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Kotnala S, Dhasmana A, Dhasmana S, Haque S, Yallapu MM, Tripathi MK, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC. A Systems Biology Approach Unveils a Critical Role of DPP4 in Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Patient Outcomes. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2024; 43:43-55. [PMID: 38505912 PMCID: PMC11419273 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2023048056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers comprise of cancers that affect the digestive system and its accessory organs. The late detection and poor prognosis of GI cancer emphasizes the importance of identifying reliable and precise biomarkers for early diagnosis and prediction of prognosis. The membrane-bound glycoprotein dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4), also known as CD26, is ubiquitously expressed and has a wide spectrum of biological roles. The role of DPP4/CD26 in tumor progression in different types of cancers remains elusive. However, the link between DPP4 and tumor-infiltrating cells, as well as its prognostic significance in malignancies, still require further investigation. This study was intended to elucidate the correlation of DPP4 expression and survival along with prognosis, followed by its associated enriched molecular pathways and immune cell marker levels in upper GI cancers. Results demonstrated a strong correlation between increased DPP4 expression and a worse prognosis in esophageal and gastric cancer and the co-expressed common genes with DPP4 were associated with crucial molecular pathways involved in tumorigenesis. Additionally, DPP4 was shown to be significantly linked to several immune infiltrating cell marker genes, including Macrophages (M1, M2 and Tumor Associated Macrophages), neutrophils, Treg, T-cell exhaustion, Th1 and Th2. Overall, our findings suggest that DPP4 may serve as a substantial prognostic biomarker, a possible therapeutic target, as well as it can play a critical role in the regulation of immune cell invasion in patients with gastroesophageal (esophageal, gastroesophageal junction and gastric) cancer. KEY WORDS: DPP4, integrated analysis, GI cancer, gastroesophageal cancer, gastroesophageal junction, prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Kotnala
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
- Department of Biosciences and Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - Swati Dhasmana
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Murali M. Yallapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Manish K. Tripathi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Subhash C. Chauhan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
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Yu H, Mei XP, Su PF, Jin GZ, Zhou HK. A poor prognosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with low expression of DPP4. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 53:e9114. [PMID: 32294701 PMCID: PMC7162587 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20209114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the prognostic role of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). DPP4 expression was measured in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens that were gathered from 327 HCC patients. Immunohistochemistry analyses were utilized to examine DPP4 expression characteristics and prognostic values (overall survival (OS) and time to recurrence) of DDP4 in HCC tissues. In addition, a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model was used to assess the correlation between DPP4 expression and tumor growth in vivo. DPP4 was expressed in low levels in HCC tissues in contrast to paired peritumoral tissues (38 cases were down-regulated in a total of 59 cases, 64.4%. P=0.0202). DPP4 expression was significantly correlated with TNM stage (P=0.038), tumor number (P=0.035), and vascular invasion (P=0.024), and significantly reduced in patients who were in TNM stages II and III-V, with multiple tumors, and with microvascular invasion compared to patients with TNM stage I, single tumor, and no microvascular invasion. Notably, HCC tissues with low expression of DPP4 had poor OS (P=0.016) compared with HCC tissues with high expression of DPP4, and results from PDX model showed that tumor growth was significantly faster in HCC patients that lowly expressed DPP4 compared to those with highly expressed DPP4. Our findings suggested that low levels of DPP4 could impact the aggressiveness of HCC and contribute to a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing College, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Mei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing College, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng-Fei Su
- Department of General Surgery, Central Hospital of Liaoyang, Liaoyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guang-Zhi Jin
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Kun Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing College, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
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Shao S, Wang C, Tian J, Zhang H, Wang S, Du Y. Diagnostic and prognostic significance of serum CD26 level in Asian women with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Future Oncol 2019; 15:1863-1871. [PMID: 31140312 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to reveal the diagnostic and prognostic significance of serum CD26 level in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma women in China. Methods: There were 229 high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma women and 365 controls. Baseline serum CD26 level was measured using ELISA. A 36-month post-operation follow-up was performed. Results: Baseline serum CD26 level ≤601.5 pg/ml was associated with the increased risk of ovarian carcinoma (OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.20-2.32). Baseline serum level of CD26 ≤589.7 pg/ml was related to the elevated risk of cancer death (HR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.04-1.69). Conclusion: Baseline serum CD26 level might be an independent diagnostic and prognostic marker for high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Shao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jun Tian
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Shelian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Yaowu Du
- Laboratory for Nanomedicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan Province, PR China
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Enz N, Vliegen G, De Meester I, Jungraithmayr W. CD26/DPP4 - a potential biomarker and target for cancer therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 198:135-159. [PMID: 30822465 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)4 is a membrane-bound protein found in many cell types of the body, and a soluble form is present in body fluids. There is longstanding evidence that various primary tumors and also metastases express CD26/DPP4 to a variable extent. By cleaving dipeptides from peptides with a proline or alanine in the penultimate position at the N-terminus, it regulates the activity of incretin hormones, chemokines and many other peptides. Due to these effects and interactions with other molecules, a tumor promoting or suppressing role can be attributed to CD26/DPP4. In this review, we discuss the existing evidence on the expression of soluble or membrane-bound CD26/DPP4 in malignant diseases, along with the most recent findings on CD26/DPP4 as a therapeutic target in specific malignancies. The expression and possible involvement of the related DPP8 and DPP9 in cancer are also reviewed. A higher expression of CD26/DPP4 is found in a wide variety of tumor entities, however more research on CD26/DPP4 in the tumor microenvironment is needed to fully explore its use as a tumor biomarker. Circulating soluble CD26/DPP4 has also been studied as a cancer biomarker, however, the observed decrease in most cancer patients does not seem to be cancer specific. Encouraging results from experimental work and a recently reported first phase clinical trial targeting CD26/DPP4 in mesothelioma, renal and urological tumors pave the way for follow-up clinical studies, also in other tumor entities, possibly leading to the development of more effective complementary therapies against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Njanja Enz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Rostock, Schillingallee 35, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Gwendolyn Vliegen
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ingrid De Meester
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Wolfgang Jungraithmayr
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Rostock, Schillingallee 35, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
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Zhang N, Cong X, Zhou D, Guo L, Yuan C, Xu D, Su C. Predictive significance of serum dipeptidyl peptidase-IV in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2019; 24:7-17. [PMID: 30594915 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Cong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Congwang Yuan
- Department of Pain, Yancheng First People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, China
| | - Dahai Xu
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Chang Su
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
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Qin CJ, Zhao LH, Zhou X, Zhang HL, Wen W, Tang L, Zeng M, Wang MD, Fu GB, Huang S, Huang WJ, Yang Y, Bao ZJ, Zhou WP, Wang HY, Yan HX. Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV prevents high fat diet-induced liver cancer angiogenesis by downregulating chemokine ligand 2. Cancer Lett 2018; 420:26-37. [PMID: 29409972 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is typically accompanied by higher levels of serum dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). However, the role of DPP4 in obesity-promoted HCC is unclear. Here, we found that consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) promoted HCC cell proliferation and metastasis and led to poor survival in a carcinogen-induced model of HCC in rats. Notably, genetic ablation of DPP4 or treatment with a DPP4 inhibitor (vildagliptin) prevented HFD-induced HCC. Moreover, HFD-induced DPP4 activity facilitated angiogenesis and cancer cell metastasis in vitro and in vivo, and vildagliptin prevented tumor progression by mediating the pro-angiogenic role of chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2). Loss of DPP4 effectively reversed HFD-induced CCL2 production and angiogenesis, indicating that the DPP4/CCL2/angiogenesis cascade had key roles in HFD-associated HCC progression. Furthermore, concomitant changes in serum DPP4 and CCL2 were observed in 210 patients with HCC, and high serum DPP4 activity was associated with poor clinical prognosis. These results revealed a link between obesity-related high serum DPP4 activity and HCC progression. Inhibition of DPP4 may represent a novel therapeutic intervention for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jie Qin
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Easten Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer Research, Shanghai 201805, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ling-Hao Zhao
- National Center for Liver Cancer Research, Shanghai 201805, China; The Third Department of Easten Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Easten Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer Research, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Hui-Lu Zhang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wen Wen
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Easten Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer Research, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Liang Tang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Easten Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer Research, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Min Zeng
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Easten Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer Research, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Ming-Da Wang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Easten Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer Research, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Gong-Bo Fu
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Easten Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer Research, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Department of Tumor Minimally Invasive Surgery, Reiji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Wei-Jian Huang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Easten Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer Research, Shanghai 201805, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- The Third Department of Easten Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Bao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wei-Ping Zhou
- National Center for Liver Cancer Research, Shanghai 201805, China; The Third Department of Easten Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hong-Yang Wang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Easten Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer Research, Shanghai 201805, China.
| | - He-Xin Yan
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Easten Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer Research, Shanghai 201805, China.
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