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Alshammari A, Brown M. Attitudes That Might Impact upon Donation after Brain Death in Intensive Care Unit Settings: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1857. [PMID: 37444690 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11131857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organ donation and transplantation can save or improve the quality of life of people worldwide. However, there are many challenges associated with organ donation, as the demand for organs greatly outstrips supply. Additionally, there are brain-dead patients who could be potential organ donors. It is thus important to determine the attitudes affecting organ donation and transplantation in intensive care unit settings. AIM this study aimed to identify attitudes that might affect organ donation and transplantation in intensive care unit settings. METHODOLOGY Five electronic databases (CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus, and EMBASE) were searched systematically. A systematic search strategy was formulated. The quality of each study was assessed using the MMAT quality appraisal tool. RESULTS A total of seven studies were included. The findings of this systematic review demonstrate that education, policy, and continuing professional development could help to address barriers to donation. CONCLUSIONS therefore, to influence organ donation and transplantation positively, the main themes evaluated in this systematic review provide an opportunity to influence organ donation and transplantation attitudes in intensive care unit settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Alshammari
- Northern Area Armed Forces Hospital, Hafar Albatin, King Khaild Military City 39748, Saudi Arabia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Michael Brown
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
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Chen YC, Fang CS, Tsai CL. Willingness of intensive care unit patients' family members to donate organs: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32601. [PMID: 36607866 PMCID: PMC9829248 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The large gap between the demand for, and the supply of organs worldwide makes promoting organ donation an important global social issue. Even after someone has signed a consent form or registered for organ donation, ethically, the hospital still requires a family member's written permission before organ donation can proceed. As a result, a family member rather than the patient makes the final decision. This study investigated the willingness of the family members of hypothetical patients in intensive care units (ICUs) suffering from an irreversible condition to sign an organ donation consent form. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among family members of ICU patients recruited from one medical center in southern Taiwan from April to October 2014, which followed the STROBE guidelines. Of 110 ICU family members, 71 (64.5%) were willing to donate the organs of hypothetical patients with irreversible conditions. Based on logistic regression, family support, attitude, and knowledge of organ donation significantly predicted 34% of the variance in willingness to sign consent. Attitude toward organ donation and behavioral knowledge of organ donation correlated significantly with a willingness to sign a consent form. This study found that family support and organ donation attitudes were important factors in predicting the willingness to sign a consent form for the organ donation of hypothetical patients. The study provides evidence that nurses and healthcare staff need to consider family support and educate families on organ donation to encourage potential donors to accept and agree to organ donation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Chen
- Department of Nursing, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Shu Fang
- Doctoral Candidate, School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Lun Tsai
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- * Correspondence: Chi-Lun Tsai, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, No.901, Zhonghua Rd. Yongkang Dist., Tainan City 71004, Taiwan (e-mail: )
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3
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Almubark RA, Alghonaim M, BinDhim NF, Attar B, Abaalkhail F, Ammary FA, Alqahtani SA. Attitudes Toward Organ Donation in an Arab-Based Population. Transplant Proc 2022; 54:2063-2068. [PMID: 36195496 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2022.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Commitment to organ donation may vary among willing younger and older adults. We aimed to understand attitudes toward organ donation among Arab adults. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of adults from 13 regions in Saudi Arabia between February 12, 2021, and March 14, 2021. We stratified the analyses by individuals' age (younger, 18 to 39 years old; older, ≥40 years old). RESULTS Of 4217 individuals contacted, 3120 respondents (1846 younger and 1274 older) completed the survey, with a response rate of 74%. We found that 54% of younger and 47% of older respondents expressed support for organ transplantation, and 49% of younger and 35% of older respondents wanted to donate their organs. However, only 4% of younger and 3% of older respondents had registered in the national donor database. Knowledge sources that most likely to influence attitudes toward organ donation for younger and older respondents, respectively, were physician/health care worker (58% and 55%), family member (29% and 26%), scientist/researcher (29% and 22%), and religious scholar (16% and 23%). CONCLUSION Though many younger and older adults express a willingness to donate, few are registered to be a donor. Our findings highlight the influential sources of knowledge that can be implemented in future interventions to increase commitment to organ donation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A Almubark
- Scientific Department, Sharik Association for Health Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghonaim
- Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser F BinDhim
- Scientific Department, Sharik Association for Health Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; CEO Office, Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Besher Attar
- Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Abaalkhail
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz Al Ammary
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Saleh A Alqahtani
- Liver Transplant Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
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Muthiah MD, Chua MSH, Griva K, Low I, Lim WH, Ng CH, Hwang JYF, Yap JCH, Iyer SG, Bonney GK, Anantharaman V, Huang DQ, Tan EXX, Lee GH, Kow AWC, Tai BC. A Multiethnic Asian Perspective of Presumed Consent for Organ Donation: A Population-Based Perception Study. Front Public Health 2021; 9:712584. [PMID: 34676192 PMCID: PMC8525798 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.712584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Organ shortage is still a world-wide problem, resulting in long waiting lists for kidney, liver, and heart transplant candidates across many transplant centers globally. This has resulted in the move toward presumed consent to increase deceased organ donation rates. However, there remains a paucity of literature on public attitude and barriers regarding the opt-out system, with existing studies limited to Western nations. Therefore, this study aimed to understand public sentiment and different barriers toward organ donation from the perspective of Singapore, a highly diverse and multiethnic Asian society. Methods: A cross-sectional community semi-structured interview was conducted in a public housing estate in Singapore. Pilot test was undertaken before participants were interviewed face-to-face by trained personnel. All statistical evaluations were conducted using Stata. The χ2-test compared subgroups based on patient characteristics while multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of willingness to donate/ assent. Effect estimates were quantified using odds ratio (OR). Findings: Out of 799 individuals, 85% were agreeable to organ donation after death and 81% were willing to assent to donations of family members' organs, which declined by 16% (p < 0.001) after a clinical scenario was presented. Demographic factors including ethnicity, education, marital, and employment status affected willingness to donate and assent. Knowledge correlated significantly with willingness to donate and assent. In particular, knowledge regarding brain death irreversibility had the strongest correlation (AOR 2.15; 95% CI 1.60–2.89). Conclusions: Organ donation rates remain low albeit presumed consent legislation, due to patient-level barriers, including but not limited to knowledge gaps, cultural values, religious backgrounds, and emotional impact at relatives' death. To effectively boost donor rates, it is crucial for policy makers to invest in public education and improve transplant provisions and family protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Muthiah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melissa Sin Hui Chua
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Konstadina Griva
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ivan Low
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Hui Lim
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng Han Ng
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeff Y F Hwang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jason C H Yap
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shridhar G Iyer
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Glenn K Bonney
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vathsala Anantharaman
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Nephrology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel Q Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eunice Xiang-Xuan Tan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Guan-Huei Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alfred W C Kow
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bee Choo Tai
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Herbertson EC, Lahiri CD, Nwogu JN, Soremekun RO, Olugbake OA, Ezechi OC, Akanmu AS, Gandhi M. High Acceptability of Donating Hair and Other Biological Samples for Research Among People Living with HIV in an Outpatient Clinic in Lagos, Nigeria. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2021; 37:676-682. [PMID: 33687274 PMCID: PMC8501468 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2020.0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Willingness to donate hair samples is a rate-limiting step for assaying antiretroviral (ARV) concentrations in hair, an emerging technique for HIV prevention and treatment monitoring. We surveyed ethnically diverse Nigerians to determine their willingness to donate hair for biomedical research. A cross-sectional survey of people living with HIV on ARV therapy (ART) was conducted at the HIV clinic of Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, using systematic sampling. The researcher-administered questionnaire was designed to capture sociodemographic data, length of time on ART, and willingness to donate hair. Univariate analysis was performed on sociodemographic characteristics, and independent-samples t-test and chi-square tests were used for bivariate analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess factors associated with willingness to donate hair samples, with a significance level of 0.05. Of the 398 participants enrolled in the study, 258 (64.8%) were female, the average age was 40 years (±9.8), and the average time spent on ART was 7.3 years (±4.2). More than half (64.8%) of the respondents were willing to donate hair samples for biomedical research and they were 1.5 times more likely to donate hair than blood. For one-third of the participants, the anticipated benefit from the eventual research findings was the primary motivation to donate hair samples. Fear of use of hair for rituals was the most common stated reason for unwillingness to donate hair samples (21.2%). In an ethnically diverse, urban-based Nigerian study population, nearly two-thirds of the participants were willing to donate hair samples for biomedical research. These findings support the feasibility of hair sampling for future HIV clinical research conducted within Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebiere C. Herbertson
- Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
- Emory-Nigeria HIV Research Training Program, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Cecile D. Lahiri
- Emory-Nigeria HIV Research Training Program, Lagos, Nigeria
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jacinta N. Nwogu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Rebecca O. Soremekun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olubusola A. Olugbake
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Oliver C. Ezechi
- Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
- Emory-Nigeria HIV Research Training Program, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Monica Gandhi
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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Huss MB, Schmitz-Valckenberg S, Finger RP, Löffler KU, Fleckenstein M, Holz FG, Pfau M. The Willingness of Patients to Participate in an Eye Donation Registry for Research. Ophthalmologica 2020; 244:179-186. [PMID: 33316801 DOI: 10.1159/000513722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For ophthalmologic research, the systematic correlation of clinical data with data obtained from postmortem tissue donation is of great benefit. In this respect, the establishment of an eye donation registry represents a prerequisite for the acquisition of such data. METHODS A total of 300 patients were interviewed at a tertiary referral center in Germany by means of a standardized questionnaire. Binary questions were evaluated by percentage; Likert-scaled questions (1 = does apply; 5 = does not apply) were analyzed by the median and 25th (Q25) and 75th (Q75) percentiles. RESULTS The majority of patients (77.0%) would agree to donate their eyes for research purposes. When asked about reasons against an eye donation, 60.9% of all patients only stated reasons in the category "addressable" (e.g., not enough awareness of the topic). The vast majority of patients considered it appropriate for an ophthalmologist to approach them on the issue of postmortem eye donation (median 1, Q25 1, Q75 1). CONCLUSION Overall, patients had a positive attitude towards postmortem eye donation for research purposes. Importantly, reasons given against postmortem eye donation were often related to misconceptions and were potentially addressable. These results underline the fundamental willingness of ophthalmological patients in Germany to donate their eyes postmortem for research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel B Huss
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, .,GRADE Reading Center, Bonn, Germany, .,John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake, Utah, USA,
| | - Robert P Finger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karin U Löffler
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Monika Fleckenstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,GRADE Reading Center, Bonn, Germany.,John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake, Utah, USA
| | - Frank G Holz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,GRADE Reading Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maximilian Pfau
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,GRADE Reading Center, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Kim SW, Lee HY, Park UJ, Kim HT, Roh YN. Effect of Opt-out System for Organ Donation After Brain Death on Ethical Legitimacy and Potential Efficacy in a Mathematical Model. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2020; 18:626-632. [PMID: 32799789 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2019.0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare the possible outcomes of the current (opt-in) system and an opt-out system for organ donation in South Korea using a mathematical model. MATERIALS AND METHODS A structured questionnaire was used to investigate the decision on organ donation and family consent after brain death under the current system and an opt-out system. The survey was conducted in August 2018 by means of a voluntary survey of 100 opposite-sex married couples. RESULTS Sixty-three percent of participants wished to self-donate their organs after brain death: 69.5% were positive and 30.5% were negative regarding the implementation of the opt-out system. Among 200 participants, the total number of possible donors increased from 110 (55.0%) in the current system to 139 (69.5%) in the opt-out system. Positive autonomy was defined as obtainment of consent from the donor and the spouse, and negative autonomy was defined as concordaence of refusal between the donor and the spouse. Comparisons between the systems showed that the rate of autonomy increased from 57.0% in the current system to 61.5% in the opt-out system. Although the achievement of positive autonomy increased from 59.5% in the current system to 74.6% in the opt-out system, the achievement of negative autonomy decreased from 52.7% in the current system to 39.2% in the opt-out system. CONCLUSIONS An opt-out system can increase the number of organ donors; however, achievement of negative autonomy can decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Woo Kim
- >From the Department of Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Brain Death in Asia: Do Public Views Still Influence Organ Donation in the 21st Century? Transplantation 2019; 103:755-763. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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