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Wu LY, Su BC, Yu HH, Cheng CC, Tsai CC, Hsu PL, Lee CW. Antihypertensive agent losartan promotes tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation via EGFR/ERK1/2/cyclin D1 signaling axis. J Oral Biosci 2024:S1349-0079(24)00198-1. [PMID: 39245205 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effects of losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, in the SCC4 and SCC25 human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. METHODS Cell proliferation was measured by MTS/PMS activity and trypan blue exclusion assays. The levels of the cell proliferation marker, cyclin D1, were analyzed by western blotting. Apoptosis was assessed by caspase-3 activation and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide double staining. Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and ERK1/2 was validated by western blotting. RESULTS Moderate concentrations of losartan enhanced the proliferation of SCC4 and SCC25 cells. However, high losartan concentrations induced apoptosis in SCC4 cells. Losartan activated the EGFR/ERK1/2/cyclin D1 signaling axis, which in turn promoted cell proliferation. Afatinib (EGFR inhibitor) and U0126 (ERK1/2 inhibitor) abolished losartan-induced cell proliferation. In contrast, UC2288 (p21 inhibitor) enhanced it. CONCLUSIONS Losartan exhibited dual effects on tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells. Moderate losartan concentrations facilitated cell proliferation, whereas high concentrations induced cytotoxicity in tongue carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo-Yun Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Chyuan Su
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsien Yu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Cheng
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Wan Lee
- Department of Nursing, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, 78, Section 2, Minzu Road, West Central District, Tainan 70007, Taiwan.
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Cavalu S, Saber S, Amer AE, Hamad RS, Abdel-Reheim MA, Elmorsy EA, Abdelhamid AM. The multifaceted role of beta-blockers in overcoming cancer progression and drug resistance: Extending beyond cardiovascular disorders. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23813. [PMID: 38976162 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400725rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Beta-blockers are commonly used medications that antagonize β-adrenoceptors, reducing sympathetic nervous system activity. Emerging evidence suggests that beta-blockers may also have anticancer effects and help overcome drug resistance in cancer treatment. This review summarizes the contribution of different isoforms of beta-adrenoceptors in cancer progression, the current preclinical and clinical data on associations between beta-blockers use and cancer outcomes, as well as their ability to enhance responses to chemotherapy and other standard therapies. We discuss proposed mechanisms, including effects on angiogenesis, metastasis, cancer stem cells, and apoptotic pathways. Overall, results from epidemiological studies and small clinical trials largely indicate the beneficial effects of beta-blockers on cancer progression and drug resistance. However, larger randomized controlled trials are needed to firmly establish their clinical efficacy and optimal utilization as adjuvant agents in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Amer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Rabab S Hamad
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Central Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Elsayed A Elmorsy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amir Mohamed Abdelhamid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
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Stucky A, Viet CT, Aouizerat BE, Ye Y, Doan C, Mundluru T, Sedhiazadeh P, Sinha UK, Chen X, Zhang X, Li SC, Cai J, Zhong JF. Single-Cell Molecular Profiling of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Reveals Five Dysregulated Signaling Pathways Associated With Circulating Tumor Cells. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241251571. [PMID: 38869038 PMCID: PMC11179551 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241251571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the dysregulated signaling pathways of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma associated with circulating tumor cells (CTCs) via single-cell molecular characterization. INTRODUCTION Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a significant global burden and is a disease with poor survival. Despite trials exploring new treatment modalities to improve disease control rates, the 5 year survival rate remains low at only 60%. Most cancer malignancies are reported to progress to a fatal phase due to the metastatic activity derived from treatment-resistant cancer cells, regarded as one of the most significant obstacles to develope effective cancer treatment options. However, the molecular profiles of cancer cells have not been thoroughly studied. METHODS Here, we examined in-situ HNSCC tumors and pairwisely followed up with the downstream circulating tumor cells (CTCs)-based on the surrogate biomarkers to detect metastasis that is established in other cancers - not yet being fully adopted in HNSCC treatment algorithms. RESULTS Specifically, we revealed metastatic HNSCC patients have complex CTCs that could be defined through gene expression and mutational gene profiling derived from completed single-cell RNASeq (scRNASeq) that served to confirm molecular pathways inherent in these CTCs. To enhance the reliability of our findings, we cross-validated those molecular profiles with results from previously published studies. CONCLUSION Thus, we identified 5 dysregulated signaling pathways in CTCs to derive HNSCC biomarker panels for screening HNSCC in situ tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Stucky
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Chi T Viet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Bradley E Aouizerat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yi Ye
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Coleen Doan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Tarun Mundluru
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontics and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Parish Sedhiazadeh
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontics and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Uttam K Sinha
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xuelian Chen
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Shengwen Calvin Li
- Neuro-Oncology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience Research, CHOC Children's Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Jin Cai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang F Zhong
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Carnet Le Provost K, Kepp O, Kroemer G, Bezu L. Trial watch: beta-blockers in cancer therapy. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2284486. [PMID: 38126031 PMCID: PMC10732641 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2284486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidence supports the hypothesis that stress negatively impacts cancer development and prognosis. Irrespective of its physical, biological or psychological source, stress triggers a physiological response that is mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic adrenal medullary axis. The resulting release of glucocorticoids and catecholamines into the systemic circulation leads to neuroendocrine and metabolic adaptations that can affect immune homeostasis and immunosurveillance, thus impairing the detection and eradication of malignant cells. Moreover, catecholamines directly act on β-adrenoreceptors present on tumor cells, thereby stimulating survival, proliferation, and migration of nascent neoplasms. Numerous preclinical studies have shown that blocking adrenergic receptors slows tumor growth, suggesting potential clinical benefits of using β-blockers in cancer therapy. Much of these positive effects of β-blockade are mediated by improved immunosurveillance. The present trial watch summarizes current knowledge from preclinical and clinical studies investigating the anticancer effects of β-blockers either as standalone agents or in combination with conventional antineoplastic treatments or immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Killian Carnet Le Provost
- Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Lucillia Bezu
- Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Département d’anesthésie, Chirurgie et Interventionnel, Villejuif, France
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Navarro-Bielsa A, Gracia-Cazaña T, Almagro M, De la Fuente-Meira S, Flórez Á, Yélamos O, Montero-Vilchez T, González-Cruz C, Diago A, Abadías-Granado I, Fuentelsaz V, Colmenero M, Bañuls J, Arias-Santiago S, Buendía-Eisman A, Almenara-Blasco M, Gil-Pallares P, Gilaberte Y. The Influence of the Exposome in the Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma, a Multicenter Case-Control Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5376. [PMID: 38001636 PMCID: PMC10670280 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The concept of exposome refers to the total of harmful and beneficial environmental exposures that can help predict the organism's biological responses over time. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from sun exposure has been recognized as the main etiological agent of skin cancer, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one most commonly associated with chronic exposure. However, in recent years, evidence suggests that lifestyle, environmental pollution, and contaminants in water and food can have an influence. OBJECTIVES To study the relationship between SCC and sun exposure, pollution, stress, and lifestyle in a Spanish cohort. MATERIALS AND METHOD A multicenter case-control study was carried out in which 13 dermatologists from different regions of Spain recruited cases and controls between April 2020 and August 2022. The group of cases were patients diagnosed with SCC and, as a control group, people who attended Dermatology consultations as companions with no history of skin cancer. RESULTS A total of 62 patients with SCC and 126 controls were included (62.9% males, median age 76.46 (10.1) and 33.3%, median age 55.7 (15), respectively). The SCC group had experienced more outside work than the controls (75% vs. 22.4%, p < 0.001), less recreational exposure (sunbathing, p = 0.05, and outdoor sports, p = 0.01), and a lower annual income (p = 0.01), with an increase in tobacco exposure (p < 0.001), without differences in other carcinogens, such as ionizing radiation or chemical exposure. The control group had a higher daily screentime use (p < 0.001) and practiced more relaxation activities (p = 0.03). A higher linolenic acid intake and lower coffee consumption were the only dietary variables associated with SCC (p < 0.05). Some chronic medications (anxiolytics, antidepressants, beta-blockers, statins, hydrochlorothiazide, ACE inhibitors, metformin, and omeprazole) were also statistically associated with SCC. Statistical significance for all aforementioned variables was maintained in the multivariate analysis (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study found a significant association between SCC and multiple exposome-related factors in addition to chronic sun exposure in the Spanish population. Primary prevention strategies should target specific populations, such as outdoor workers promoting sun-safe behaviors and stress-reducing activities, in addition to adequate skin photoprotection in patients under certain medications associated with SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Navarro-Bielsa
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Tamara Gracia-Cazaña
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Manuel Almagro
- Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Ángeles Flórez
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Pontevedra, 36162 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Oriol Yélamos
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB SANT PAU, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Trinidad Montero-Vilchez
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación IBS, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos González-Cruz
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrián Diago
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | - María Colmenero
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Costa del Sol, 29603 Marbella, Spain
| | - José Bañuls
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, ISABIAL, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Salvador Arias-Santiago
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación IBS, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Almenara-Blasco
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pedro Gil-Pallares
- Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15705 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Yolanda Gilaberte
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Yun HM, Kim B, Kim SH, Kwon SH, Park KR. Xanol Promotes Apoptosis and Autophagy and Inhibits Necroptosis and Metastasis via the Inhibition of AKT Signaling in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cells 2023; 12:1768. [PMID: 37443802 PMCID: PMC10340602 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Angelica keiskei Koidzumi (A. keiskei) is used as a traditional medicine, anti-aging agent, and health food, as well as to restore vitality. Xanthoangelol (xanol), a prenylated chalcone, is the predominant constituent of A. keiskei. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common malignancy, has a high proliferation rate and frequent metastasis. However, it is unknown whether xanol has anti-OSCC effects on apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis. In the present study, we purified xanol from A. keiskei and demonstrated that it suppressed cell proliferation and induced cytotoxicity in human OSCC. Xanol triggered apoptotic cell death by regulating apoptotic machinery molecules but inhibited necroptotic cell death by dephosphorylating the necroptotic machinery molecules RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL in human OSCC. We also found that xanol inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway and induced autophagosome formation by enhancing beclin-1 and LC3 expression levels and reducing p62 expression levels. Furthermore, we showed that xanol prevented the metastatic phenotypes of human OSCC by inhibiting migration and invasion via the reduction of MMP13 and VEGF. Finally, we demonstrated that xanol exerted anticancer effects on tumorigenicity associated with its transformed properties. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the anticancer effects and biological mechanism of action of xanol as an effective phytomedicine for human OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Mun Yun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Bomi Kim
- National Development Institute for Korean Medicine, Gyeongsan 38540, Republic of Korea; (B.K.); (S.H.K.)
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- National Development Institute for Korean Medicine, Gyeongsan 38540, Republic of Korea; (B.K.); (S.H.K.)
| | - Seung-Hae Kwon
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kyung-Ran Park
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Gwangju 61751, Republic of Korea
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Silva JPN, Pinto B, Monteiro L, Silva PMA, Bousbaa H. Combination Therapy as a Promising Way to Fight Oral Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1653. [PMID: 37376101 PMCID: PMC10301495 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a highly aggressive tumor with invasive properties that can lead to metastasis and high mortality rates. Conventional treatment strategies, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, alone or in combination, are associated with significant side effects. Currently, combination therapy has become the standard practice for the treatment of locally advanced oral cancer, emerging as an effective approach in improving outcomes. In this review, we present an in-depth analysis of the current advancements in combination therapies for oral cancer. The review explores the current therapeutic options and highlights the limitations of monotherapy approaches. It then focuses on combinatorial approaches that target microtubules, as well as various signaling pathway components implicated in oral cancer progression, namely, DNA repair players, the epidermal growth factor receptor, cyclin-dependent kinases, epigenetic readers, and immune checkpoint proteins. The review discusses the rationale behind combining different agents and examines the preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the effectiveness of these combinations, emphasizing their ability to enhance treatment response and overcome drug resistance. Challenges and limitations associated with combination therapy are discussed, including potential toxicity and the need for personalized treatment approaches. A future perspective is also provided to highlight the existing challenges and possible resolutions toward the clinical translation of current oral cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P. N. Silva
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.P.N.S.); (B.P.); (L.M.)
| | - Bárbara Pinto
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.P.N.S.); (B.P.); (L.M.)
| | - Luís Monteiro
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.P.N.S.); (B.P.); (L.M.)
| | - Patrícia M. A. Silva
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.P.N.S.); (B.P.); (L.M.)
- TOXRUN—Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Hassan Bousbaa
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.P.N.S.); (B.P.); (L.M.)
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D'Silva NJ, Perez-Pacheco C, Schmitd LB. The 3D's of Neural Phenotypes in Oral Cancer: Distance, Diameter, and Density. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200188. [PMID: 36373694 PMCID: PMC9957924 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck cancer; survival is poor, and response to treatment varies. Metastasis or recurrence in the regional lymph nodes is associated with poor survival. Consequently, overt or occult spread to the lymph nodes is used to identify patients who will receive adjuvant radiation therapy. Perineural invasion and the diameter of nerves exhibiting perineural invasion have also been suggested to be of prognostic significance. The explosion of interest in cancer neuroscience in the last two decades has led to novel biological insights into interactions between nerves and tumor cells. However, the criteria for defining perineural invasion have lagged behind current knowledge. It is important to re-evaluate the concept of perineural invasion and identify other neural phenotypes in OSCC that can impact treatment selection and prognosis. In addition to perineural invasion, neural phenotypes that are of potential relevance to tumor progression include nerve-tumor distance, nerve diameter, and nerve density. This manuscript discusses the translational significance of recent mechanistic studies on the progression of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha J D'Silva
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Cindy Perez-Pacheco
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ligia B Schmitd
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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