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Heinz T, Vasilev H, Anderson PM, Stratos I, Jakuscheit A, Horas K, Holzapfel BM, Rudert M, Weißenberger M. Functional Outcome after Direct Anterior Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty (DAA-THA) for Coxa Profunda and Protrusio Acetabuli-A Retrospective Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4596. [PMID: 39200738 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The direct anterior approach (DAA) is a recognized technique for total hip arthroplasty (THA) that spares soft tissue. Functional and clinical outcomes following THA via the DAA in patients with complex acetabular deformities, specifically coxa profunda (CP) and protrusio acetabuli (PA), have yet to be determined. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 188 primary THA cases, including 100 CP hips and 88 PA hips, performed via the DAA. Functional and clinical outcomes were evaluated by means of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and Harris Hip Score (HHS) preoperatively and at a mean follow-up of 46 ± 14 months. Furthermore, potential complications were assessed. Results: From the preoperative to the latest postoperative visit, a significant improvement in the WOMAC total score was observed (CP: -34.89 ± 20.66; PA: -40.38 ± 21.11). The length of stay (LOS) was the only parameter predictive of the postoperative WOMAC total score, with each day of LOS increasing the postoperative WOMAC by a mean of 1.77 points (p < 0.01). The HHS improved by 38.37 ± 14.23 (PA-group) and 32.79 ± 14.89 points (CP-group). No significant difference in the patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) between the CP- and PA-group was found. The survival rate for any revision was 97.70% (PA-group) and 92.80% (CP-group). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the minimally invasive DAA was not predictive of the functional and clinical outcome following DAA-THA in patients with CP and PA. Improvements in the mean WOMAC and HHS scores were above or within the reported MCID. Additionally, revision rates were well below those reported in the literature for short and intermediate follow-up periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tizian Heinz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Brettreichstr 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Hristo Vasilev
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Brettreichstr 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Philip Mark Anderson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Brettreichstr 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Ioannis Stratos
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Brettreichstr 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Axel Jakuscheit
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Brettreichstr 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Horas
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Brettreichstr 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Boris Michael Holzapfel
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center, Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Rudert
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Brettreichstr 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Weißenberger
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Brettreichstr 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
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McCormick KL, Mastroianni MA, Kolodychuk NL, Herndon CL, Shah RP, Cooper HJ, Sarpong NO. Complications and Survivorship After Aseptic Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty: Is There a Difference by Surgical Approach? J Arthroplasty 2024:S0883-5403(24)00651-X. [PMID: 38936438 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2024.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA) has traditionally been performed through the posterolateral approach (PA). Anterior approaches (AA) for rTHA are increasingly being utilized. The purpose of this study was to compare complications and survivorship from re-revision and reoperation after aseptic rTHA performed using an AA versus a PA. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent aseptic rTHA either through an AA (direct anterior approach [DAA], anterior-based muscle sparing [ABMS]) or PA from January 2017 to December 2021. There were 116 patients who underwent AA-rTHA (DAA 50, ABMS 66) or PA-rTHA (n = 105). Patient demographics, complications, and postoperative outcomes were collected. RESULTS The most common indication in both groups was aseptic loosening (n = 26, 22.4% AA, n = 28, 26.7% PA). Acetabular revision alone was most common in the AA group (n = 33, 28.4%), while both components were most commonly revised in the PA groups (n = 47, 44.8%). In all the AA-rTHA group, the index total hip arthroplasty was performed through a PA in 51% of patients, while the PA-rTHA group had the index procedure performed via AA in 4.8%. There was no statistically significant difference in re-revision rate between the DAA, ABMS, or PA groups (9.55 versus 5.3% versus 11.4%, respectively, P = .11). The most common overall reason for re-revision was persistent instability, with no difference in incidence of postoperative hip dislocation (n = 4, 6.8% DAA, n = 3, 5.3%, n = 10, 9.5% PA; P = .31). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates no difference in complication or re-revision survivorship after aseptic rTHA performed through a DAA, ABMS approach, or PA, nor between anterior or posterior-based approaches. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle L McCormick
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael A Mastroianni
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Nicholas L Kolodychuk
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Carl L Herndon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Roshan P Shah
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - H John Cooper
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Nana O Sarpong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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Tarabichi S, Baker CM, Lizcano JD, Abe EA, Goh GS, Courtney PM. Porous Metal Augments Have Comparable Outcomes to Other Constructs for Severe Acetabular Bone Loss at Mid-Term Follow-up. J Arthroplasty 2024:S0883-5403(24)00574-6. [PMID: 38844248 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2024.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetabular reconstruction options in the setting of severe bone loss remain limited, with few comparative studies published to date. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) for severe bone loss using porous metal augments to cup cage and triflange prostheses. METHODS We reviewed a consecutive series of 180 patients who had Paprosky 3A or 3B acetabular defects and underwent revision THA. Patients treated with porous augments (n = 141) were compared with those who received cup cages or triflange constructs (n = 39). Failure of the acetabular construct was defined as undergoing acetabular revision surgery or radiographic evidence of loosening. RESULTS There was no difference in acetabular component survivorship in patients undergoing revision THA with porous augments or a cage or triflange prosthesis (92.2 versus 87.2%, P = .470) at a mean follow-up of 6.6 ± 3.4 years. Overall, survivorship free from any revision surgery was comparable between the 2 groups (78.7 versus 79.5%, P = .720). There was also no difference in dislocation (5.7 versus 10.3%, P = .309) or periprosthetic joint infection rates (7.8 versus 10.3%, P = .623). In a subgroup analysis of patients who had pelvic discontinuity (n = 47), survivorship free from any revision surgery was comparable between the 2 groups (79.5 versus 72.2%, P = .543). CONCLUSIONS Porous metal augments in the setting of severe acetabular bone loss demonstrated excellent survivorship at intermediate-term (mean 6.6 years follow-up, even in cases of pelvic discontinuity, with comparable outcomes to cup cages and triflanges. Instability and infection remain major causes of failure in this patient population, and long-term follow-up is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Tarabichi
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Colin M Baker
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Juan D Lizcano
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elizabeth A Abe
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Graham S Goh
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - P Maxwell Courtney
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Viamont-Guerra MR, Ramos-Pascual S, Saffarini M, Laude F. Satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcomes following revision total hip arthroplasty by direct anterior approach using primary femoral stems at 2-8 years of follow-up. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2023; 143:6393-6402. [PMID: 36935414 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-023-04838-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To report clinical and radiographic outcomes of revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) through the direct anterior approach (DAA) using primary stems. MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors assessed a consecutive series of revision THAs operated by DAA using primary (cemented and uncemented) stems between 1/1/2010 and 30/06/2017. The initial cohort comprised 47 patients (50 hips), aged 65 ± 10 years with BMI of 25 ± 4 kg/m2. Clinical assessment included modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and satisfaction with surgery. Radiographic assessment included radiolucent lines > 2 mm, bone remodelling, cortical hypertrophy, pedestal formation, and osteolysis. Linear regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Of the 50 hips (47 patients) in the initial cohort, intraoperative complications that did not require re-revision occurred in 5 hips. At a follow-up of > 2 years: 5 hips (10%) were lost to follow-up and 3 hips (6%) required stem re-revision, leaving a final cohort of 42 hips (40 patients). Postoperative complications that did not require re-revision occurred in 4 hips (8%). At 4.3 ± 1.6 years, post-revision mHHS was 89 ± 14 (range 47-100) and 38 patients were satisfied or very satisfied with revision surgery. Bone remodelling was observed in 8 hips (16%), cortical hypertrophy in 6 hips (12%), grade I heterotopic ossification in 7 hips (14%), and grade II in 1 hip (2%). There were no cases of radiolucent lines, pedestal formation, or osteolysis. Regression analyses revealed that post-revision mHHS was not associated with any variable. CONCLUSIONS Revision THA performed through the DAA using primary stems grants satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcomes at a minimum follow-up of two years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Roxana Viamont-Guerra
- Clinique du Sport, Ramsay Santé, 36 Boulevard Saint-Marcel, 75005, Paris, France
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627, Morumbi, São Paulo, SP, 05652-000, Brazil
| | | | - Mo Saffarini
- ReSurg SA, Rue Saint-Jean 22, 1260, Nyon, Switzerland.
| | - Frederic Laude
- Clinique du Sport, Ramsay Santé, 36 Boulevard Saint-Marcel, 75005, Paris, France
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Xu Z, Li Z, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang M, Zhang Y. Extra-articular Blocking Technique to Resolve Severe Acetabular Bone Defect in Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip. Orthop Surg 2023; 15:1187-1195. [PMID: 36846951 PMCID: PMC10102295 DOI: 10.1111/os.13688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The reconstruction of acetabular bone defect in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a great challenge. Although several successful solutions have been raised, their efficacy and reliability have not been fully substantiated. This work aims to present a simple, economic and effective acetabular reconstructive technique to resolve the massive acetabular bone defect in DDH scenario. METHODS This is a case series and observational study investigating the effectiveness and safety of extra-articular blocking technique in patients diagnosed as DDH of Crowe type II-III and Hartofilakidis B. Sixteen consecutive patients indicated for extra-articular blocking and treated with total hip arthroplasty were enrolled in this series from January 2019 to August 2020. The outcome measures included the surgical indicators such as acetabular coverage, prosthesis position, operational time, medical cost, and short-term follow-up indicators such as complications profile, patient-reported functional scales, overall recovery after surgery, and radiographic bone integration and remodeling. Their medical documentation and follow-up records were carefully reviewed with ethical approval. RESULTS The mean values of postoperative acetabular component inclination and anteversion were 42.3° ± 2.1° and 16.4° ± 1.8°, with an average acetabular coverage of 92.1%. The mean cost reduction for patients treated with this technique compared with those treated with trabecular metal augmentation was 15.3%. The mean time until walking under full-weight bearing decreased by 3.5 weeks compared with patients treated with autologous bone grafting. Within an average observational period of 18 months, the mean improvements in Harris hip score and WOMAC score were 31 and 22 points, respectively, which were identical to those with bone graft and metal augmentation techniques. No complications such as dislocation, acetabular loosening, periprosthetic joint infection, and limb length discrepancy were recorded. No signs of translucent line formation, third-party reaction, and wear-associated osteolysis were identified. CONCLUSION The extra-articular blocking can work simply and effectively to address acetabular bone defect in DDH patients of Crowe II-III and Hartofilakidis B, as evidenced by cost-effectiveness and instant weight-bearing advantages, low failure rate, and early osteointegration and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Xu
- Joint Disease & Sport Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziqiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Linshui, Guang'an, China
| | - Jie Li
- Joint Disease & Sport Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiling Zhang
- Department of Technology, Longwood Valley MedTech, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Joint Disease & Sport Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Joint Disease & Sport Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Kahhaleh E, Charles T, Collard X, Jayankura M. A low dislocation rate after revision total hip arthroplasty performed through the anterior approach. ARTHROPLASTY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 5:4. [PMID: 36600292 PMCID: PMC9814313 DOI: 10.1186/s42836-022-00159-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dislocation is a major complication in revision total hip arthroplasties. This study aimed to evaluate the dislocation rate, complications, and functional scores of revision total hip arthroplasty performed through the direct anterior approach. METHODS Between January 2014 and March 2020, 84 patients undergoing revision total hip arthroplasty were retrospectively reviewed. All operations were performed through the direct anterior approach. At the final follow-up, incidences of dislocation, reoperation, acute deep infections, periprosthetic fractures and psoas impingement were assessed. The median postoperative Oxford Hip Score was also calculated. RESULTS At revision surgery, the mean age was 66 ± 12 years (range, 28-91). During an average follow-up of 4.2 ± 1.2 years, reoperation rate for major complications in the non-infected revisions was 15% (n = 11), including five acute deep infections (7%), four periprosthetic fractures (5%), one dislocation and one psoas impingement (1%). The median postoperative Oxford Hip Score was 39 (interquartile range = 14). CONCLUSION In our series, revision total hip arthroplasty through direct anterior approach was associated with a very low dislocation rate, acceptable complication rates and good functional results. Our results suggest that this procedure is safe and reliable. TRIAL REGISTRATION Ethical approval for this study was obtained, before enrollment of the first participant, by CUB Erasme's research ethics committee (P2020/323) and C.H.U Ambroise Paré's research ethics committee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Kahhaleh
- grid.412157.40000 0000 8571 829XDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, C.U.B Erasme, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium ,grid.492608.1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, C.H.U Ambroise Paré, Boulevard John Fitzgerald Kennedy 2, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Tatiana Charles
- grid.412157.40000 0000 8571 829XDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, C.U.B Erasme, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier Collard
- grid.492608.1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, C.H.U Ambroise Paré, Boulevard John Fitzgerald Kennedy 2, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Marc Jayankura
- grid.412157.40000 0000 8571 829XDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, C.U.B Erasme, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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Taheriazam A, Saeidinia A. Evaluation results of using GAP II acetabular cage for acetabulum in revision total hip arthroplasty. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32056. [PMID: 36451475 PMCID: PMC9704984 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetabular revision arthroplasty with major bone loss is one of the most difficult operations in hip arthroplasty, The graft augmentation prosthesis (GAP) has been designed particularly as an implant for revision acetabular reconstruction. We evaluated the use of GAP II acetabular cage in revision of acetabulum in total hip arthroplasty. From 2009 to 2014, we performed revision total hip arthroplasty in patients with acetabular defects by cage (GAP II) in patients referred to Milad and Erfan Hospitals, Tehran, Iran. We included all patients in class 3a and 3b of Paprosky bone loss classification and type III bone loss according to the system of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. We used SPSS software Ver 19 and descriptive tests, Chi square and independent t-test were used for analysis. There were 221 men (71.99%) and 86 women (28.01%) with an average age of 51.3 ± 21.7 years (range, 35-86 years). The Modified Harris Hip Score (MHHS) improved significantly at the last follow-up compared with the preoperative MHHS (P < .001). The mean MHHS was 40 (range, 29-44) preoperatively and 92 (range, 86-95) at the last follow-up. There were no major intraoperative complications during acetabular reconstruction. Our findings showed that using GAP II acetabular cage in the restoration of acetabulum in hip revision surgery is significantly desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Taheriazam
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- * Correspondence: Afshin Taheriazam and Amin Saeidinia, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khaghani St, Shariati Ave, Tehran, IranMashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (e-mail: ; )
| | - Amin Saeidinia
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- * Correspondence: Afshin Taheriazam and Amin Saeidinia, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khaghani St, Shariati Ave, Tehran, IranMashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (e-mail: ; )
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Lancaster A, Boes E, Gililland J, Anderson L. Direct Anterior Cup-Half Cage for Revision and Complex Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: Surgical Technique. Arthroplast Today 2022; 16:140-149. [PMID: 35694614 PMCID: PMC9184889 DOI: 10.1016/j.artd.2022.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As surgeons' comfort with the direct anterior approach (DAA) for total hip arthroplasty continues to increase, there is a growing interest in performing complex surgeries through this approach. Acetabular bone loss and/or pelvic discontinuity in the primary or revision setting often requires specialized implants such as a cup-cage construct. We describe our surgical technique for implanting modified cup-half cages through the DAA and show 2 case examples of how this technique was utilized in the setting of complex acetabular bone loss. In our experience, this is an effective method for complex total hip arthroplasty, with the potential added benefits of the DAA of reduced soft-tissue dissection, direct measurement of leg length, and ease of fluoroscopic navigation for implant positioning.
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Thaler M, Manson TT, Holzapfel BM, Moskal J. Proximal femoral replacement using the direct anterior approach to the hip. OPERATIVE ORTHOPADIE UND TRAUMATOLOGIE 2022; 34:218-230. [PMID: 35641789 PMCID: PMC9197819 DOI: 10.1007/s00064-022-00770-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Proximal femoral replacement (PFR) is a salvage procedure originally developed for reconstruction after resection of sarcomas and metastatic cancer. These techniques can also be adapted for the treatment of non-oncologic reconstruction for cases involving massive proximal bone loss. The direct anterior approach (DAA) is readily utilized for revision total hip arthroplasty (THA), but there have been few reports of its use for proximal femoral replacement. INDICATIONS Aseptic, septic femoral implant loosening, periprosthetic femoral fracture, oncologic lesions of the proximal femur. The most common indication for non-oncologic proximal femoral placement is a severe femoral defect Paprosky IIIB or IV. CONTRAINDICATIONS Infection. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE In contrast to conventional DAA approaches and extensions, we recommend starting the approach 3 cm lateral to the anterior superior iliac spine and performing a straight incision directed towards the fibular head. After identification and incision of the tensor fasciae lata proximally and the lateral mobilization of the iliotibial tract distally, the vastus lateralis muscle can be retracted medially as far as needed. Special care should be taken to avoid injuries to the branches of the femoral nerve innervating the vastus lateralis muscle. If required, the distal extension of the DAA can continue all the way to the knee to allow implantation of a total femoral replacement. The level of the femoral resection is detected with an x‑ray. In accordance with preoperative planning, the proximal femur is resected. Ream and broach the distal femoral fragment to the femoral canal. With trial implants in place, leg length, anteversion of the implant and hip stability are evaluated. It is crucial to provide robust reattachment of the abductor muscles to the PFR prosthesis. Mesh reinforcement can be used to reinforce the muscular attachment if necessary. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT We typically use no hip precautions other than to limit combined external rotation and extension for 6 weeks. In most cases, full weight bearing is possible after surgery. RESULTS A PFR was performed in 16 patients (mean age: 55.1 years; range 17-84 years) using an extension of the DAA. The indication was primary bone sarcoma in 7 patients, metastatic lesion in 6 patients and massive periprosthetic femoral bone loss in 3 patients. Complications related to the surgery occurred in 2 patients (both were dislocation). Overall, 1 patient required reoperation and 1 patient died because of his disease. Mean follow-up was 34.5 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Thaler
- Arthroplasty Center, Helios Klinikum Munich West, Steinerweg 5, 81241, Munich, Germany.
- Universitätsklinik für Orthopädie, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
- Center of Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Theodore T Manson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Maryland, 21204, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Boris Michael Holzapfel
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Joseph Moskal
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Institute for Orthopedics and Neurosciences, 24014, Roanoke, VA, USA
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Holzapfel BM, Corten K, Goldberg T, Rudert M, Nogler M, Moskal J, Thaler M. Acetabular defect management and revision arthroplasty via the direct anterior approach. OPERATIVE ORTHOPADIE UND TRAUMATOLOGIE 2022; 34:203-217. [PMID: 35680676 DOI: 10.1007/s00064-022-00767-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acetabular revision arthroplasty and osseous defect management through the direct anterior approach (DAA) with or without proximal extension. INDICATIONS Aseptic or septic component loosening, periacetabular osseous defects, pelvic discontinuity, intrapelvic cup protrusion, anterior pseudotumors, iliopsoas tendonitis, polyethylene wear or iliopsoas abscess. CONTRAINDICATIONS Clinically relevant gluteal tendon lesions, active infection, morbid obesity, large abdominal pannus, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) score > III, inguinal skin infection. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE Electrocautery dissection is recommended to dissect the Hueter interval and to debulk pericapsular scar tissue. At all times during capsular debulking, it should be made sure not to damage the iliopsoas tendon or the neurovascular bundle. A stepwise releasing sequence can facilitate dislocation of the prosthesis. Most cases can be revised via the standard DAA but certain circumstances require an intra- or extrapelvic extension. Access to the anterior gluteal surface of the ilium can be provided using a "tensor snip". More posterior access is provided by the extensile extrapelvic approach described by Smith-Petersen. The intrapelvic Levine extension offers access to the entire visceral surface of the ilium and large parts of the anterior column. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT Patient revised via the intra- or extrapelvic extension and patients suffering from extensive soft tissue or osseous defects should undergo postoperative weight-bearing restrictions with 20 kg for 6 weeks. RESULTS Based on our studies, there is no limitation on the type of acetabular implant that can be used in DAA revision arthroplasty. Moreover, virtually all types of periacetabular osseous defects can be managed through the approach and its extensions. Acetabular revision arthroplasty via the DAA and its extensions is safe and can result in good midterm results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Michael Holzapfel
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Kristoff Corten
- Hip Unit, Orthopedic Department, Ziekenhuis Ooost-Limburg Genk, Schiepse Bos 6, 3600, Genk, Belgium
| | - Tyler Goldberg
- 4700 Seton Center Parkway, Texas Orthopedics, LLC, 78759, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Maximilian Rudert
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Brettreichstr. 11, 97074, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Nogler
- Department of Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Joseph Moskal
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Institute for Orthopedics and Neuroscience, 2331 Franklin Rd, 24014, SW, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Martin Thaler
- Arthroplasty Center, Helios Klinikum Munich West, Steinerweg 5, 81241, Munich, Germany
- Center of Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Thaler M, Corten K, Nogler M, Holzapfel BM, Moskal J. Femoral revision with the direct anterior approach. OPERATIVE ORTHOPADIE UND TRAUMATOLOGIE 2022; 34:189-202. [PMID: 35641790 PMCID: PMC9197934 DOI: 10.1007/s00064-022-00768-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The advantages of the direct anterior approach (DAA) in primary total hip arthroplasty as a minimally invasive, muscle-sparing, internervous approach are reported by many authors. Therefore, the DAA has become increasingly popular for primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in recent years, and the number of surgeons using the DAA is steadily increasing. Thus, the question arises whether femoral revisions are possible through the same interval. INDICATIONS Aseptic, septic femoral implant loosening, malalignment, periprosthetic joint infection or periprosthetic femoral fracture. CONTRAINDICATIONS A draining sinus from another approach. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE The incision for the primary DAA can be extended distally and proximally. If necessary, two releases can be performed to allow better exposure of the proximal femur. The DAA interval can be extended to the level of the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) in order to perform a tensor release. If needed, a release of the external rotators can be performed in addition. If a component cannot be explanted endofemorally, and a Wagner transfemoral osteotomy or an extended trochanteric osteotomy has to be performed, the skin incision needs to be extended distally to maintain access to the femoral diaphysis. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT Depending on the indication for the femoral revision, ranging from partial weight bearing in cases of periprosthetic fractures to full weight bearing in cases of aseptic loosening. RESULTS In all, 50 femoral revisions with a mean age of 65.7 years and a mean follow-up of 2.1 years were investigated. The femoral revision was endofemoral in 41 cases, while a transfemoral approach with a lazy‑S extension was performed in 9 patients. The overall complication rate was 12% (6 complications); 3 patients or 6% of the included patients required reoperations. None of the implanted stems showed a varus or valgus position. There were no cases of mechanical loosening, stem fracture or subsidence. Median WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) score before surgery improved significantly from preoperative (52.5) to postoperative (27.2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Thaler
- Arthroplasty Center, Helios Klinikum Munich West, Steinerweg 5, 81241, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology -Experimental Orthopedics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
- Center of Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Kristoff Corten
- Hip Unit, Orthopedic Department, Heuppraktijk, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg Genk, Herselt, Belgium
| | - Michael Nogler
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology -Experimental Orthopedics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Boris Michael Holzapfel
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Joseph Moskal
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Institute for Orthopedics and Neurosciences, 24014, Roanoke, VA, USA
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Singh G, Khurana A, Gupta S. Evaluation of Direct Anterior Approach for Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review. Hip Pelvis 2021; 33:109-119. [PMID: 34552888 PMCID: PMC8440135 DOI: 10.5371/hp.2021.33.3.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct anterior approach (DAA) is an established approach for total hip arthroplasty (THA) but has been sparingly tried for revisions. The purpose of this study was to examine the available literature in order to consolidate information available on revision THA using the DAA. A PubMed, Embase, and Scopus search was performed using relevant keywords. Studies reporting on patients undergoing revision THA using DAA were included for analysis. In a review of the literature, nine studies matched the pre-decided inclusion criteria with 319 hip joints undergoing revision THA. Mean follow-up of all included studies was 34 months. The indications of revision after primary THA in decreasing order were aseptic loosening (53%), prosthetic joint infection (20.7%), peri-prosthetic fracture (16.9%), dislocation (7.2%), psoas impingement (1.9%), polyethylene wear (1.2%), pain (0.6%), and instability (0.3%). Of the 319 revisions evaluated, 107 underwent a stem revision, 142 underwent cup revision, 49 underwent a combined revision, and 21 underwent isolated liner/head change. A statistically significant improvement in functional score (P<0.05) was observed for all studies reporting on functional outcomes. A low complication rate (51/319, 16.0%), which includes dislocation (12), infection (12), loosening of the acetabular shell (5), peri-prosthetic fractures (6), haematoma (4), and transient nerve palsy (6), was reported. Based on available level III-IV evidence, DAA appears to be a reliable alternative for revision of the failed hip arthroplasty with acceptable complication rates. Evidence of a higher quality is needed to further characterize its role in revision scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurvinder Singh
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital (BSAMCH), Rohini, Delhi, India
| | - Ankit Khurana
- Department of Orthopaedics, ESI Hospital, Rohini, Delhi, India
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Abstract
Pelvic discontinuity (PD) has been a considerable challenge for the hip revision arthroplasty surgeon. However, not all PDs are the same. Some occur during primary cup insertion, resembling a fresh periprosthetic fracture that separates the superior and inferior portions of the pelvis, while others are chronic as a result of gradual acetabular bone loss due to osteolysis and/or acetabular implant loosening. In the past, ORIF, various types of cages, bone grafts and bone cement were utilized with little success. Today, the biomechanics and biology of PD as well as new diagnostic tools and especially a variety of new implants and techniques are available to hip revision surgeons. Ultraporous cups and augments, cup-cage constructs and custom triflange components have revolutionized the treatment of PD when used in various combinations with ORIF and bone grafts. For chronic PD the cup-cage construct is the most popular method of reconstruction with good medium-term results. Dislocation continues to be the leading cause of failure in all situations, followed by infection. Ultimately, surgeons today have a big enough armamentarium to select the best treatment approach. Case individualization, personal experience and improvisation are the best assets to drive treatment decisions and strategies.
Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:459-471. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210022
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Affiliation(s)
- George C Babis
- 2nd Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Konstantopouleio Hospital, Greece
| | - Vasileios S Nikolaou
- 2nd Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Konstantopouleio Hospital, Greece
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Fontalis A, Epinette JA, Thaler M, Zagra L, Khanduja V, Haddad FS. Advances and innovations in total hip arthroplasty. SICOT J 2021; 7:26. [PMID: 33843582 PMCID: PMC8040589 DOI: 10.1051/sicotj/2021025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been quoted as one of the most successful and cost-effective procedures in Orthopaedics. The last decade has seen an exponential rise in the number of THAs performed globally and a sharp increase in the percentage of young patients hoping to improve their quality of life and return to physically demanding activities. Hence, it is imperative to review the various applications of technology in total hip arthroplasty for improving outcomes. The development of state-of-the-art robotic technology has enabled more reproducible and accurate acetabular positioning, while long-term data are needed to assess its cost-effectiveness. This opinion piece aims to outline and present the advances and innovations in total hip arthroplasty, from virtual reality and three-dimensional printing to patient-specific instrumentation and dual mobility bearings. This illustrates and reflects the debate that will be at the centre of hip surgery for the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Fontalis
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University College London Hospitals, London NW1 2BU, UK
| | | | - Martin Thaler
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Luigi Zagra
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Hip Department, Milan 20161, Italy
| | - Vikas Khanduja
- Young Adult Hip Service, Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Box 37, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Fares S Haddad
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University College London Hospitals, London NW1 2BU, UK
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Thaler M, Dammerer D, Hechenberger F, Hörmann R, Van Beeck A, Stofferin H. The Anatomical Course of the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve in Relation to Various Skin Incisions Used for Primary and Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty With the Direct Anterior Approach. J Arthroplasty 2021; 36:368-373. [PMID: 32826147 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2020.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the direct anterior approach (DAA) has become a standard for primary and revision total hip arthroplasty, it involves a high risk of injuring the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). The aim of this study is to examine the course of the LFCN in relation to various skin incisions and approach extensions used for the DAA. METHODS We obtained 44 limbs and hemipelves from 22 formalin-preserved cadavers, in which LFCN was identified. All nerve branches of the LFCN were carefully traced. The branching pattern and the distribution in the thigh were described in relation to the standard approach for primary total hip arthroplasty, the skin crease bikini incision, the longitudinal extension, and the lazy S extension of the DAA. RESULTS We found 31 (70.5%) Sartorius-type, 6 (13.6%) posterior-type, and 7 (15.9%) fan-type branching patterns of the LFCN. We observed 2.02 branches per hemipelvis. All fan-type LFCNs had 3 or more than 3 branches. We found that the main branch of the LFCN was medial to the primary DAA approach as well as to the lazy S extended DAA approach. The bikini incision and the incision for the longitudinal extension of the DAA crosses the main branch of the LFCN in 100% of cases. CONCLUSION The fan-type pattern of the LFCN might be harmed by all skin incisions. Chances are high that LFCN branches could be jeopardized with a bikini-type incision and the longitudinal extension of the DAA. The risk of jeopardizing the LFCN with a lazy S-type distal extension is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Thaler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dietmar Dammerer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Faro Hechenberger
- Department of Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Romed Hörmann
- Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Annelies Van Beeck
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, University Hosptial Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hannes Stofferin
- Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Revision Arthroplasty Through the Direct Anterior Approach Using an Asymmetric Acetabular Component. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9093031. [PMID: 32967075 PMCID: PMC7564155 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9093031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite increasing numbers of primary hip arthroplasties performed through the direct anterior approach (DAA), there is a lack of literature on DAA revision arthroplasty. The present study was performed in order to evaluate outcomes and revision rates after revision through the DAA using an asymmetric acetabular component with optional intra- and extramedullary fixation. In a retrospective cohort study, we analyzed prospectively collected data of 57 patients (61 hips, 43 female, 18 male) who underwent aseptic acetabular component revision through the DAA with the abovementioned implant system between January 2015 and December 2017. The mean follow-up was 40 months (12–56). Survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. All complications were documented and functional outcomes were assessed pre- and postoperatively. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed an estimated five-year implant survival of 97% (confidence interval CI 87–99%). The estimated five-year survival with revision for any cause was 93% (CI 83–98%). The overall revision rate was 6.6% (n = 4). Two patients had to undergo revision due to periprosthetic infection (3.3%). In one patient, the acetabular component was revised due to aseptic loosening four months postoperatively. Another patient suffered from postoperative iliopsoas impingement and was treated successfully by arthroscopic iliopsoas tenotomy. Two (3.3%) of the revised hips dislocated postoperatively. The mean Harris Hip Score improved from 35 (2–66) preoperatively to 86 (38–100) postoperatively (p < 0.001). The hip joint’s anatomical center of rotation was restored at a high degree of accuracy. Our findings demonstrate that acetabular revision arthroplasty through the DAA using an asymmetric acetabular component with optional intra- and extramedullary fixation is safe and practicable, resulting in good radiographic and clinical midterm results.
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