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Naendrup JH, Pfeiffer TR, Chan C, Nagai K, Novaretti JV, Sheean AJ, Shafizadeh ST, Debski RE, Musahl V. Effect of Meniscal Ramp Lesion Repair on Knee Kinematics, Bony Contact Forces, and In Situ Forces in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament. Am J Sports Med 2019; 47:3195-3202. [PMID: 31560563 DOI: 10.1177/0363546519872964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meniscal ramp lesions are possible concomitant injuries in cases of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency. Although recent studies have investigated the influence of ramp lesions on knee kinematics, the effect on the ACL reconstruction graft remains unknown. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS The purpose was to determine the effects of ramp lesion and ramp lesion repair on knee kinematics, the in situ forces in the ACL, and bony contact forces. It was hypothesized that ramp lesions will significantly increase in situ forces in the native ACL and bony contact forces and that ramp lesion repair will restore these conditions comparably with those forces of the intact knee. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Investigators tested 9 human cadaveric knee specimens using a 6 degrees of freedom robotic testing system. The knee was continuously flexed from full extension to 90° while the following loads were applied: (1) 90-N anterior load, (2) 5 N·m of external-rotation torque, (3) 134-N anterior load + 200-N compression load, (4) 4 N·m of external-rotation torque + 200-N compression load, and (5) 4 N·m of internal-rotation torque + 200-N compression load. Loading conditions were applied to the intact knee, a knee with an arthroscopically induced 25-mm ramp lesion, and a knee with an all-inside repaired ramp lesion. In situ forces in the ACL, bony contact forces in the medial compartment, and bony contact forces in the lateral compartment were quantified. RESULTS In response to all loading conditions, no differences were found with respect to kinematics, in situ forces in the ACL, and bony contact forces between intact knees and knees with a ramp lesion. However, compared with intact knees, knees with a ramp lesion repair had significantly reduced anterior translation at flexion angles from full extension to 40° in response to a 90-N anterior load (P < .05). In addition, a significant decrease in the in situ forces in the ACL after ramp repair was detected only for higher flexion angles when 4 N·m of external-rotation torque combined with a 200-N compression load (P < .05) and 4 N·m of internal-rotation torque combined with a 200-N compression load were applied (P < .05). CONCLUSION In this biomechanical study, ramp lesions did not significantly affect knee biomechanics at the time of surgery. CLINICAL RELEVANCE From a biomechanical time-zero perspective, the indications for ramp lesion repair may be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Hendrik Naendrup
- Orthopaedic Robotics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Traumatology, Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne Merheim Medical Centre, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas R Pfeiffer
- Orthopaedic Robotics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Traumatology, Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne Merheim Medical Centre, Cologne, Germany
| | - Calvin Chan
- Orthopaedic Robotics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kanto Nagai
- Orthopaedic Robotics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - João V Novaretti
- Orthopaedic Robotics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Orthopaedics and Traumatology Sports Center (CETE), Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Paulista School of Medicine (EPM), Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrew J Sheean
- Orthopaedic Robotics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sven T Shafizadeh
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Traumatology, Witten/Herdecke University, Sana Medical Centre Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Richard E Debski
- Orthopaedic Robotics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Volker Musahl
- Orthopaedic Robotics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Diagnostic Accuracy of Sequential Arthroscopic Approach for Ramp Lesions of the Posterior Horn of the Medial Meniscus in Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Deficient Knee. Arthroscopy 2018; 34:1582-1589. [PMID: 29402583 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To document the diagnostic accuracy and steps for sequential arthroscopic exploration of ramp lesions-peripheral tear within 4 mm of meniscocapsular junction of medial meniscus-associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. METHODS This was a prospective consecutive study of 195 primary ACL reconstructions with arthroscopic exploration for ramp lesion in 4 steps: (1) standard exploration through the anterolateral portal, (2) through the intercondylar space using a 30° arthroscope, (3) through the intercondylar space using a 70° arthroscope, and (4) after creation of a posteromedial portal. Acute (<3 months) and chronic case (>3 months) groups were compared, and the sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were assessed. RESULTS Overall, 50 patients (26.6%) were confirmed as having a ramp lesion. After step 1, only 19 cases (38%) were identified as a ramp lesion. After step 2, 24 cases (48%) were found, and the sensitivity of step 2 was estimated at 48%. After step 3, an additional 26 cases (52%) were identified. No more additional cases of ramp lesion were found after step 4. There were statistically significant differences between steps 2 and 3 (P = .001), but no differences between steps 1 and 2, or steps 3 and 4. Although there were no statistical differences in overall prevalence for acute (28/128, 21.8%) and chronic (22/67, 32.8%) groups (P = .136), the incidence of ramp lesion confirmed through the standard portal approach was found to be significantly correlated with chronic group (odds ratio: 2.95, P = .023). The sensitivity and specificity of preoperative MRI were 84% and 95.17%. CONCLUSIONS Many ramp lesions could not be diagnosed through the standard portal and intercondylar space using a 30° arthroscope. Posteromedial inspection using a 70° arthroscope has improved the diagnostic accuracy for ramp lesion without direct exploration through the posteromedial portal. Care should be taken to identify ramp lesions when ACL reconstruction is performed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level I, diagnostic study of consecutive patients.
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Arner JW, Herbst E, Burnham JM, Soni A, Naendrup JH, Popchak A, Fu FH, Musahl V. MRI can accurately detect meniscal ramp lesions of the knee. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2017; 25:3955-3960. [PMID: 28343325 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-017-4523-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Posterior horn meniscal tears are commonly found in conjunction with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Some believe tears in the posterior meniscocapsular zone, coined ramp lesions, are important to knee stability. The purpose of this study was to determine whether pre-operative MRI evaluation was able to accurately and reproducibly identify ramp lesions. METHODS Three blinded reviewers assessed MRIs twice for the presence of ramp lesions in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value for MRI were calculated based on arthroscopic diagnosis of a ramp lesion. Intra-class correlation coefficient was calculated to assess intra- and interobserver reliability of the MRI assessment between the three examiners. Significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Ninety patients met inclusion criteria (45 males, 45 females, mean age 28.0 years). Thirteen of these patients had arthroscopy-confirmed ramp lesions, while the other 77 had other meniscal pathology. Sensitivity of detecting a ramp lesion on MRI ranged from 53.9 to 84.6%, while specificity was 92.3-98.7%. Negative predictive value was 91.1-97.4%, while positive predictive value was 50.0-90.0%. Inter-rater reliability between three reviewers was moderate at 0.56. The observers had excellent intra-rater reliability ranging from 0.75 to 0.81. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates high sensitivity and excellent specificity in detecting meniscal ramp lesions on MRI. Ramp lesions are likely more common and may have greater clinical implications than previously appreciated; the outcomes of untreated lesions must be investigated. Pre-operative identification of ramp lesions may aid clinicians in surgical planning and patient education to improve outcomes by addressing pathology which may have otherwise been missed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin W Arner
- UPMC Center for Sports Medicine, 3200 S Water St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA
| | - Elmar Herbst
- UPMC Center for Sports Medicine, 3200 S Water St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA
| | - Jeremy M Burnham
- UPMC Center for Sports Medicine, 3200 S Water St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA
| | - Ashish Soni
- UPMC Center for Sports Medicine, 3200 S Water St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA
| | | | - Adam Popchak
- UPMC Center for Sports Medicine, 3200 S Water St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA
| | - Freddie H Fu
- UPMC Center for Sports Medicine, 3200 S Water St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA
| | - Volker Musahl
- UPMC Center for Sports Medicine, 3200 S Water St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA.
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Çetinkaya E, Kuyucu E, Gül M, Lapçin O, Albayrak K, Gürsu S. A suture technique for easier reduction and repair of bucket-handle meniscal tears while using the all-inside devices. SICOT J 2016; 2:42. [PMID: 27892399 PMCID: PMC5125161 DOI: 10.1051/sicotj/2016035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthroscopic repair of bucket-handle meniscal tears is difficult due to their complex pathology. Many meniscal repair techniques such as all-inside, inside-out, and outside-in have been described for the treatment of these tears. Loss of reduction is a likely complication with the use of new-generation, all-inside suture instruments, as the tip of the needle is extracted following advancement of the first implant behind the capsule. The complication may be encountered quite often and renders the use of the meniscus repair instrument unusable and causes an irreparable iatrogenic injury in the meniscus. The application of a simpler and more efficient technique is necessary until surgical experience is gained. The aim of this study was to define a new, simpler, and more efficient combination of suturing method in the treatment of bucket-handle meniscal repairs and minimize the rate of complications which may be caused by this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engin Çetinkaya
- Baltalimani Bone and Joint Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Department of Ortopaedics and Traumatology, 34470 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ersin Kuyucu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medipol University, 34214 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Gül
- Baltalimani Bone and Joint Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Department of Ortopaedics and Traumatology, 34470 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Lapçin
- Baltalimani Bone and Joint Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Department of Ortopaedics and Traumatology, 34470 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kutalmış Albayrak
- Baltalimani Bone and Joint Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Department of Ortopaedics and Traumatology, 34470 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sarper Gürsu
- Baltalimani Bone and Joint Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Department of Ortopaedics and Traumatology, 34470 Istanbul, Turkey
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Tiftikci U, Serbest S. The Optimal Placement of Sutures in All-inside Repair of Meniscocapsular Separation. Open Orthop J 2016; 10:89-93. [PMID: 27347236 PMCID: PMC4897031 DOI: 10.2174/1874325001610010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to show the effects on the meniscus of repair applied from the femoral, the femoral-tibial and the tibial surfaces. METHODS In the treatment of meniscocapsular separation, although the accepted gold standard technique in the past was the inside-out suture technique, the current treatment method is all-inside repair methods. The all-inside techniques include the hook method and applications with a meniscus suture device. The hook method is difficult with a steep learning curve. In meniscus repair applied with the all-inside meniscus devices, the application of the suture can change the anatomic structure and position of the meniscus. RESULTS The suturing method applied from the tibial section of the meniscus does not disrupt the anatomic position of the meniscus in meniscocapsular separation. Thus, the optimum conditions are provided for restoration of the functions of the meniscus. CONCLUSION The optimal repair in meniscocapsular separations can be considered to be that made with sutures from the tibial section of the meniscus. This technique may be helpful in obtaining better clinical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Tiftikci
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine Kırıkkale, Kırıkkale University, Turkey
| | - Sancar Serbest
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine Kırıkkale, Kırıkkale University, Turkey
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Li WP, Chen Z, Song B, Yang R, Tan W. The FasT-Fix Repair Technique for Ramp Lesion of the Medial Meniscus. Knee Surg Relat Res 2015; 27:56-60. [PMID: 25750895 PMCID: PMC4349646 DOI: 10.5792/ksrr.2015.27.1.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This technical note describes a new arthroscopic technique to repair the peripheral attachment lesion of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus. The operation was performed under arthroscopy using a standard anterior portal. Surgical Technique A FasT-Fix needle was inserted obliquely close to the tibial plateau and the first implant was inserted into the joint capsule depending on its bending angle underneath the meniscus. The second implant was inserted through 1/3 periphery of the meniscus into the meniscocapsular area. The pre-tied self-sliding knot was tensioned to achieve secure fixation of the posterior meniscal peripheral attachment at the original attachment point. Materials and Methods From August 2011 to February 2014, 23 knees were diagnosed as ramp lesion, underwent meniscal repair using FasT-Fix technique. Results All patients were followed up for average 14 months. The Lysholm score improved from preoperative 64.4±4.52 to postoperative 91.2±4.60. Conclusions We believe that the FasT-Fix technique via the standard anterior portal can be a more convenient and less traumatic alternative for repair of the peripheral attachment lesion of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus in the anterior cruciate ligament deficient knee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ping Li
- Department of Sport Medicine Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Sport Medicine Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Sport Medicine Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Sport Medicine Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiquan Tan
- Department of Sport Medicine Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Sonnery-Cottet B, Conteduca J, Thaunat M, Gunepin FX, Seil R. Hidden lesions of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus: a systematic arthroscopic exploration of the concealed portion of the knee. Am J Sports Med 2014; 42:921-6. [PMID: 24567252 DOI: 10.1177/0363546514522394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are frequently associated with meniscal lesions. Despite improvements in meniscal repair techniques, failure rates remain significant, especially for the posterior horn of the medial meniscus. PURPOSE To determine whether a systematic arthroscopic exploration of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus with an additional posteromedial portal is useful to identify otherwise unrecognized lesions. STUDY DESIGN Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS In a consecutive series of 302 ACL reconstructions, a systematic arthroscopic exploration of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus was performed. The first stage of the exploration was achieved through anterior visualization via a standard anterolateral portal. In the second stage, the posterior horn of the medial meniscus was visualized posteriorly via the anterolateral portal with the scope positioned deep in the notch. In the third stage, the posterior horn was probed through an additional posteromedial portal. A χ2 test and logistic regression analysis were performed to determine if the time from injury to surgery was associated with the meniscal tear pattern. RESULTS A medial meniscal tear was diagnosed in 125 of the 302 patients (41.4%). Seventy-five lesions (60%) located in the meniscal body were diagnosed at the first stage of the arthroscopic exploration. Fifty lesions located in the ramp area were diagnosed: 29 (23.2%) at the second stage and 21 lesions (16.8%) at the third stage after minimal debridement of the superficial soft tissue layer. The latter type of lesion is called a "hidden lesion." Altogether, the prevalence of ramp lesions in this population was 40%. Meniscal body lesions (odds ratio, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-5.18; P < .02) were found to be significantly correlated with a longer delay between injury and surgery. CONCLUSION Posterior visualization and posteromedial probing of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus can help in discovering a higher rate of lesions that could be easily missed through a standard anterior exploration. In numerous cases, these lesions were "hidden" under a membrane-like tissue and were discovered after minimal debridement through a posteromedial portal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Sonnery-Cottet
- Bertrand Sonnery-Cottet, Centre Orthopédique Santy, 24 Avenue Paul Santy, 69008 Lyon, France.
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Lee JH, Lim YJ, Kim KB, Kim KH, Song JH. Arthroscopic pullout suture repair of posterior root tear of the medial meniscus: radiographic and clinical results with a 2-year follow-up. Arthroscopy 2009; 25:951-8. [PMID: 19732632 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2009.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Revised: 01/28/2009] [Accepted: 03/29/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was undertaken to document the short-term clinical efficacy of arthroscopic pullout suture repair in treating posterior root tears of the medial meniscus. METHODS From March 2004 to August 2006, 26 patients (27 knees) with posterior root tears of the medial meniscus were treated with arthroscopic pullout suture repair surgery by the senior author. Of these, 20 consecutive patients (21 knees) with a minimum of 2 years' follow-up treated by arthroscopic pullout suture repair were analyzed. Clinical results by use of the Lysholm knee and Hospital for Special Surgery scores and radiographic grade were evaluated, both preoperatively and at final follow-up. In addition, the second-look arthroscopic findings for 10 knees were analyzed. RESULTS A radiographic evaluation using the criteria of Kellgren and Lawrence at final follow-up showed an increase in radiographic grade by 1 grade in only 1 knee. On the second-look arthroscopies performed in 10 knees (47.6%), all repaired menisci had healed completely without additional chondral lesions in the knee. The mean Hospital for Special Surgery scores improved from 61.1 preoperatively to 93.8 at final follow-up (P < .0001), and the mean preoperative Lysholm knee scores improved from 57.0 to 93.1 at final follow-up (P < .0001). Retear was found in 1 knee at the 6-month follow-up, and reoperation was performed with the same procedure used for the index surgery. CONCLUSIONS Arthroscopic pullout suture repair is an effective treatment for alleviating meniscal symptoms in patients with a symptomatic posterior root tear of the medial meniscus with degenerated articular cartilage of less than grade III. In addition, no discernable degenerative arthritic changes were found in terms of radiographic features with our limited short-term follow-up. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV, therapeutic case series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hong Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonbuk National University School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
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