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Délicat-Loembet LM, Baraïka MA, Bougoudogo F, Diallo DA. Bacterial Infection in the Sickle Cell Population: Development and Enabling Factors. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040859. [PMID: 37110283 PMCID: PMC10142700 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The high frequency of bacterial infections represents a major threat to public health. In developing countries, they are still responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in pediatric populations with sickle cell disease, particularly in children under 5 years of age. Indeed, they have an increased susceptibility to bacterial infections due to their immune deficiency. This susceptibility is even greater for pneumococcal and salmonella infections. In addition, the underdevelopment of some countries and socio-economic factors increases this condition. This review examines the common and specific factors leading to infections in people with sickle cell disease in different types of developed and undeveloped countries. The threat of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by S. pneumoniae and Salmonella, is of increasing concern due to the rise in bacterial resistance to antibiotics. In light of this disturbing data, new strategies to control and prevent these infections are needed. Solutions could be systematic penicillin therapy, vaccinations, and probabilistic antibiotic therapy protocols.
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Fang X, Cai Y, Chen X, Huang C, Lin Y, Huang Z, Zhang C, Huang Y, Li W, Zhang W. The role of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the pathogen detection of invasive osteoarticular infection. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 122:996-1001. [PMID: 35908720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyzed the pathogenic bacteria spectrum in invasive and primary osteoarticular infection (IOI and POI), and compared the pathogen detection rate of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and microbial culture in IOI and POI. METHODS The suspected POI and IOI cases from 2008 to 2021 were included. The diagnosis of POI or IOI were made by at least two orthopaedic surgeons, two infectious diseases specialist and one senior microbiologist. Demographic characteristics, microbial culture results and so on were recorded. The pathogenic bacteria spectrum in IOI and POI were analyzed and the ability of mNGS and microbial culture in pathogen detection in IOI and POI were compared. RESULTS There were 63 POI cases and 92 cases, the common pathogen in POI and IOI were both Staphylococcus aureus. There are more cases with negative microbial culture results and multiple infections in IOI, and many cases were caused by rare and fastidious bacteria. The introduction of the mNGS could significantly increase the pathogen detection rate to 92.39% in IOI, which was 8.69% higher than that of microbial culture (P=0.007), while the improvement in POI was limited to about 2%. CONCLUSIONS mNGS was an ideal tool for IOI pathogen detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Yuanqing Cai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Quanzhou First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Changyu Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Yiming Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Zida Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Chaofan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Wenbo Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Walsh RB, Mwingwa A, Yongolo NM, Biswaro SM, Mwanswila MJ, Kelly C, Mmbaga BT, Mosha F, Gray WK, McIntosh E, Walker RW. The spectrum and burden of in-patient paediatric musculoskeletal diseases in Northern Tanzania. Paediatr Int Child Health 2022; 42:12-21. [PMID: 35452362 PMCID: PMC9397128 DOI: 10.1080/20469047.2022.2062561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal diseases (MSD) are a major contributor to the global burden of disease and disability, and disproportionally affect low- and middle-income countries; however, there is a dearth of epidemiological data. Affected children often face increased morbidity, social isolation and economic hardship. AIM To assess the spectrum and burden of paediatric MSD in children aged 5-18 years admitted to a major referral hospital in Tanzania. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of children aged 5-18 years admitted to Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) whose initial diagnosis was recognised as a musculoskeletal condition by the International Classification of Diseases-10 between 1 January and 31 December 2017. RESULTS During 2017, 163 cases of confirmed paediatric MSD were admitted to KCMC, representing 21.2% of all admissions of children aged 5-18 years (n = 769). Bone disease was the most common diagnosis. They comprised 106 (65.0%) traumatic fractures, 31 (19.0%) osteo-articular infections, 9 (5.5%) malunions and 3 (1.8%) pathological fractures. Congenital defects and rheumatic disease were relatively uncommon, accounting for only 6 (3.7%) and 4 (2.5%) MSD admissions, respectively. CONCLUSION The majority of cases of MSD were related to fractures, followed by osteo-articular infections, while recognised cases of rheumatic disease were rare. The study, although small, identified the sizeable burden and spectrum of paediatric MSD admitted to a hospital in Tanzania over a 12-month period and highlights the need for larger studies to inform the optimal allocation of health resources. ABBREVIATION CI: confidence interval; HIC: high-income countries; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; ICD-10: International Classification of Diseases 10; IQR: interquartile range; JIA: juvenile idiopathic arthritis; KCMC: Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre; LMIC: low- and middle-income countries; MSD: musculoskeletal diseases: NAI: non-accidental injury; NIHR: National Institute for Health Research; PAFLAR: Paediatric Society of the African League Against Rheumatism; RTA: road traffic accidents; SCD: sickle cell disease; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; SSA: sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca B. Walsh
- Institute of Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK,CONTACT Rebecca B. Walsh
| | - Anthony Mwingwa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania,Department of Research, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Nateiya M. Yongolo
- Department of Research, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania,Department of Internal Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Sanjura M. Biswaro
- Department of Research, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania,Department of Internal Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Manasseh Joel Mwanswila
- Department of Health Management Systems, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Clive Kelly
- Institute of Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Blandina T. Mmbaga
- Department of Research, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Faith Mosha
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - William K. Gray
- Institute of Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Emma McIntosh
- Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Richard W. Walker
- Institute of Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Laurent E, Petit L, Maakaroun-Vermesse Z, Bernard L, Odent T, Grammatico-Guillon L. National epidemiological study reveals longer paediatric bone and joint infection stays for infants and in general hospitals. Acta Paediatr 2018; 107:1270-1275. [PMID: 28477437 DOI: 10.1111/apa.13909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Published studies have suggested that two to five days of intravenous treatment could effectively treat paediatric bone and joint infections (PBJI), allowing a faster discharge. This study analysed the factors associated with PBJI hospital stays lasting longer than five days using the French National Hospital Discharge Database. METHODS We selected children under 15 years hospitalised in 2013 with haematogenous PBJIs using a validated French algorithm based on specific diagnosis and surgical procedure codes. Risk factors for stays of more than five days were analysed using logistic regression. RESULTS In 2013, 2717 children were hospitalised for PBJI, with 49% staying more than five days. The overall incidence of 22 per 100 000, was highest in males and toddlers. The main causes were septic arthritis (50%) and osteomyelitis (46%) and 50% of the pathogens were Staphylococci. The odd ratios for stays of five days or more were infancy, coded bacteria and sickle cell disease (7.0), having spondylodiscitis rather than septic arthritis (2.2) and being hospitalised in a general hospital rather than a teaching hospital (1.6). CONCLUSION Half of the hospital stays exceeded five days, despite scientific evidence supporting a shorter intravenous antibiotherapy regimen. Greater knowledge and widespread use of short treatment regimens are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Laurent
- Epidemiology Unit; Teaching Hospital of Tours; Tours France
- Research Team EE1 EES; François Rabelais University; Tours France
| | - L Petit
- Epidemiology Unit; Teaching Hospital of Tours; Tours France
- Paediatric Unit; Teaching Hospital of Tours; Tours France
| | - Z Maakaroun-Vermesse
- Paediatric Unit; Teaching Hospital of Tours; Tours France
- Infectious Diseases Unit; Teaching Hospital of Tours; Tours France
| | - L Bernard
- Infectious Diseases Unit; Teaching Hospital of Tours; Tours France
- François Rabelais University; Tours France
| | - T Odent
- François Rabelais University; Tours France
- Paediatric Orthopaedic Unit; Teaching Hospital of Tours; Tours France
| | - L Grammatico-Guillon
- Epidemiology Unit; Teaching Hospital of Tours; Tours France
- François Rabelais University; Tours France
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Rajkumari N, Mathur P, Farooque K, Sharma V. Wound infection by Salmonella Typhi in a spinal injury patient without underlying osteomyelitis. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 33:453-4. [PMID: 26068359 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.158597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - P Mathur
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology Division, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Cabaret B, Couëc ML, Lorrot M, Launay E, Gras-Le Guen C. Infection ostéoarticulaire multifocale à Salmonella non typhi chez une enfant drépanocytaire. Arch Pediatr 2013; 20:398-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2013.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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