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Mangione R, Giallongo C, Duminuco A, La Spina E, Longhitano L, Giallongo S, Tibullo D, Lazzarino G, Saab MW, Sbriglione A, Palumbo GA, Graziani A, Alanazi AM, Di Pietro V, Tavazzi B, Amorini AM, Lazzarino G. Targeted Metabolomics Highlights Dramatic Antioxidant Depletion, Increased Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress and Altered Purine and Pyrimidine Concentrations in Serum of Primary Myelofibrosis Patients. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:490. [PMID: 38671937 PMCID: PMC11047794 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To date, little is known concerning the circulating levels of biochemically relevant metabolites (antioxidants, oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers, purines, and pyrimidines) in patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF), a rare form of myeloproliferative tumor causing a dramatic decrease in erythropoiesis and angiogenesis. In this study, using a targeted metabolomic approach, serum samples of 22 PMF patients and of 22 control healthy donors were analyzed to quantify the circulating concentrations of hypoxanthine, xanthine, uric acid (as representative purines), uracil, β-pseudouridine, uridine (as representative pyrimidines), reduced glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (as two of the main water-soluble antioxidants), malondialdehyde, nitrite, nitrate (as oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers) and creatinine, using well-established HPLC method for their determination. Results showed that PMF patients have dramatic depletions of both ascorbic acid and GSH (37.3- and 3.81-times lower circulating concentrations, respectively, than those recorded in healthy controls, p < 0.0001), accompanied by significant increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite + nitrate (4.73- and 1.66-times higher circulating concentrations, respectively, than those recorded in healthy controls, p < 0.0001). Additionally, PMF patients have remarkable alterations of circulating purines, pyrimidines, and creatinine, suggesting potential mitochondrial dysfunctions causing energy metabolism imbalance and consequent increases in these cell energy-related compounds. Overall, these results, besides evidencing previously unknown serum metabolic alterations in PMF patients, suggest that the determination of serum levels of the aforementioned compounds may be useful to evaluate PMF patients on hospital admission for adjunctive therapies aimed at recovering their correct antioxidant status, as well as to monitor patients' status and potential pharmacological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Mangione
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensive and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart of Rome, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine, UniCamillus—Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Cesarina Giallongo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, Division of Hematology, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy; (C.G.); (S.G.); (G.A.P.)
| | - Andrea Duminuco
- Hematology Unit with BMT, A.O.U. Policlinico “G.Rodolico-San Marco”, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Enrico La Spina
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.L.S.); (L.L.); (D.T.); (G.L.); (M.W.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Lucia Longhitano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.L.S.); (L.L.); (D.T.); (G.L.); (M.W.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Sebastiano Giallongo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, Division of Hematology, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy; (C.G.); (S.G.); (G.A.P.)
| | - Daniele Tibullo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.L.S.); (L.L.); (D.T.); (G.L.); (M.W.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Lazzarino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.L.S.); (L.L.); (D.T.); (G.L.); (M.W.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Miriam Wissam Saab
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.L.S.); (L.L.); (D.T.); (G.L.); (M.W.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Arianna Sbriglione
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.L.S.); (L.L.); (D.T.); (G.L.); (M.W.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Giuseppe A. Palumbo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, Division of Hematology, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy; (C.G.); (S.G.); (G.A.P.)
| | - Andrea Graziani
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine, UniCamillus—Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Amer M. Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Valentina Di Pietro
- Neurotrauma and Ophthalmology Research Group, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
- National Institute for Health Research Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - Barbara Tavazzi
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine, UniCamillus—Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Angela Maria Amorini
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.L.S.); (L.L.); (D.T.); (G.L.); (M.W.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Giacomo Lazzarino
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine, UniCamillus—Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (G.L.)
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Novel Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Kidney Transplantation. TRANSPLANTOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/transplantology2020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the most important mechanisms involved in delayed or reduced graft function after kidney transplantation. It is a complex pathophysiological process, followed by a pro-inflammatory response that enhances the immunogenicity of the graft and the risk of acute rejection. Many biologic processes are involved in its development, such as transcriptional reprogramming, the activation of apoptosis and cell death, endothelial dysfunction and the activation of the innate and adaptive immune response. Recent evidence has highlighted the importance of complement activation in IRI cascade, which expresses a pleiotropic action on tubular cells, on vascular cells (pericytes and endothelial cells) and on immune system cells. The effects of IRI in the long term lead to interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, which contribute to chronic graft dysfunction and subsequently graft failure. Furthermore, several metabolic alterations occur upon IRI. Metabolomic analyses of IRI detected a “metabolic profile” of this process, in order to identify novel biomarkers that may potentially be useful for both early diagnosis and monitoring the therapeutic response. The aim of this review is to update the most relevant molecular mechanisms underlying IRI, and also to discuss potential therapeutic targets in future clinical practice.
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Fisher O, Benson RA, Imray CH. The clinical application of purine nucleosides as biomarkers of tissue Ischemia and hypoxia in humans in vivo. Biomark Med 2019; 13:953-965. [PMID: 31321992 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2019-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During periods of ischemia and hypoxia, intracellular adenosine triphosphate stores are rapidly depleted. Its metabolism results in release of purine nucleosides into the systemic circulation. While the potential of purine nucleosides as a biomarker of ischemia has long been recognized, this has been limited by their complex physiological role and inherent instability leading to problematic sampling and prolonged, complex analysis procedures. Purine release has been demonstrated from cerebral tissue in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy and patients presenting to hospital with stroke and transient ischemic attack. Rises in purine nucleosides have also been demonstrated in patients with angina and myocardial infarction, during systemic hypoxia, exercise, in patients with peripheral arterial disease and during surgery. This article reviews purine nucleoside production in ischemia, the development of purine analysis technology and details results of the studies investigating purine nucleosides as a biomarker of ischemia with suggestions for areas of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owain Fisher
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.,Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Ruth A Benson
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.,Institute of Cancer & Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2SY, UK
| | - Christopher He Imray
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.,Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
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Lazzarino G, Listorti I, Muzii L, Amorini AM, Longo S, Di Stasio E, Caruso G, D’Urso S, Puglia I, Pisani G, Lazzarino G, Tavazzi B, Bilotta P. Low-molecular weight compounds in human seminal plasma as potential biomarkers of male infertility. Hum Reprod 2018; 33:1817-1828. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Lazzarino
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University of Rome, and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Listorti
- Alma Res Fertility Centre, Centro di Fecondazione Assistita Alma Res, Via Parenzo 12, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Muzii
- Alma Res Fertility Centre, Centro di Fecondazione Assistita Alma Res, Via Parenzo 12, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Maria Amorini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University of Rome, and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Longo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University of Rome, and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
- LTA-Biotech srl, Viale Don Orione, 3D, Paternò, Catania, Italy
| | - Enrico Di Stasio
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University of Rome, and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caruso
- Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero, 73, Troina, Enna, Italy
| | - Serafina D’Urso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, Catania, Italy
| | - Ilaria Puglia
- Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, Teramo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pisani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Camillo-Forlanini, Cir.ne Gianicolense 87, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lazzarino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, Catania, Italy
- LTA-Biotech srl, Viale Don Orione, 3D, Paternò, Catania, Italy
| | - Barbara Tavazzi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University of Rome, and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Bilotta
- Alma Res Fertility Centre, Centro di Fecondazione Assistita Alma Res, Via Parenzo 12, Rome, Italy
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Proteo-metabolomics reveals compensation between ischemic and non-injured contralateral kidneys after reperfusion. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8539. [PMID: 29867102 PMCID: PMC5986744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26804-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischaemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) is the leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), which contributes to high morbidity and mortality rates in a wide range of injuries as well as the development of chronic kidney disease. The cellular and molecular responses of the kidney to IRI are complex and not fully understood. Here, we used an integrated proteomic and metabolomic approach to investigate the effects of IRI on protein abundance and metabolite levels. Rat kidneys were subjected to 45 min of warm ischaemia followed by 4 h and 24 h reperfusion, with contralateral and separate healthy kidneys serving as controls. Kidney tissue proteomics after IRI revealed elevated proteins belonging to the acute phase response, coagulation and complement pathways, and fatty acid (FA) signalling. Metabolic changes were already evident after 4 h reperfusion and showed increased level of glycolysis, lipids and FAs, whilst mitochondrial function and ATP production was impaired after 24 h. This deficit was partially compensated for by the contralateral kidney. Such a metabolic balance counteracts for the developing energy deficit due to reduced mitochondrial function in the injured kidney.
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Barin-Le Guellec C, Largeau B, Bon D, Marquet P, Hauet T. Ischemia/reperfusion-associated tubular cells injury in renal transplantation: Can metabolomics inform about mechanisms and help identify new therapeutic targets? Pharmacol Res 2018; 129:34-43. [PMID: 29309901 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tubular cells are central targets of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in kidney transplantation. Inflammation and metabolic disturbances occurring within these cells are deleterious by themselves but also favor secondary events, such as activation of immune response. It is critical to have an in depth understanding of the mechanisms governing tubular cells response to I/R if one wants to define pertinent biomarkers or to elaborate targeted therapeutic interventions. As oxidative damage was shown to be central in the patho-physiological mechanisms, the impact of I/R on proximal tubular cells metabolism has been widely studied, contrary to its effects on expression and activity of membrane transporters of the proximal tubular cells. Yet, temporal modulation of transporters over ischemia and reperfusion periods appears to play a central role, not only in the induction of cells injury but also in graft function recovery. Metabolomics in cell models or diverse biofluids has the potential to provide large pictures of biochemical consequences of I/R. Metabolomic studies conducted in experimental models of I/R or in transplanted patients indeed retrieved metabolites belonging to the pathways known to be particularly affected. Interestingly, they also revealed that metabolic disturbances and transporters activities are in very close mutual interplay. As well as helping to select diagnostic biomarkers, such analyses could also contribute to identify new pharmacological targets and to set up innovative nephroprotective strategies for the future. Even if various therapeutic approaches have been evaluated for a long time to prevent or treat I/R injuries, metabolomics has helped identifying new ones, those related to membrane transporters seeming to be of particular interest. However, considering the very complex and multifactorial effects of I/R in the context of kidney transplantation, all tracks must be followed if one wants to prevent or limit its deleterious consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Barin-Le Guellec
- INSERM UMR 1248, IPPRITT, Limoges, France; CHU Tours, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tours, France; FHU SUPORT, Limoges, Poitiers, Tours, France.
| | - Bérenger Largeau
- CHU Tours, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tours, France
| | - Delphine Bon
- FHU SUPORT, Limoges, Poitiers, Tours, France; University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France; INSERM UMR 1082, IRTOMIT, Poitiers, France; CHU Poitiers, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Poitiers, France
| | - Pierre Marquet
- INSERM UMR 1248, IPPRITT, Limoges, France; FHU SUPORT, Limoges, Poitiers, Tours, France; University of Limoges, Faculty of Medicine, Limoges, France; CHU Limoges, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Pharmacovigilance, Limoges, France
| | - Thierry Hauet
- FHU SUPORT, Limoges, Poitiers, Tours, France; University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France; INSERM UMR 1082, IRTOMIT, Poitiers, France; CHU Poitiers, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Poitiers, France
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7
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Aragon-Martinez OH, Galicia O, Isiordia-Espinoza MA, Martinez-Morales F. A novel method for measuring the ATP-related compounds in human erythrocytes. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2015; 233:205-14. [PMID: 25048613 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.233.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The ATP-related compounds in whole blood or red blood cells have been used to evaluate the energy status of erythrocytes and the degradation level of the phosphorylated compounds under various conditions, such as chronic renal failure, drug monitoring, cancer, exposure to environmental toxics, and organ preservation. The complete interpretation of the energetic homeostasis of erythrocytes is only performed using the compounds involved in the degradation pathway for adenine nucleotides alongside the uric acid value. For the first time, we report a liquid chromatographic method using a diode array detector that measures all of these compounds in a small human whole blood sample (125 μL) within an acceptable time of 20 min. The stability was evaluated for all of the compounds and ranged from 96.3 to 105.1% versus the day zero values. The measurement had an adequate sensitivity for the ATP-related compounds (detection limits from 0.001 to 0.097 μmol/L and quantification limits from 0.004 to 0.294 μmol/L). This method is particularly useful for measuring inosine monophosphate, inosine, hypoxanthine, and uric acid. Moreover, this assay had acceptable linearity (r > 0.990), precision (coefficients of variation ranged from 0.1 to 2.0%), specificity (similar retention times and spectra in all samples) and recoveries (ranged from 89.2 to 104.9%). The newly developed method is invaluable for assessing the energetic homeostasis of red blood cells under diverse conditions, such as in vitro experiments and clinical settings.
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A nonenzymatic sensor for xanthine based on electrospun carbon nanofibers modified electrode. Talanta 2011; 83:1410-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2010] [Revised: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Lazzarino G, Amorini AM, Eikelenboom MJ, Killestein J, Belli A, Di Pietro V, Tavazzi B, Barkhof F, Polman CH, Uitdehaag BMJ, Petzold A. Cerebrospinal fluid ATP metabolites in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2010; 16:549-54. [PMID: 20194579 DOI: 10.1177/1352458510364196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Increased axonal energy demand and mitochondrial failure have been suggested as possible causes for axonal degeneration and disability in multiple sclerosis. Our objective was to test whether ATP depletion precedes clinical, imaging and biomarker evidence for axonal degeneration in multiple sclerosis. The method consisted of a longitudinal study which included 21 patients with multiple sclerosis. High performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify biomarkers of the ATP metabolism (oxypurines and purines) from the cerebrospinal fluid at baseline. The Expanded Disability Status Scale, MRI brain imaging measures for brain atrophy (ventricular and parenchymal fractions), and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for axonal damage (phosphorylated and hyperphosphorylated neurofilaments) were quantified at baseline and 3-year follow-up. Central ATP depletion (sum of ATP metabolites >19.7 micromol/litre) was followed by more severe progression of disability if compared to normal ATP metabolites (median 1.5 versus 0, p< 0.05). Baseline ATP metabolite levels correlated with change of Expanded Disability Status Scale in the pooled cohort (r= 0.66, p= 0.001) and subgroups (relapsing-remitting patients: r= 0.79, p< 0.05 and secondary progressive/primary progressive patients: r= 0.69, p< 0.01). There was no relationship between central ATP metabolites and either biomarker or MRI evidence for axonal degeneration. The data suggests that an increased energy demand in multiple sclerosis may cause a quantifiable degree of central ATP depletion. We speculate that the observed clinical disability may be related to depolarisation associated conduction block.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lazzarino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Italy
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Domanski L, Pawlik A, Safranow K, Gryczman M, Sulikowski T, Jakubowska K, Olszewska M, Dziedziejko V, Ostrowski M, Chlubek D, Ciechanowski K. Circulating adhesion molecules and purine nucleotides during kidney allograft reperfusion. Transplant Proc 2009; 41:40-3. [PMID: 19249470 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.08.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 08/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The impairment of organ function due to ischemia-reperfusion injury is still an important problem in solid organ transplantation. Numerous experimental and clinical studies of native organs have shown that ischemia-reperfusion constitutes an acute inflammatory process involving cell surface adhesion molecule expression. These markers are crucial for the recruitment and infiltration of effector cells into the postischemic tissue. Purines released by the postischemic tissue as the products of the degradation of high-energy nucleotides can be regarded as markers of disturbed energy metabolism. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between circulating adhesion molecules and purine metabolites in graft renal vein plasma during 49 cases of kidney reperfusion. E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 concentrations correlated positively with hypoxanthine concentrations during reperfusion, whereas the concentrations of ICAM-1 correlated negatively with xanthine concentrations. The results of the present study suggested that the concentrations of adhesion molecules in the renal vein during reperfusion correlated with purine metabolites, reflecting metabolic changes in renal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Domanski
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Kathiwala M, Affum AO, Perry J, Brajter-Toth A. Direct measurements of xanthine in 2000-fold diluted xanthinuric urine with a nanoporous carbon fiber sensor. Analyst 2008; 133:810-6. [PMID: 18493684 DOI: 10.1039/b718125f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High selectivity and sensitivity is reported in the measurements of xanthine in urine by fast scan cyclic voltammetry (FSV) with a nanostructured carbon fiber sensor of 3.5 +/- 0.4 mum radius. Fabrication of the sensors for the measurements is described. Fabrication of the nanostructure at the carbon fiber sensor surface exposes surface pores. SEM images confirm the formation of the nanostructure. The results indicate that the nanostructure improves the sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD) in the measurements of xanthine and uric acid. The sensors allow rapid direct measurements of xanthine in 2000-fold diluted xanthinuric urine and of uric acid in 2000-fold diluted normal urine. The sensitivity and the LOD of xanthine is 0.40 +/- 0.02 nA microM(-1) (0.995) and 1 microM, respectively, and 0.99 +/- 0.01 nA microM(-1) (0.998) and 500 nM for uric acid. The concentration of xanthine in 2000-fold diluted xanthinuric urine is 1.6 +/- 0.2 muM from FSV and from HPLC. The concentration of xanthine and uric acid in urine can be determined by pre- or post-calibration of the sensor in buffer or by the method of standard addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehjabin Kathiwala
- University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
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