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Hu Y, Ren S, He Y, Wang L, Chen C, Tang J, Liu W, Yu F. Possible Oncogenic Viruses Associated with Lung Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10651-10666. [PMID: 33116642 PMCID: PMC7585805 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s263976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Tobacco smoking is the most predominant etiology for lung cancer. However, only a small percentage of heavy smokers develop lung cancer, which suggests that other cofactors are required for lung carcinogenesis. Viruses have been central to modern cancer research and provide profound insights into cancer causes. Nevertheless, the role of virus in lung cancer is still unclear. In this article, we reviewed the possible oncogenic viruses associated with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Siying Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqun Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenliang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenglei Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
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Kezeminasab S, Emamalizadeh B, Khoubnasabjafari M, Jouyban A. Exhaled Breath Condensate: A Non-Invasive Source for Tracking of Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Lung Diseases. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/ps.2020.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung diseases have been recognized as an extensive cause of morbidity and mortality in the worldwide. The high degree of clinical heterogeneity and nonspecific initial symptoms of lung diseases contribute to a delayed diagnosis. So, the molecular and genomic profiling play a pivotal role in promoting the pulmonary diseases. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) as a novel and potential method for sampling the respiratory epithelial lining fluid is to assess the inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, drugs and genetic alterations in the pathophysiologic processes of lung diseases. The recent studies on the analysis of EBC from both a genetic and epigenetic point of view were searched from database and reviewed. This review provides an overview of the current findings in the tracking of genomic and epigenetic alterations which are potentially effective in better management of cancer detection. In addition, respiratory microbiota DNA using EBC samples in association with pulmonary disease especially lung cancer were investigated. Various studies have concluded that EBC has a great potential for analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA alterations as well as epigenetic modifications and identification of respiratory microbiome. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) based genomic profiling of EBC samples is recommended as a promising approach to establish personalized based prevention, diagnosis, treatment and post-treatment follow-ups for patients with lung diseases especially lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Kezeminasab
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Babak Emamalizadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Khoubnasabjafari
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Jouyban
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Kimia Idea Pardaz Azerbaijan (KIPA) Science-Based Company, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Liu HX, Tao LL, Zhang J, Zhu YG, Zheng Y, Liu D, Zhou M, Ke H, Shi MM, Qu JM. Difference of lower airway microbiome in bilateral protected specimen brush between lung cancer patients with unilateral lobar masses and control subjects. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:769-778. [PMID: 29023689 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The functional role of respiratory microbiota has attracted an accumulating attention recently. However, the role of respiratory microbiome in lung carcinogenesis is mostly unknown. Our study aimed to characterize and compare bilateral lower airway microbiome of lung cancer patients with unilateral lobar masses and control subjects. Protected bronchial specimen brushing samples were collected from 24 lung cancer patients with unilateral lobar masses (paired samples from cancerous site and the contralateral noncancerous site) and 18 healthy controls undergoing bronchoscopies and further analyzed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. As results, significant decreases in microbial diversity were observed in patients with lung cancer in comparison to the controls, alpha diversity steadily declined from healthy site to noncancerous to cancerous site. Genus Streptococcus was significantly more abundant in cancer cases than the controls, while Staphylococcus was more abundant in the controls. The area under the curve of genus Streptococcus used to predict lung cancer was 0.693 (sensitivity = 87.5%, specificity = 55.6%). The abundance of genus Streptococcus and Neisseria displayed an increasing trend whereas Staphylococcus and Dialister gradually declined from healthy to noncancerous to cancerous site. Collectively, lung cancer-associated microbiota profile is distinct from that found in healthy controls, and the altered cancer-associated microbiota is not restricted to tumor tissue. The genus Streptococcus was abundant in lung cancer patients and exhibited moderate classification potential. The gradual microbiota profile shift from healthy site to noncancerous to paired cancerous site suggested a change of the microenvironment associated with the development of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xia Liu
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 221, West Yan An Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Li-Li Tao
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX
| | - Jing Zhang
- Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 180, Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ying-Gang Zhu
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 221, West Yan An Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 2000, Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 200112, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 221, West Yan An Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hui Ke
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, No. 507, Yangpu District, Zheng Min Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Meng-Meng Shi
- Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jie-Ming Qu
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No. 221, West Yan An Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.,Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
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