulfate-treated blocks, biofilm could be discriminated from the dentin, and its thickness could be measured with micro-CT. This study showed that bacterial biofilm on dentin could be characterized by micro-CT after barium sulfate staining without causing any significant side effect on viable and total cell densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Keleş
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University Samsun, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Cangül Keskin
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University Samsun, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Melis Kalkan
- Department of Genetic and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yakupoğulları
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gül
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Aydemir
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University Samsun, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetic and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Soares Dos Santos DM, Braga AS, Rizk M, Wiegand A, Magalhães AC. Comparison between micro-computed tomography and transverse microradiography of sound dentine treated with fluorides and demineralized by microcosm biofilm. Eur J Oral Sci 2019; 127:508-514. [PMID: 31584713 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to apply micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and transverse microradiography (TMR) to measure dentine demineralization and to test the preventive effect of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4 ) under microcosm biofilm. Sound dentine specimens from bovine root were treated for 6 h with: (i) 4.0% titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4 ) varnish [pH 1.0, 2.45% fluoride (F-); (ii) 5.42% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish (pH 5.0, 2.45% F); (iii) 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel (pH 7.0); (iv) placebo varnish (pH 5.0); or (v) no agent (untreated). Dentine specimens were then exposed to human saliva mixed with McBain saliva for 8 h. Thereafter, McBain saliva containing 0.2% sucrose was applied daily, for 5 d, onto dentine specimens to stimulate formation of microcosm biofilm. Although a high correlation was found between the results of both methods regarding integrated mineral loss, the results of the methods did not show good agreement in Bland-Altman plots, with significant biases in calculations of lesion depth. Fluoride varnishes were able to reduce dentine demineralization (P < 0.05), while CHX failed to do so. Fluorides are still the best option to reduce dentine demineralization. Micro-CT may be used to measure dentine mineral loss, but not the lesion depth, for which TMR is superior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aline S Braga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Marta Rizk
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Annette Wiegand
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ana C Magalhães
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
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Pires PM, Santos TP, Fonseca-Gonçalves A, Pithon MM, Lopes RT, Neves AA. Mineral density in carious dentine after treatment with calcium silicates and polyacrylic acid-based cements. Int Endod J 2018; 51:1292-1300. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. M. Pires
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - T. P. Santos
- Laboratory for Nuclear Instrumentation; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - A. Fonseca-Gonçalves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - M. M. Pithon
- State University of Southwestern Bahia; Jequié BA Brazil
| | - R. T. Lopes
- Laboratory for Nuclear Instrumentation; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - A. A. Neves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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