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Veerabhadrappa P, Schutte AE. Homocysteine and Nighttime Blood Pressure Dipping-Is There a Connection? Am J Hypertens 2017; 30:1151-1152. [PMID: 28985273 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpx141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aletta E Schutte
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council: Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Srejovic I, Zivkovic V, Nikolic T, Jeremic N, Stojic I, Jeremic J, Djuric D, Jakovljevic V. Modulation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors in isolated rat heart. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:1327-1334. [PMID: 28758414 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Considering the limited data on the role of NMDA-Rs in the cardiovascular system, the aim of the present study was to examine the effects of NMDA and DL-Hcy TLHC, alone and in combination with glycine, memantine, and ifenprodil, in the isolated rat heart. The hearts of Wistar albino rats were retrogradely perfused according to the Langendorff technique at a constant perfusion pressure. The experimental protocol for all experimental groups included the stabilization period, application of estimated substance for 5 min, followed by a washout period of 10 min. Using a sensor placed in the left ventricle, we registered the following parameters of myocardial function: dp/dtmax, dp/dtmin, SLVP, DVLP, HR; CF was measured using flowmetry). We estimated the following oxidative stress biomarkers in the coronary venous effluent using spectrophotometry: TBARS, NO2-, O2-, and H2O2. NMDA alone did not induce any change in any of the observed parameters, while DL-Hcy TLHC alone, as well as a combined application of NMDA and DL-Hcy TLHC with glycine, induced a reduction of most cardiodynamic parameters. Memantine and ifenprodil induced a reduction of cardiodynamic parameters and CF, as well as some oxidative stress biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Srejovic
- a Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Zivkovic
- a Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Tamara Nikolic
- b Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nevena Jeremic
- b Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Isidora Stojic
- b Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jovana Jeremic
- b Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dragan Djuric
- c Institute of Medical Physiology "Richard Burian", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- a Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,d Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Takemoto Y. Central cardiovascular actions of l-homocysteine microinjected into ventrolateral medullary autonomic areas of the rat. Amino Acids 2016; 48:2215-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Dhar P, Sharma VK, Hota KB, Das SK, Hota SK, Srivastava RB, Singh SB. Autonomic cardiovascular responses in acclimatized lowlanders on prolonged stay at high altitude: a longitudinal follow up study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e84274. [PMID: 24404157 PMCID: PMC3880292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute exposure to hypobaric hypoxia at high altitude is reported to cause sympathetic dominance that may contribute to the pathophysiology of high altitude illnesses. The effect of prolonged stay at high altitude on autonomic functions, however, remains to be explored. Thus, the present study aimed at investigating the effect of high altitude on autonomic neural control of cardiovascular responses by monitoring heart rate variability (HRV) during chronic hypobaric hypoxia. Baseline electrocardiography (ECG) data was acquired from the volunteers at mean sea level (MSL) (<250 m) in Rajasthan. Following induction of the study population to high altitude (4500–4800 m) in Ladakh region, ECG data was acquired from the volunteers after 6 months (ALL 6) and 18 months of induction (ALL 18). Out of 159 volunteers who underwent complete investigation during acquisition of baseline data, we have only included the data of 104 volunteers who constantly stayed at high altitude for 18 months to complete the final follow up after 18 months. HRV parameters, physiological indices and biochemical changes in serum were investigated. Our results show sympathetic hyperactivation along with compromise in parasympathetic activity in ALL 6 and ALL 18 when compared to baseline data. Reduction of sympathetic activity and increased parasympathetic response was however observed in ALL 18 when compared to ALL 6. Our findings suggest that autonomic response is regulated by two distinct mechanisms in the ALL 6 and ALL 18. While the autonomic alterations in the ALL 6 group could be attributed to increased sympathetic activity resulting from increased plasma catecholamine concentration, the sympathetic activity in ALL 18 group is associated with increased concentration of serum coronary risk factors and elevated homocysteine. These findings have important clinical implications in assessment of susceptibility to cardio-vascular risks in acclimatized lowlanders staying for prolonged duration at high altitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Dhar
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research & Development Organisation, C/o 56 APO, Leh-Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Vijay K. Sharma
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research & Development Organisation, C/o 56 APO, Leh-Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Kalpana B. Hota
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research & Development Organisation, C/o 56 APO, Leh-Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Saroj K. Das
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research & Development Organisation, C/o 56 APO, Leh-Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sunil K. Hota
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research & Development Organisation, C/o 56 APO, Leh-Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ravi B. Srivastava
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Defence Research & Development Organisation, C/o 56 APO, Leh-Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shashi B. Singh
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research & Development Organisation, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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Effects of DL-homocysteine thiolactone on cardiac contractility, coronary flow, and oxidative stress markers in the isolated rat heart: the role of different gasotransmitters. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:318471. [PMID: 24350259 PMCID: PMC3857920 DOI: 10.1155/2013/318471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Considering the adverse effects of DL-homocysteine thiolactone hydrochloride (DL-Hcy TLHC) on vascular function and the possible role of oxidative stress in these mechanisms, the aim of this study was to assess the influence of DL-Hcy TLHC alone and in combination with specific inhibitors of important gasotransmitters, such as L-NAME, DL-PAG, and PPR IX, on cardiac contractility, coronary flow, and oxidative stress markers in an isolated rat heart. The hearts were retrogradely perfused according to the Langendorff technique at a 70 cm H2O and administered 10 μM DL-Hcy TLHC alone or in combination with 30 μM L-NAME, 10 μM DL-PAG, or 10 μM PPR IX. The following parameters were measured: dp/dt max, dp/dt min, SLVP, DLVP, MBP, HR, and CF. Oxidative stress markers were measured spectrophotometrically in coronary effluent through TBARS, NO2, O2−, and H2O2 concentrations. The administration of DL-Hcy TLHC alone decreased dp/dt max, SLVP, and CF but did not change any oxidative stress parameters. DL-Hcy TLHC with L-NAME decreased CF, O2−, H2O2, and TBARS. The administration of DL-Hcy TLHC with DL-PAG significantly increased dp/dt max but decreased DLVP, CF, and TBARS. Administration of DL-Hcy TLHC with PPR IX caused a decrease in dp/dt max, SLVP, HR, CF, and TBARS.
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Mendes RH, Mostarda C, Candido GO, Moraes-Silva IC, D'Almeida V, Belló-Klein A, Irigoyen MC, Rigatto K. Moderate hyperhomocysteinemia provokes dysfunction of cardiovascular autonomic system and liver oxidative stress in rats. Auton Neurosci 2013; 180:43-7. [PMID: 24231341 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is associated with cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis and reactive oxygen species generation. Thus, our aim was to investigate whether there was an association between HHcy, blood pressure, autonomic control and liver oxidative stress. Male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups and treated for 8weeks: one group (control, CO) received tap water, while the other group (methionine, ME) was given a 100mg/kg of methionine in water by gavage. Two catheters were implanted into the femoral artery and vein to record arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) and drug administration. Signals were recorded by a data acquisition system. Baroreflex sensitivity was evaluated by HR responses to AP changes induced by vasoactive drugs. HR variability and AP variability were performed by spectral analysis in time and frequency domains to evaluate the contribution of the sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities were evaluated by measuring superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in liver homogenates. The ME group presented a significant increase in systolic arterial pressure (118±9 vs 135±6mmHg), diastolic arterial pressure (81±6 vs. 92±4) and mean arterial pressure (95±7 vs. 106±6). In addition, pulse interval variability presented a significant decrease (41%), while the low frequency component of AP was significantly increased (delta P=6.24mmHg(2)) in the ME group. We also found a positive association between lipid peroxidation and cardiac sympathetic modulation, sympathetic and vagal modulation ratio and systolic pressure variability. Collectively, these findings showed that HHcy induced dysfunction of cardiovascular autonomic system and liver oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Mendes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C Mostarda
- Hospital Materno Infantil, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Brazil; Unidade de Hipertensão, Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G O Candido
- Unidade de Hipertensão, Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I C Moraes-Silva
- Unidade de Hipertensão, Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Santo Amaro, Brazil
| | - V D'Almeida
- Departamento de Biociências, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil
| | - A Belló-Klein
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M C Irigoyen
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Unidade de Hipertensão, Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - K Rigatto
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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