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Jeong HW, Yoo HJ, Park SY, Lee YS. Clinical Relevance of Posterior Osteophyte Formation in Ultra-congruent Total Knee Arthroplasty: Midterm Radiographic Rollback and Impingement Analysis. Clin Orthop Surg 2024; 16:413-421. [PMID: 38827750 PMCID: PMC11130627 DOI: 10.4055/cios23061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Posterior femoral condylar osteophytes were frequently observed in patients with the ultra-congruent (UC) deep-dish design prosthesis. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to verify the clinical relevance of osteophyte formation in the UC design. Methods From March 2014 to February 2018, a comparative study was conducted on 96 knees using the UC design. They were divided into 2 groups (group 1: osteophyte +, group 2: osteophyte -). Intraoperative findings, indirect femoral rollback assessment using 30° flexion and active full flexion lateral radiographs, serial change of the osteophyte, and outcomes were compared. Results The mean follow-up period was 49.35 ± 3.47 months in group 1 and 47.52 ± 3.37 months in group 2. Posterior component coverage was significantly different between the groups: group 1 exhibited more underhang and group 2 exhibited more overhang (p = 0.022). On the indirect assessment of the femoral rollback, there was a statistically significant difference in deep flexion and change in distance (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). There was no statistical difference between the 2 groups in the American Knee Society knee and function score, and group 2 showed significant improvement in pain compared to group 1 in Western Ontario and McMaster University Arthritis Index pain score (p = 0.029). Conclusions Posterior condylar osteophyte formation was related to posterior impingement. It was more frequently observed in the underhang of the femoral component and insufficient femoral rollback. In addition, it changed with time and caused negative effects, including a gradual decrease in flexion and more pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Won Jeong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Yoo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seong Yun Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yong Seuk Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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Yamawaki Y, Kuriyama S, Watanabe M, Nakamura S, Ohkoshi Y, Matsuda S. Internal Rotation, Varus, and Anterior Femoral Component Malalignments Adversely Affect Patellofemoral Joint Kinematics in Patellofemoral Arthroplasty. Arthroplast Today 2023; 21:101124. [PMID: 37012933 PMCID: PMC10066524 DOI: 10.1016/j.artd.2023.101124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA) is reported to provide nearly normal PF joint kinematics but only with adequate surgical techniques. This study evaluated the effects of various femoral component settings on patellar component biomechanics. Methods A dynamic musculoskeletal computer simulation analyzed normal knee and standard PFA models, as well as 8 femoral component malposition models: 5° internal or external rotation, 5° valgus or varus, 5° extension or flexion, and 3-mm or 5-mm anterior positioning. Mediolateral patellar translation, lateral patellar tilt, and contact force and stress at the PF joint were measured in each model during gait. Results The patella in the standard PFA model was shifted up to 5.0 mm laterally near heel off and was tilted up to 3.0° laterally at heel strike compared to the normal knee model. The patella in the external rotation model translated more laterally in the direction of the femoral component setting than in the standard model. However, in the internal rotation and varus alignment models, the patellar lateral shift occurred largely in the opposite direction of the femoral component setting. The patella in most models was tilted in the same direction as the femoral component setting. The PF contact force was increased, especially in the anterior femoral position models, by up to 30 MPa compared with 20 MPa in the standard model. Conclusions Internal rotation, varus, and anterior femoral component settings during PFA should be avoided to reduce postoperative complications, whereas external rotation might be appropriate only for cases with lateral patellar instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yamawaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Corresponding author. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. Tel.: +81 75 751 3366.
| | - Mutsumi Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tamatsukuri Hospital, Shimane, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Ohkoshi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hakodate Orthopaedic Clinic, Hakodate, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Mizu-Uchi H, Ma Y, Ishibashi S, Colwell CW, Nakashima Y, D'Lima DD. Tibial sagittal and rotational alignment reduce patellofemoral stresses in posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12319. [PMID: 35854017 PMCID: PMC9296446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15759-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Patellofemoral joint complications remain an important issue in total knee arthroplasty. We compared the patellofemoral contact status between cruciate-retaining and posterior-stabilized designs with varying degrees of tibial sagittal and rotational alignment using a computer simulation to ensure proper alignments in total knee arthroplasty. Knee kinematics, patellofemoral contact force and quadriceps force were computed using a musculoskeletal modeling program (LifeMOD/KneeSIM 2010; LifeModeler, Inc., San Clemente, California) during a weight-bearing deep knee bend. Two different posterior tibial slope (PTS)s (3° and 7°) and five different tibial tray rotational alignments (neutral, internal 5° and 10°, and external 5° and 10°) were simulated. Patellofemoral contact area and stresses were next computed using finite element analysis. The patellofemoral contact force for the posterior-stabilized design was substantially lower than the cruciate-retaining design after post-cam contact because of increasing femoral roll-back. Neutral rotational alignment of the tibial component resulted in smaller differences in patellofemoral contact stresses between cruciate-retaining and posterior-stabilized designs for PTSs of 3° or 7°. However, the patellar contact stresses in the cruciate-retaining design were greater than those in posterior-stabilized design at 120° of knee flexion with PTS of 3° combined with internal rotation of the tibial component. Our study provides biomechanical evidence implicating lower PTSs combined with internal malrotation of the tibial component and the resultant increase in patellofemoral stresses as a potential source of anterior knee pain in cruciate-retaining design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Mizu-Uchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital, 1-3-46, Tenjin, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka, 810-0001, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shojiro Ishibashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital, 1-3-46, Tenjin, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka, 810-0001, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Clifford W Colwell
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, MS126, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Yasuharu Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Darryl D D'Lima
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, MS126, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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Hada M, Mizu-Uchi H, Okazaki K, Murakami K, Kaneko T, Higaki H, Nakashima Y. Posterior tibial slope and anterior post-cam contact can change knee kinematics in extension in bi-cruciate stabilized total knee arthroplasty. Bone Joint Res 2020; 9:761-767. [PMID: 33135422 PMCID: PMC7649504 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.911.bjr-2020-0076.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study aims to investigate the effects of posterior tibial slope (PTS) on knee kinematics involved in the post-cam mechanism in bi-cruciate stabilized (BCS) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using computer simulation. Methods In total, 11 different PTS (0° to 10°) values were simulated to evaluate the effect of PTS on anterior post-cam contact conditions and knee kinematics in BCS TKA during weight-bearing stair climbing (from 86° to 6° of knee flexion). Knee kinematics were expressed as the lowest points of the medial and lateral femoral condyles on the surface of the tibial insert, and the anteroposterior translation of the femoral component relative to the tibial insert. Results Anterior post-cam contact in BCS TKA was observed with the knee near full extension if PTS was 6° or more. BCS TKA showed a bicondylar roll forward movement from 86° to mid-flexion, and two different patterns from mid-flexion to knee extension: screw home movement without anterior post-cam contact and bicondylar roll forward movement after anterior post-cam contact. Knee kinematics in the simulation showed similar trends to the clinical in vivo data and were almost within the range of inter-specimen variability. Conclusion Postoperative knee kinematics in BCS TKA differed according to PTS and anterior post-cam contact; in particular, anterior post-cam contact changed knee kinematics, which may affect the patient’s perception of the knee during activities. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(11):761–767.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Hada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Mizu-Uchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ken Okazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Murakami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takao Kaneko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Higaki
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Life Science, Kyushu Sangyo University, Fukuoka, Japan
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5
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Hada M, Mizu-Uchi H, Okazaki K, Kaneko T, Murakami K, Ma Y, Hamai S, Nakashima Y. Bi-cruciate stabilized total knee arthroplasty can reduce the risk of knee instability associated with posterior tibial slope. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018; 26:1709-1716. [PMID: 28940016 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-017-4718-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between posterior tibial slope and knee kinematics in bi-cruciate stabilized (BCS) total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which has not been previously reported. METHODS This computer simulation study evaluated Journey 2 BCS components (Smith & Nephew, Inc., Memphis, TN, USA) implanted in a female patient to simulate weight-bearing stair climbing. Knee kinematics, patellofemoral contact forces, and quadriceps forces during stair climbing (from 86° to 6° of flexion) were computed in the simulation. Six different posterior tibial slope angles (0°-10°) were simulated to evaluate the effect of posterior tibial slope on knee kinematics and forces. RESULTS At 65° of knee flexion, no anterior sliding of the tibial component occurred if the posterior tibial slope was less than 10°. Anterior contact between the anterior aspect of the tibial post- and the femoral component was observed if the posterior tibial slope was 6° or more. An increase of 10° in posterior tibial slope (relative to 0°) led to a 4.8% decrease in maximum patellofemoral contact force and a 1.2% decrease in maximum quadriceps force. CONCLUSION BCS TKA has a wide acceptable range of posterior tibial slope for avoiding knee instability if the posterior tibial slope is less than 10°. Surgeons should prioritize avoiding adverse effects over trying to achieve positive effects such as decreasing patellofemoral contact force and quadriceps force by increasing posterior tibial slope. Our study helps surgeons determine the optimal posterior tibial slope during surgery with BCS TKA; posterior tibial slope should not exceed 10° in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Hada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine, 2-17-6 Ohashi, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8515, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideki Mizu-Uchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Ken Okazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Takao Kaneko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine, 2-17-6 Ohashi, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8515, Japan
| | - Koji Murakami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hamai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Three-dimensional analysis of accuracy of patient-matched instrumentation in total knee arthroplasty: Evaluation of intraoperative techniques and postoperative alignment. J Orthop Sci 2017; 22:1077-1083. [PMID: 28888738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is questionable that the accuracies of patient-matched instrumentation (PMI) have been controversial, even though many surgeons follow manufacturers' recommendations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of intraoperative procedures and the postoperative alignment of the femoral side using PMI with 3-dimensional (3D) analysis. METHODS Eighteen knees that underwent total knee arthroplasty using MRI-based PMI were assessed. Intraoperative alignment and bone resection errors of the femoral side were evaluated with a CT-based navigation system. A conventional adjustable guide was used to compare cartilage data with that derived by PMI intraoperatively. Postoperative alignment was assessed using a 3D coordinate system with a computer-assisted design software. We also measured the postoperative alignments using conventional alignment guides with the 3D evaluation. RESULTS Intraoperative coronal alignment with PMI was 90.9° ± 1.6°. Seventeen knees (94.4%) were within 3° of the optimal alignment. Intraoperative rotational alignment of the femoral guide position of PMI was 0.2° ± 1.6°compared with the adjustable guide, with 17 knees (94.4%) differing by 3° or less between the two methods. Maximum differences in coronal and rotation alignment before and after bone cutting were 2.0° and 2.8°, respectively. Postoperative coronal and rotational alignments were 89.4° ± 1.8° and -1.1° ± 1.3°, respectively. In both alignments, 94.4% of cases were within 3° of the optimal value. The PMI group had less outliers than conventional group in rotational alignment (p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS Our 3D analysis provided evidence that PMI system resulted in reasonably satisfactory alignments both intraoperatively and postoperatively. Surgeons should be aware that certain surgical techniques including bone cutting, and the associated errors may affect postoperative alignment despite accurate PMI positioning.
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7
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Matziolis G, Brodt S, Windisch C, Roehner E. Changes of posterior condylar offset results in midflexion instability in single-radius total knee arthroplasty. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2017; 137:713-717. [PMID: 28299431 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-017-2671-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is no algorithm for the management of joint stability in midflexion up to now. Change in the joint line (JL) is considered to be the primary cause, although it only determines the extension gap. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the posterior condylar offsets (PCO), which defines the flexion gap, on midflexion instability. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two knee joints (38 patients) were included in this study, patients undergoing navigated total knee arthroplasty due to primary osteoarthritis of the knee. Changes in the JL and the PCO were determined from the navigation data. A gap tensioning device was used to determine the width of the joint gap at -5°, 0°, 30° and 60° intraoperatively. RESULTS Within a range between 5 mm proximalization and 2 mm distalization, the JL had no influence on stability in midflexion. In contrast to this, both an increase and a decrease in PCO led to midflexion instability (R = 0.361, p = 0.019). In 16 cases (38%), the PCO was changed by more than 2 mm. This led to a midflexion instability of more than 2 mm in seven of these cases (44%). CONCLUSIONS Whereas the joint line can be displaced by up to 5 mm without measurable changes in joint stability, reconstruction of the posterior offset within a tight range of 2 mm is necessary to avoid midflexion instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Matziolis
- Orthopedic Department, Friedrich-Schiller University, Campus Eisenberg, Jena, Germany. .,Orthopedic Department, University Hospital Jena, Campus Eisenberg, Klosterlausnitzer Straße 81, 07607, Eisenberg, Germany.
| | - Steffen Brodt
- Orthopedic Department, Friedrich-Schiller University, Campus Eisenberg, Jena, Germany.,Orthopedic Department, University Hospital Jena, Campus Eisenberg, Klosterlausnitzer Straße 81, 07607, Eisenberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Windisch
- Orthopedic Department, Friedrich-Schiller University, Campus Eisenberg, Jena, Germany.,Orthopedic Department, University Hospital Jena, Campus Eisenberg, Klosterlausnitzer Straße 81, 07607, Eisenberg, Germany
| | - Eric Roehner
- Orthopedic Department, Friedrich-Schiller University, Campus Eisenberg, Jena, Germany.,Orthopedic Department, University Hospital Jena, Campus Eisenberg, Klosterlausnitzer Straße 81, 07607, Eisenberg, Germany
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8
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Ushio T, Mizu-Uchi H, Okazaki K, Ma Y, Kuwashima U, Iwamoto Y. The Anteroposterior Axis of the Proximal Tibia Can Change After Tibial Resection in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Computer Simulation Using Asian Osteoarthritis Knees. J Arthroplasty 2017; 32:1006-1012. [PMID: 27776906 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the effect of cutting surface on the anteroposterior (AP) axis of the proximal tibia using a 3-dimensional (3D) bone model to ensure proper tibial rotational alignment in total knee arthroplasty. METHODS 3D bone models were reconstructed from the preoperative computed tomography data of 93 Japanese osteoarthritis knees with varus deformity. The AP axis was defined as the perpendicular bisector of the medial and lateral condylar centers in a 3D coordinate system. Bone cutting of the proximal tibia was performed with various tibial posterior slopes (0°, 3°, 7°) to the mechanical axis, and we compared the AP axes before and after bone cutting. RESULTS The AP axis before bone cutting crossed a point at about 16% (one-sixth) of the distance from the medial edge of the patellar tendon at its tibial attachment. The AP axis after bone cutting was significantly internally rotated at all posterior slopes: 4.1° at slope 0°, 3.0° at slope 3°, and 2.1° at slope 7°. The percentages of cases with differences of more than 3° or 5° were 66.7% and 34.4% at slope 0°, 53.8% and 24.7% at slope 3°, and 38.3% and 11.8% at slope 7°, respectively. CONCLUSION The AP axis of the proximal tibia may be rotated internally after resection of the proximal tibia in total knee arthroplasty. Hence, surgeons should recognize the effect of changes in the cutting surface on rotational alignment of the proximal tibia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Ushio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideki Mizu-Uchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ken Okazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Umito Kuwashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukihide Iwamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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9
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No condylar lift-off occurs because of excessive lateral soft tissue laxity in neutrally aligned total knee arthroplasty: a computer simulation study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2016; 24:2517-24. [PMID: 26142165 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-015-3687-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Condylar lift-off can induce excessive polyethylene wear after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). A computer simulation was used to evaluate the influence of femoral varus alignment and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) laxity on lift-off after single-design TKA. It was hypothesised that proper ligament balancing and coronal alignment would prevent lift-off. METHODS The computer model in this study is a dynamic musculoskeletal program that simulates gait up to 60° of knee flexion. The lift-off phenomenon was defined as positive with an intercomponent distance of >2 mm. In neutrally aligned components in the coronal plane, the femoral and tibial components were set perpendicular to the femoral and tibial mechanical axis, respectively. The femoral coronal alignment was changed from neutral to 5° varus in 1° increments. Simultaneously, the LCL length was elongated from 0 to 5 mm in 1-mm increments to provide a model of pathological slack. RESULTS Within 2° of femoral varus alignment, lift-off did not occur even if the LCL was elongated by up to 5 mm. However, lift-off occurred easily in the stance phase in femoral varus alignments of >3° with slight LCL slack. The contact forces of the tibiofemoral joint were influenced more by femoral varus alignment than by LCL laxity. CONCLUSIONS Aiming for neutral alignment in severely varus knees makes it difficult to achieve appropriate ligament balance. Our study suggests that no lift-off occurs with excessive LCL laxity alone in a neutrally aligned TKA and therefore that varus alignment should be avoided to decrease lift-off after TKA. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Case series, Level IV.
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Matsuda S, Ito H. Ligament balancing in total knee arthroplasty-Medial stabilizing technique. ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE ARTHROSCOPY REHABILITATION AND TECHNOLOGY 2015; 2:108-113. [PMID: 29264249 PMCID: PMC5730662 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmart.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Ligament balancing is one of the most important surgical techniques for successful total knee arthroplasty. It has traditionally been recommended that medial and lateral as well as flexion and extension gaps are equal. This article reviews the relevant literature and discusses the clinical importance of the aforementioned gaps. Current evidence indicates that achieving medial stability throughout the range of motion should be a high priority in ligament balancing in total knee arthroplasty. Finally, the medial stabilising surgical technique, which aims to achieve good medial stability in posterior cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty, is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromu Ito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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11
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Okamoto S, Mizu-uchi H, Okazaki K, Hamai S, Nakahara H, Iwamoto Y. Effect of Tibial Posterior Slope on Knee Kinematics, Quadriceps Force, and Patellofemoral Contact Force After Posterior-Stabilized Total Knee Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2015; 30:1439-43. [PMID: 25791671 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2015.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We used a musculoskeletal model validated with in vivo data to evaluate the effect of tibial posterior slope on knee kinematics, quadriceps force, and patellofemoral contact force after posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty. The maximum quadriceps force and patellofemoral contact force decreased with increasing posterior slope. Anterior sliding of the tibial component and anterior impingement of the anterior aspect of the tibial post were observed with tibial posterior slopes of at least 5° and 10°, respectively. Increased tibial posterior slope contributes to improved exercise efficiency during knee extension, however excessive tibial posterior slope should be avoided to prevent knee instability. Based on our computer simulation we recommend tibial posterior slopes of less than 5° in posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigetoshi Okamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideki Mizu-uchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ken Okazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hamai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakahara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukihide Iwamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Kinematic alignment produces near-normal knee motion but increases contact stress after total knee arthroplasty: A case study on a single implant design. Knee 2015; 22:206-12. [PMID: 25813759 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2015.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is of increasing interest because this method might improve postoperative patient satisfaction. In kinematic alignment the femoral component is implanted in a slightly more valgus and internally rotated position, and the tibial component is implanted in a slightly more varus and internally rotated position, than in mechanical alignment. However, the biomechanics of kinematically aligned TKA remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the kinematics and contact stresses of mechanically and kinematically aligned TKAs. METHODS A musculoskeletal computer simulation was used to determine the effects of mechanically or kinematically aligned TKA. Knee kinematics were examined for mechanically aligned, kinematically aligned, and kinematically aligned outlier models. Patellofemoral and tibiofemoral contact forces were measured using finite element analysis. RESULTS Greater femoral rollback and more external rotation of the femoral component were observed with kinematically aligned TKA than mechanically aligned TKA. However, patellofemoral and tibiofemoral contact stresses were increased in kinematically aligned TKA. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that kinematically aligned TKA produces near-normal knee kinematics, but that concerns for long-term outcome might arise because of high contact stresses.
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Mizu-uchi H, Colwell CW, Flores-Hernandez C, Fregly BJ, Matsuda S, D’Lima DD. Patient-specific computer model of dynamic squatting after total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2015; 30:870-4. [PMID: 25662671 PMCID: PMC4426034 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Knee forces are highly relevant to performance after total knee arthroplasty especially during high flexion activities such as squatting. We constructed subject-specific models of two patients implanted with instrumented knee prostheses that measured knee forces in vivo. In vivo peak forces ranged from 2.2 to 2.3 times bodyweight but peaked at different flexion angles based on the type of squatting activity. Our model predicted tibiofemoral contact force with reasonable accuracy in both subjects. This model can be a very useful tool to predict the effect of surgical techniques and component alignment on contact forces. In addition, this model could be used for implant design development, to enhance knee function, to predict forces generated during other activities, and for predicting clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Mizu-uchi
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, Scripps Health, La Jolla, CA,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Clifford W. Colwell
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, Scripps Health, La Jolla, CA
| | - Cesar Flores-Hernandez
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, Scripps Health, La Jolla, CA
| | - Benjamin J. Fregly
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Darryl D. D’Lima
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, Scripps Health, La Jolla, CA
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