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Wang L, Guan C, Zhang T, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Hu J, Xu D, Lu H. Comparative effect of skeletal stem cells versus bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on rotator cuff tendon-bone healing. J Orthop Translat 2024; 47:87-96. [PMID: 39007033 PMCID: PMC11245954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have immense potential in applications for the enhancement of tendon-bone (T-B) healing. Recently, it has been well-reported that skeletal stem cells (SSCs) could induce bone and cartilage regeneration. Therefore, SSCs represent a promising choice for cell-based therapies to improve T-B healing. In this study, we aimed to compare the therapeutic potential of SSCs and BMSCs for tendon-bone healing. Methods SSCs and BMSCs were isolated by flow cytometry, and their proliferation ability was measured by CCK-8 assay. The osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic gene expression in cells was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). C57BL/6 mice underwent unilateral supraspinatus tendon detachment and repair, and the mice were then randomly allocated to 4 groups: control group (tendon-bone interface without any treatment), hydrogel group (administration of blank hydrogel into the tendon-bone interface), hydrogel + BMSCs group (administration of hydrogel with BMSCs into the tendon-bone interface), and hydrogel + SSCs group (administration of hydrogel with SSCs into the tendon-bone interface). Histological staining, Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) scanning, biomechanical testing, and qRT-PCR were performed to assay T-B healing at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. Results SSCs showed more cell proportion, exhibited stronger multiplication capacity, and expressed higher osteogenic and chondrogenic markers and lower adipogenic markers than BMSCs. In vivo assay, the SSCs group showed a better-maturated interface which was characterized by richer chondrocytes and more proteoglycan deposition, as well as more newly formed bone at the healing site and increased mechanical properties when compared to other there groups. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the healing interface in the SSCs group expressed more transcription factors essential for osteogenesis and chondrogenesis than the interfaces in the other groups. Conclusions Overall, the results demonstrated the superior therapeutic potential of SSCs over BMSCs in tendon-bone healing. The translational potential of this article This current study provides valuable insights that SSCs may be a more effective cell therapy for enhancing T-B healing compared to BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Changbiao Guan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yongchun Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yuqian Liu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Daqi Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
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Liu H, Yuan S, Liu G, Li J, Zheng K, Zhang Z, Zheng S, Yin L, Li Y. Satellite Cell-Derived Exosomes: A Novel Approach to Alleviate Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Fibrosis. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300558. [PMID: 38329214 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy coincides with extensive fibrous tissue hyperplasia in muscle-atrophied patients, and fibrous tissue plays a vital role in skeletal muscle function and hinders muscle fiber regeneration. However, effective drugs to manage skeletal muscle atrophy and fibrosis remain elusive. This study isolated and characterized exosomes derived from skeletal muscle satellite cells (MuSC-Exo). The study investigated their effects on denervated skeletal muscle atrophy and fibrosis in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats via intramuscular injection. MuSC-Exo demonstrated the potential to alleviate skeletal muscle atrophy and fibrosis. The underlying mechanism using single-cell RNA sequencing data and functional analysis are analyzed. Mechanistic studies reveal close associations between fibroblasts and myoblasts, with the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-Smad3-Pax7 axis governing fibroblast activation in atrophic skeletal muscle. MuSC-Exo intervention inhibited the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway and improved muscle atrophy and fibrosis. In conclusion, MuSC-Exo-based therapy may represent a novel strategy to alleviate skeletal muscle atrophy and reduce excessive fibrotic tissue by targeting Pax7 through the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwen Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
- Department of Discipline Construction Office, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, Sichuan, 617067, China
| | - Shiguo Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic, Hainan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570203, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China
| | - Gaofeng Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Junhua Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic, Hainan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570203, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Hainan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570203, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China
| | - Sheng Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Discipline Construction Office, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, Sichuan, 617067, China
| | - Yikai Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China
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Hart DA, Ahmed AS, Ackermann P. Optimizing repair of tendon ruptures and chronic tendinopathies: Integrating the use of biomarkers with biological interventions to improve patient outcomes and clinical trial design. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 4:1081129. [PMID: 36685063 PMCID: PMC9853460 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.1081129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendons are dense connective tissues of the musculoskeletal system that link bones with muscles to foster mobility. They have complex structures and exist in varying biomechanical, metabolic and biological environments. In addition, tendon composition and mechanical properties can change over the lifespan as an individual ages. Many tendons function in high stress conditions with a low vascular and neuronal supply, conditions often leading to development of chronic tendinopathies, and in some cases, overt rupture of the tissues. Given their essential nature for human mobility and navigation through the environment, the effective repair and regeneration of different tendons after injury or damage is critical for quality of life, and for elite athletes, the return to sport participation at a high level. However, for mainly unknown reasons, the outcomes following injury are not always successful and lead to functional compromise and risk for re-injury. Thus, there is a need to identify those patients who are at risk for developing tendon problems, as well those at risk for poor outcomes after injury and to design interventions to improve outcomes after injury or rupture to specific tendons. This review will discuss recent advances in the identification of biomarkers prognostic for successful and less successful outcomes after tendon injury, and the mechanistic implications of such biomarkers, as well as the potential for specific biologic interventions to enhance outcomes to improve both quality of life and a return to participation in sports. In addition, the implication of these biomarkers for clinical trial design is discussed, as is the issue of whether such biomarkers for successful healing of one tendon can be extended to all tendons or are valid only for tendons in specific biomechanical and biological environments. As maintaining an active lifestyle is critical for health, the successful implementation of these advances will benefit the large number of individuals at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Hart
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Kinesiology, McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Correspondence: David A. Hart
| | - Aisha S. Ahmed
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Ackermann
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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