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Sadowska A, Osiński P, Roztocka A, Kaczmarz-Chojnacka K, Zapora E, Sawicka D, Car H. Statins-From Fungi to Pharmacy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:466. [PMID: 38203637 PMCID: PMC10779115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Statins have been used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia, both as monotherapy and in combination therapy. Natural fermentation processes of fungi such as Monascus spp., Penicillium spp., Aspergillus terreus, and Pleurotus ostreatus have given rise to natural statins. Compactin (mevastatin), the original naturally occurring statin, is the primary biotransformation substrate in the manufacturing process of marketed drugs. Statins are classified into natural, semi-synthetic derivatives of natural statins, and synthetic ones. Synthetic statins differ from natural statins in their structural composition, with the only common feature being the HMG-CoA-like moiety responsible for suppressing HMG-CoA reductase. Statins do not differ significantly regarding their pleiotropic and adverse effects, but their characteristics depend on their pharmacokinetic parameters and chemical properties. This paper focuses on describing the processes of obtaining natural statins, detailing the pharmacokinetics of available statins, divided into natural and synthetic, and indicating their pleiotropic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sadowska
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland; (D.S.); (H.C.)
| | - Patryk Osiński
- Student’s Pharmacological Club, Lazarski University, Świeradowska 43, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland; (P.O.); (A.R.); (K.K.-C.)
| | - Alicja Roztocka
- Student’s Pharmacological Club, Lazarski University, Świeradowska 43, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland; (P.O.); (A.R.); (K.K.-C.)
| | - Karolina Kaczmarz-Chojnacka
- Student’s Pharmacological Club, Lazarski University, Świeradowska 43, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland; (P.O.); (A.R.); (K.K.-C.)
| | - Ewa Zapora
- Department of Silviculture and Forest Use, Institute of Forest Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15351 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Diana Sawicka
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland; (D.S.); (H.C.)
| | - Halina Car
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland; (D.S.); (H.C.)
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2
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Romero-Cabrera JL, García-Ríos A, Sotos-Prieto M, Quintana-Navarro G, Alcalá-Díaz JF, Martín-Piedra L, Torres-Peña JD, Luque RM, Yubero-Serrano EM, Delgado-Lista J, Katsiki N, Kales SN, López-Miranda J, Pérez-Martínez P. Adherence to a Mediterranean lifestyle improves metabolic status in coronary heart disease patients: A prospective analysis from the CORDIOPREV study. J Intern Med 2022; 293:574-588. [PMID: 36585892 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES A Mediterranean lifestyle may prevent and mitigate cardiometabolic disorders. We explored whether adherence to a Mediterranean lifestyle was prospectively associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. METHODS The Coronary Diet Intervention with Olive Oil and Cardiovascular Prevention (CORDIOPREV) study was an interventional diet study to compare a Mediterranean diet with a low-fat diet, in 1002 CHD patients. The Mediterranean lifestyle (MEDLIFE) index was used to assess adherence to a MEDLIFE at baseline, and after 5 years, in 851 participants from the CORDIOPREV study. Subjects were classified as having high (>13 points), moderate (12-13 points), and low (<12 points) adherence to the MEDLIFE. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the association between MEDLIFE adherence and the risk of MetS development or reversal. RESULTS During the 5-year follow-up, CORDIOPREV participants with high adherence to MEDLIFE had a lower risk of MetS development (odds ratio [OR] 0.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19-0.75, p < 0.01) and a higher likelihood of reversing preexisting MetS (OR 2.08 CI 95% 1.11-3.91, p = 0.02) compared with participants in the low MEDLIFE adherence group. Each additional one-point increment in the MEDLIFE index was associated with a 24% lower risk of MetS development (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.64-0.90, p < 0.01) and a 21% higher likelihood of reversing preexisting MetS (OR 1.21 CI 95% 1.04-1.41, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that greater adherence to a MEDLIFE reduced the risk of subsequent MetS development and increased the likelihood of reversing preexisting MetS among patients with CHD at baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luis Romero-Cabrera
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Antonio García-Ríos
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Sotos-Prieto
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gracia Quintana-Navarro
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Alcalá-Díaz
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Martín-Piedra
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José David Torres-Peña
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Phisiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Elena María Yubero-Serrano
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Delgado-Lista
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece.,School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Stefanos N Kales
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Occupational Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance/Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - José López-Miranda
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Pérez-Martínez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBEROBN (CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Zhang C, Zhang N, Chen M, Wang H, Shi J, Wang B, Sun B, Wang C. Metabolomics Analysis of the Effect of Glutamic Acid on Monacolin K Synthesis in Monascus purpureus. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:610471. [PMID: 33391237 PMCID: PMC7773642 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.610471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Monacolin K is a secondary metabolite produced by Monascus with beneficial effects on health, including the ability to lower cholesterol. We previously showed that the yield of monacolin K was significantly improved when glutamic acid was added to the fermentation broth of Monascus purpureus M1. In this study, we analyzed M. purpureus in media with and without glutamic acid supplementation using a metabolomic profiling approach to identify key metabolites and metabolic pathway differences. A total of 817 differentially expressed metabolites were identified between the two fermentation broths on day 8 of fermentation. Pathway analysis of these metabolites using the KEGG database indicated overrepresentation of the citric acid cycle; biotin metabolism; and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolic pathways. Six differentially expressed metabolites were found to be related to the citric acid cycle. The effect of citric acid as an exogenous additive on the synthesis of monacolin K was examined. These results provide technical support and a theoretical basis for further studies of the metabolic regulatory mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of monacolin K and medium optimization, as well as genetic engineering of Monascus M1 for efficient monacolin K production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxue Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Haijiao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachen Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
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Alonso-Molero J, Prieto-Peña D, Mendoza G, Atienza-Mateo B, Corrales A, González-Gay MÁ, Llorca J. Misperception of the Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165954. [PMID: 32824469 PMCID: PMC7459763 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease and mortality is increased by rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, data on how RA patients perceive their own CV risk and their adherence to CV prevention factors are scarce. We conducted an observational study on 266 patients with RA to determine whether the perceived CV risk correlates to the objective CV risk, and if it influences their compliance with a Mediterranean diet and physical exercise. The objective CV risk was calculated according to the modified European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE). The perceived CV risk did not correlate to the objective CV risk. The correlation was even lower when carotid ultrasound was used. Notably, 64.62% of patients miscalculated their CV risk, with 43.08% underestimating it. Classic CV risk factors, carotid ultrasound markers and ESR and CRP showed significant correlation with the objective CV risk. However, only hypertension and RA disease features showed association with the perceived CV risk. Neither the objective CV risk nor the perceived CV risk were associated with the accomplishment of a Mediterranean diet or physical activity. In conclusion, RA patients tend to underestimate their actual CV risk, giving more importance to RA features than to classic CV risk factors. They are not concerned enough about the beneficial effects of physical activity or diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Alonso-Molero
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Cantabria—IDIVAL, ES-39008 Santander, Spain;
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Prieto-Peña
- Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, ES-39011 Santander, Spain; (D.P.-P.); (B.A.-M.); (A.C.)
| | - Guadalupe Mendoza
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Universidad de Colima, 28040 Guadalajara, Mexico;
| | - Belén Atienza-Mateo
- Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, ES-39011 Santander, Spain; (D.P.-P.); (B.A.-M.); (A.C.)
| | - Alfonso Corrales
- Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, ES-39011 Santander, Spain; (D.P.-P.); (B.A.-M.); (A.C.)
| | - Miguel Á. González-Gay
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Cantabria—IDIVAL, ES-39008 Santander, Spain;
- Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, ES-39011 Santander, Spain; (D.P.-P.); (B.A.-M.); (A.C.)
- Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Genomics Research Unit, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
- Facultad de Medicina, Avda., Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n., ES-39008 Santander, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.Á.G.-G.); (J.L.)
| | - Javier Llorca
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Cantabria—IDIVAL, ES-39008 Santander, Spain;
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Avda., Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n., ES-39008 Santander, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.Á.G.-G.); (J.L.)
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Gomez-Delgado F, Katsiki N, Lopez-Miranda J, Perez-Martinez P. Dietary habits, lipoprotein metabolism and cardiovascular disease: From individual foods to dietary patterns. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1651-1669. [PMID: 32515660 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1764487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the first cause of mortality in Western countries. Among cardiometabolic risk factors, dyslipidemia, and especially high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations, have been extensively linked to the development and progression of atherosclerosis and to CVD events. Recent evidence has shown that the prevention of unhealthy dietary habits and sedentarism is crucial in the management of dyslipidemia. In this sense, a number of scientific societies recommend the adherence to certain healthy dietary patterns (DPs), such as the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), the Portfolio diet, the Vegetarian diet, the Nordic diet and low-carbohydrate diets, as well as increased physical activity between others. This nutritional and lifestyle advice could be adopted by government bodies and implemented in different health programs as a reliable way of providing health-care professionals with efficient tools to manage cardiometabolic risk factors and thus, prevent CVD. In this narrative review, we will discuss recent data about the effects of nutrition on dyslipidemia, mainly focusing on high LDL-C concentrations and other lipid particles related to atherogenic dyslipidemia such as triglycerides (TG) and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), that are related to CVD. On the other hand, we also comment on other cardiometabolic risk factors such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), high blood pressure (HBP), inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. This review includes food groups as well as different healthy DPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Gomez-Delgado
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Niki Katsiki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Jose Lopez-Miranda
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Perez-Martinez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Companys J, Pedret A, Valls RM, Solà R, Pascual V. Fermented dairy foods rich in probiotics and cardiometabolic risk factors: a narrative review from prospective cohort studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1966-1975. [PMID: 32436399 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1768045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Probiotic foods, including fermented dairy (FD) products such as yogurt and cheese, naturally contain live microorganisms, but the relationship between the consumption of probiotic foods and health is unclear. The aim of the present narrative review is to integrate the available information on the relationship between the most studied FD products, which are yogurt and cheese, and cardiometabolic risk factors obtained from meta-analysis, systematic reviews of prospective cohort studies (PCSs) and PCSs published up to 2 November 2019. Additionally, the effects identified by randomized controlled trials of less-studied FD products, such as kefir and kimchi, on cardiometabolic risk factors are provided. PCSs have shown that the consumption of cheese, despite its high saturated fat content, is not associated with expected hypercholesterolemia and an increased cardiovascular risk. PCSs have revealed that the total consumption of FD appears to be associated with a lower risk of developing stroke and cardiovascular disease. The consumption of yogurt seems to be associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. There is a lack of sufficient evidence of a protective relationship between FD or cheese consumption and metabolic syndrome. Moreover, the association of FD, cheese and yogurt with hypertension needs further evidence. In conclusion, the intake of fermented foods containing probiotics, particularly yogurt and cheese (of an undetermined type), opens up new opportunities for the management of cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Companys
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain.,Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Anna Pedret
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain.,Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Rosa M Valls
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain.,Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Rosa Solà
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain.,Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Group (NFOC-SALUT), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Vicente Pascual
- Centro de Salud Palleter, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Castellón, Spain
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Nutrition, Health, and Disease: Role of Selected Marine and Vegetal Nutraceuticals. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030747. [PMID: 32168971 PMCID: PMC7146393 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The investigation of new alternatives for disease prevention through the application of findings from dietary and food biotechnology is an ongoing challenge for the scientific community. New nutritional trends and the need to meet social and health demands have inspired the concept of functional foods and nutraceuticals which, in addition to their overall nutritional value, present certain properties for the maintenance of health. However, these effects are not universal. Nutrigenetics describes how the genetic profile has an impact on the response of the body to bioactive food components by influencing their absorption, metabolism, and site of action. The EbioSea Program, for biomarine prospection, and the Blue Butterfly Program, for the screening of vegetable-derived bioproducts, have identified a new series of nutraceuticals, devoid of side effects at conventional doses, with genotype-dependent preventive and therapeutic activity. Nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics provide the opportunity to explore the inter-individual differences in the metabolism of and response to nutrients, achieving optimal results. This fact leads to the concept of personalized nutrition as opposed to public health nutrition. Consequently, the development and prescription of nutraceuticals according to the individual genetic profile is essential to improve their effectiveness in the prevention and natural treatment of prevalent diseases.
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Xiong Z, Cao X, Wen Q, Chen Z, Cheng Z, Huang X, Zhang Y, Long C, Zhang Y, Huang Z. An overview of the bioactivity of monacolin K / lovastatin. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110585. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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