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Vilahur G, Radike M, Sutelman P, Ben-Aicha S, Gutiérrez M, Casaní L, Hovdal D, Ongstad EL, Gabrielsen A, Hidalgo A, Fjellström O, Carlsson L, Badimon L. Recombinant human soluble domain of CD39L3 and ticagrelor: cardioprotective effects in experimental myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:1553-1567. [PMID: 38486376 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases of the CD39 family degrade ATP and ADP into AMP, which is converted into adenosine by the extracellular CD73/ecto-5-nucleotidase. This pathway has been explored in antithrombotic treatments but little in myocardial protection. We have investigated whether the administration of solCD39L3 (AZD3366) confers additional cardioprotection to that of ticagrelor alone in a pre-clinical model of myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS Ticagrelor-treated pigs underwent balloon-induced MI (90 min) and, before reperfusion, received intravenously either vehicle, 1 mg/kg AZD3366 or 3 mg/kg AZD3366. All animals received ticagrelor twice daily for 42 days. A non-treated MI group was run as a control. Serial cardiac magnetic resonance (baseline, Day 3 and Day 42 post-MI), light transmittance aggregometry, bleeding time, and histological and molecular analyses were performed. RESULTS Ticagrelor reduced oedema formation and infarct size at Day 3 post-MI vs. controls. A 3 mg/kg AZD3366 provided an additional 45% reduction in oedema and infarct size compared with ticagrelor and a 70% reduction vs. controls (P < .05). At Day 42, infarct size declined in all ticagrelor-administered pigs, particularly in 3 mg/kg AZD3366-treated pigs (P < .05). Left ventricular ejection fraction was diminished at Day 3 in placebo pigs and worsened at Day 42, whereas it remained unaltered in ticagrelor ± AZD3366-administered animals. Pigs administered with 3 mg/kg AZD3366 displayed higher left ventricular ejection fraction upon dobutamine stress at Day 3 and minimal dysfunctional segmental contraction at Day 42 (χ2P < .05 vs. all). Cardiac and systemic molecular readouts supported these benefits. Interestingly, AZD3366 abolished ADP-induced light transmittance aggregometry without affecting bleeding time. CONCLUSIONS Infusion of AZD3366 on top of ticagrelor leads to enhanced cardioprotection compared with ticagrelor alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Vilahur
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Monika Radike
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
- Radiology Department, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Pablo Sutelman
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Manuel Gutiérrez
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Laura Casaní
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Daniel Hovdal
- DMPK, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emily L Ongstad
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Anders Gabrielsen
- Early Clinical Development, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Ola Fjellström
- Projects, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Leif Carlsson
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Lina Badimon
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Lin LC, Liu ZY, Yang JJ, Zhao JY, Tao H. Lipid metabolism reprogramming in cardiac fibrosis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:164-175. [PMID: 37949734 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a critical pathophysiological process that occurs with diverse types of cardiac injury. Lipids are the most important bioenergy substrates for maintaining optimal heart performance and act as second messengers to transduce signals within cardiac cells. However, lipid metabolism reprogramming is a double-edged sword in the regulation of cardiomyocyte homeostasis and heart function. Moreover, lipids can exert diverse effects on cardiac fibrosis through different signaling pathways. In this review, we provide a brief overview of aberrant cardiac lipid metabolism and recent progress in pharmacological research targeting lipid metabolism alterations in cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Zhi-Yan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Jian-Yuan Zhao
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
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Gallinat A, Vilahur G, Padro T, Badimon L. Effects of Antioxidants in Fermented Beverages in Tissue Transcriptomics: Effect of Beer Intake on Myocardial Tissue after Oxidative Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051096. [PMID: 37237963 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented beverages, such as wine and beer, are rich in polyphenols that have been shown to have protective effects against oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disease. However, the potential benefits of fermented beverages on cardiovascular health need to be fully investigated at a molecular level. In this study, we aimed at analyzing the effects of beer consumption in modulating the transcriptomic response of the heart to an oxidative stress challenge induced by myocardial ischemia (MI) in the presence of hypercholesterolemia in a pre-clinical swine model. Previous studies have shown that the same intervention induces organ protective benefits. We report a dose-dependent up-regulation of electron transport chain members and the down-regulation of spliceosome-associated genes linked to beer consumption. Additionally, low-dose beer consumption resulted in a down-regulation of genes associated with the immune response, that was not shown for moderate-dose beer consumption. These findings, observed in animals having demonstrated beneficial effects at the organ-level, indicate that the antioxidants in beer differentially affect the myocardial transcriptome in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Gallinat
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, IIBSANTPAU, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, IIBSANTPAU, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Padro
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, IIBSANTPAU, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, IIBSANTPAU, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Research Chair, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Gallo A, Giral P, Rosenbaum D, Mattina A, Kilinc A, Giron A, Bouazizi K, Gueda Moussa M, Salem JE, Carrié A, Carreau V, Béliard S, Bittar R, Cluzel P, Bruckert E, Redheuil A, Kachenoura N. Myocardial fibrosis assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in asymptomatic heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: the cholcoeur study. EBioMedicine 2021; 74:103735. [PMID: 34864619 PMCID: PMC8646177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an underdiagnosed condition with an increased cardiovascular risk. It is unknown whether lipid accumulation plays a role in structural myocardial changes. Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) is the reference technique for the morpho-functional evaluation of heart chambers through cine sequences and for myocardial tissue characterization through late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and T1 mapping images. We aimed to assess the prevalence of myocardial fibrosis in FH patients. METHODS Seventy-two asymptomatic subjects with genetically confirmed FH (mean age 49·24, range 40 to 60 years) were prospectively recruited along with 31 controls without dyslipidaemia matched for age, sex, BMI, and other cardiovascular risk factors. All underwent CMR including cine, LGE, pre- and post-contrast T1 mapping. Extracellular volume (ECV) and enhancement rate of the myocardium (ERM = difference between pre- and post-contrast myocardial T1, normalized by pre-contrast myocardial T1) were calculated. FINDINGS Five FH patients and none of the controls had intramyocardial LGE (p= 0·188). While no changes in Native T1 and ECV were found, post-contrast T1 was significantly lower (430·6 ± 55ms vs. 476·1 ± 43ms, p<0·001) and ERM was higher (57·44± 5·99 % vs 53·04±4·88, p=0·005) in HeFH patients compared to controls. Moreover, low post-contrast T1 was independently associated with the presence of xanthoma (HR 5·221 [1·04-26·28], p= 0·045). A composite score combining the presence of LGE, high native T1 and high ERM (defined as ≥ mean ± 1·5 SD) was found in 20·8% of the HeFH patients vs. 0% in controls (p<0·000, after adjustment for main confounders). INTERPRETATION CMR revealed early changes in myocardial tissue characteristics in HeFH patients, that should foster further work to better understand and prevent the underlying pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gallo
- Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and cardiovascular prevention-University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière - Assistance Publique/Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière - Sorbonne University; Sorbonne University, Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Cardio-metabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Imaging Core Lab, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose, Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France.
| | - Philippe Giral
- Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and cardiovascular prevention-University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière - Assistance Publique/Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière - Sorbonne University
| | - David Rosenbaum
- Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and cardiovascular prevention-University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière - Assistance Publique/Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière - Sorbonne University
| | - Alessandro Mattina
- Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and cardiovascular prevention-University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière - Assistance Publique/Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière - Sorbonne University; Diabetes and Islet Transplantation Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center - Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ali Kilinc
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Cardio-metabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Imaging Core Lab, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Alain Giron
- Sorbonne University, Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Khaoula Bouazizi
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Cardio-metabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Imaging Core Lab, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Moussa Gueda Moussa
- Sorbonne University, Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Joe-Elie Salem
- AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology and CIC-1901, F-75013 Paris, France; INSERM, CIC-1901 and UMR 1166, F-75013 Paris, France, Sorbonne Universités
| | - Alain Carrié
- Sorbonne University, Inserm, UMR_S1166, APHP, Department of Biochemistry, Obesity and Dyslipidemia Genetics Unit, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Carreau
- Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and cardiovascular prevention-University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière - Assistance Publique/Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière - Sorbonne University
| | - Sophie Béliard
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France; Department of Nutrition, Metabolic Diseases, Endocrinology, La Conception Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Randa Bittar
- Sorbonne University, Inserm, UMR_S1166, Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Cluzel
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Imaging Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Eric Bruckert
- Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and cardiovascular prevention-University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière - Assistance Publique/Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière - Sorbonne University; Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Cardio-metabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Imaging Core Lab, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Alban Redheuil
- Sorbonne University, Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Cardio-metabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Imaging Core Lab, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Cardiovascular and Thoracic Imaging Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Nadjia Kachenoura
- Sorbonne University, Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Cardio-metabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Imaging Core Lab, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Vilahur G, Sutelman P, Mendieta G, Ben-Aicha S, Borrell-Pages M, Peña E, Crespo J, Casaní L, Badimon L. Triglyceride-induced cardiac lipotoxicity is mitigated by Silybum marianum. Atherosclerosis 2021; 324:91-101. [PMID: 33857761 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Silybum marianum (SM) is an herbal product with cytoprotective and antioxidant properties. We have previously demonstrated that SM ameliorates ventricular remodeling and improves cardiac performance. Here, we evaluated whether SM could exert beneficial effects against cardiac lipotoxicity in a pig model of closed-chest myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS Study 1 investigated the effect of SM administration on lipid profile and any potential SM-related adverse effects. Animals received SM or placebo during 10 days and were afterward sacrificed. Study 2 evaluated the effectiveness of SM daily administration in reducing cardiac lipotoxicity in animals subjected to a 1.5h myocardial infarction (MI), who were subsequently reperfused for 2.5h and euthanized or kept under study for three weeks and then sacrificed. RESULTS Animals administered a 10-day SM regime presented a sharp decline in plasma triglyceride levels vs. controls, with no other modifications in lipid profile. The decrease in triglyceride concentration was accompanied by a marked reduction in triglyceride intestinal absorption and glycoprotein-P expression. Three weeks post-MI the triglyceride content in the ischemic myocardium of the SM-treated animals was significantly lower than in the ischemic myocardium of placebo-controls. This effect was associated with an enhanced cardiac expression of PPARγ and triglyceride clearance receptors. This long-term SM-administration induced a lower expression of lipid receptors in subcutaneous adipose tissue. No SM-related side-effects were registered. CONCLUSION SM administration reduces plasma triglyceride levels through attenuation of triglyceride intestinal absorption and modulates cardiac lipotoxicity in the ischemic myocardium, likely contributing to improve ventricular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CiberCV, Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Sutelman
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guiomar Mendieta
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cardiology, Clinic Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Borrell-Pages
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Peña
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Crespo
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Casaní
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CiberCV, Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CiberCV, Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Chair UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
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Mendieta G, Ben-Aicha S, Gutiérrez M, Casani L, Aržanauskaitė M, Carreras F, Sabate M, Badimon L, Vilahur G. Intravenous Statin Administration During Myocardial Infarction Compared With Oral Post-Infarct Administration. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 75:1386-1402. [PMID: 32216907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beyond lipid-lowering, statins exert cardioprotective effects. High-dose statin treatment seems to reduce cardiovascular complications in high-risk patients. The ideal timing and administration regime remain unknown. OBJECTIVES This study compared the cardioprotective effects of intravenous statin administration during myocardial infarction (MI) with oral administration immediately post-MI. METHODS Hypercholesterolemic pigs underwent MI induction (90 min of ischemia) and were kept for 42 days. Animals were distributed in 3 arms (A): A1 received an intravenous bolus of atorvastatin during MI; A2 received an intravenous bolus of vehicle during MI; and A3 received oral atorvastatin within 2 h post-MI. A1 and A3 remained on daily oral atorvastatin for the following 42 days. Cardiac magnetic resonance analysis (days 3 and 42 post-MI) and molecular/histological studies were performed. RESULTS At day 3, A1 showed a 10% reduction in infarct size compared with A3 and A2 and a 50% increase in myocardial salvage. At day 42, both A1 and A3 showed a significant decrease in scar size versus A2; however, A1 showed a further 24% reduction versus A3. Functional analyses revealed improved systolic performance in A1 compared with A2 and less wall motion abnormalities in the jeopardized myocardium versus both groups at day 42. A1 showed enhanced collagen content and AMP-activated protein kinase activation in the scar, increased vessel density in the penumbra, higher tumor necrosis factor α plasma levels and lower peripheral blood mononuclear cell activation versus both groups. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous administration of atorvastatin during MI limits cardiac damage, improves cardiac function, and mitigates remodeling to a larger extent than when administered orally shortly after reperfusion. This therapeutic approach deserves to be investigated in ST-segment elevation MI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiomar Mendieta
- Cardiovascular Research Center-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cardiology, Clinic Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- Cardiovascular Research Center-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Gutiérrez
- Radiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Casani
- Cardiovascular Research Center-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Radiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monika Aržanauskaitė
- Cardiovascular Research Center-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Carreras
- Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Sabate
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CiberCV, Institute Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Research Center-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CiberCV, Institute Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
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Andreadou I, Tsoumani M, Vilahur G, Ikonomidis I, Badimon L, Varga ZV, Ferdinandy P, Schulz R. PCSK9 in Myocardial Infarction and Cardioprotection: Importance of Lipid Metabolism and Inflammation. Front Physiol 2020; 11:602497. [PMID: 33262707 PMCID: PMC7688516 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.602497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive evidence from epidemiologic, genetic, and clinical intervention studies has indisputably shown that elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations play a central role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Apart from LDL-C, also triglycerides independently modulate cardiovascular risk. Reduction of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has emerged as a therapeutic target for reducing plasma LDL-C, but it is also associated with a reduction in triglyceride levels potentially through modulation of the expression of free fatty acid transporters. Preclinical data indicate that PCSK9 is up-regulated in the ischaemic heart and decreasing PCSK9 expression impacts on infarct size, post infarct inflammation and remodeling as well as cardiac dysfunction following ischaemia/reperfusion. Clinical data support that notion in that PCSK9 inhibition is associated with reductions in the incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke, and coronary revascularization and an improvement of endothelial function in subjects with increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of the current review is to summarize the current knowledge on the importance of free fatty acid metabolism on myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury and to provide an update on recent evidence on the role of hyperlipidemia and PCSK9 in myocardial infarction and cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Tsoumani
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignatios Ikonomidis
- Second Cardiology Department, Attikon Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Research Chair, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona Spain
| | - Zoltán V Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Andreadou I, Schulz R, Badimon L, Adameová A, Kleinbongard P, Lecour S, Nikolaou PE, Falcão-Pires I, Vilahur G, Woudberg N, Heusch G, Ferdinandy P. Hyperlipidaemia and cardioprotection: Animal models for translational studies. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:5287-5311. [PMID: 31769007 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidaemia is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and therefore, many animal model have been developed to mimic the human abnormal elevation of blood lipid levels. In parallel, extensive research for the alleviation of ischaemia/reperfusion injury has revealed that hyperlipidaemia is a major co-morbidity that attenuates the cardioprotective effect of conditioning strategies (preconditioning, postconditioning and remote conditioning) and that of pharmacological interventions by interfering with cardioprotective signalling pathways. In the present review article, we summarize the existing data on animal models of hypercholesterolaemia (total, low density and HDL abnormalities) and hypertriglyceridaemia used in ischaemia/reperfusion injury and protection from it. We also provide recommendations on preclinical animal models to be used for translations of the cardioprotective strategies into clinical practice. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Risk factors, comorbidities, and comedications in cardioprotection. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.23/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Research Chair Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Adameová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Center of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Kleinbongard
- Institut für Pathophysiologie, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Ines Falcão-Pires
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicholas Woudberg
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gerd Heusch
- Institut für Pathophysiologie, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
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9
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Chang KF, Lin G, Huang PC, Juan YH, Wang CH, Tsai SY, Lin YC, Wu MT, Liao PA, Yang LY, Liu MH, Lin YC, Wang JJ, Ng KK, Ng SH. Left Ventricular Function and Myocardial Triglyceride Content on 3T Cardiac MR Predict Major Cardiovascular Adverse Events and Readmission in Patients Hospitalized with Acute Heart Failure. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9010169. [PMID: 31936313 PMCID: PMC7019990 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This prospective study was designed to investigate whether myocardial triglyceride (TG) content from proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and left ventricular (LV) function parameters from cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) can serve as imaging biomarkers in predicting future major cardiovascular adverse events (MACE) and readmission in patients who had been hospitalized for acute heart failure (HF). Methods: Patients who were discharged after hospitalization for acute HF were prospectively enrolled. On a 3.0 T MR scanner, myocardial TG contents were measured using MRS, and LV parameters (function and mass) were evaluated using cine. The occurrence of MACE and the HF-related readmission served as the endpoints. Independent predictors were identified using univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. Results: A total of 133 patients (mean age, 52.4 years) were enrolled. The mean duration of follow-up in surviving patients was 775 days. Baseline LV functional parameters—including ejection fraction, LV end-diastolic volume, LV end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI), and LV end-systolic volume (p < 0.0001 for all), and myocardial mass (p = 0.010)—were significantly associated with MACE. Multivariable analysis revealed that LVEDVI was the independent predictor for MACE, while myocardial mass was the independent predictor for 3- and 12-month readmission. Myocardial TG content (lipid resonances δ 1.6 ppm) was significantly associated with readmission in patients with ischemic heart disease. Conclusions: LVEDVI and myocardial mass are potential imaging biomarkers that independently predict MACE and readmission, respectively, in patients discharged after hospitalization for acute HF. Myocardial TG predicts readmission in patients with a history of ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Fu Chang
- Department of Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, Keelung 20401, Taiwan; (K.-F.C.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (G.L.); (P.-C.H.); (Y.-H.J.); (P.-A.L.); (Y.-C.L.); (J.-J.W.)
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (G.L.); (P.-C.H.); (Y.-H.J.); (P.-A.L.); (Y.-C.L.); (J.-J.W.)
- Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Lab, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ching Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (G.L.); (P.-C.H.); (Y.-H.J.); (P.-A.L.); (Y.-C.L.); (J.-J.W.)
| | - Yu-Hsiang Juan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (G.L.); (P.-C.H.); (Y.-H.J.); (P.-A.L.); (Y.-C.L.); (J.-J.W.)
| | - Chao-Hung Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Heart Failure Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (M.-H.L.)
| | - Shang-Yueh Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Chengchi University, Taipei 11605, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Ching Lin
- Department of Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, Keelung 20401, Taiwan; (K.-F.C.); (Y.-C.L.)
| | - Ming-Ting Wu
- Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan;
| | - Pen-An Liao
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (G.L.); (P.-C.H.); (Y.-H.J.); (P.-A.L.); (Y.-C.L.); (J.-J.W.)
| | - Lan-Yan Yang
- Clinical Trial Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Min-Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology and Heart Failure Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (M.-H.L.)
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (G.L.); (P.-C.H.); (Y.-H.J.); (P.-A.L.); (Y.-C.L.); (J.-J.W.)
- Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Jie Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (G.L.); (P.-C.H.); (Y.-H.J.); (P.-A.L.); (Y.-C.L.); (J.-J.W.)
- Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Koon-Kwan Ng
- Department of Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, Keelung 20401, Taiwan; (K.-F.C.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Correspondence: (K.-K.N.); (S.-H.N.); Tel.: +886-2431-3131 (ext. 2214) (K.-K.N.); +886-3328-1200 (ext. 2575) (S.-H.N.); Fax: +886-2433-2869 (K.-K.N.); +886-3397-1936 (S.-H.N.)
| | - Shu-Hang Ng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (G.L.); (P.-C.H.); (Y.-H.J.); (P.-A.L.); (Y.-C.L.); (J.-J.W.)
- Correspondence: (K.-K.N.); (S.-H.N.); Tel.: +886-2431-3131 (ext. 2214) (K.-K.N.); +886-3328-1200 (ext. 2575) (S.-H.N.); Fax: +886-2433-2869 (K.-K.N.); +886-3397-1936 (S.-H.N.)
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10
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Mendieta G, Ben-Aicha S, Casani L, Badimon L, Sabate M, Vilahur G. Molecular pathways involved in the cardioprotective effects of intravenous statin administration during ischemia. Basic Res Cardiol 2019; 115:2. [PMID: 31781960 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-019-0760-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The success of therapies targeting myocardial reperfusion injury is limited, while the cardioprotective impact of mitigating ischemia-related damage remains less explored. We have recently shown in a pig model that the intravenous administration of a modified atorvastatin preparation during ischemia attenuates the rise of cardiac ischemia injury biomarkers. In the following study, we sought to investigate the mechanisms behind these ischemia-related cardioprotective effects. Ischemia was induced by 90 min total coronary balloon occlusion in pigs fed a normocholesterolemic regime. Fifteen minutes after the onset of ischemia, animals were randomized to receive intravenous atorvastatin preparation (IV-atorva) or vehicle. After ischemia animals were euthanized to assess the effect of IV-atorva treatment on gene and protein levels/activation of senescence-, apoptosis-, and cardioprotective/metabolic-related markers. Proof-of-concept studies were carried out in mice and rats in which treatments or vehicle were administered 15 min after initiation of ischemia induced by permanent coronary ligation. Western-blot analyses revealed that in the ischemic myocardium of IV-atorva-treated pigs, RhoA was inactivated, phosphorylation of p53 and caspase-3 was reduced and AMPK was activated with the consequent regulation of the mTOR/raptor-signaling pathway. IV-atorva-treated rats showed, as compared to vehicle, a significant reduction (60%) in scar size assessed at 1 month by histological staining, and mice studies demonstrated the causal involvement of AMPK activation in IV-atorva mediated cardioprotective effects. We demonstrate in pigs and rodents that prompt intravenous treatment with atorvastatin during ischemia limits cardiac cell death and reduces infarct size through AMPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiomar Mendieta
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Avda. S. Antoni María Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.,School of Medicine, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soumaya Ben-Aicha
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Avda. S. Antoni María Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.,School of Medicine, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Casani
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Avda. S. Antoni María Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Avda. S. Antoni María Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Research Chair Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Sabate
- Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Avda. S. Antoni María Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Sokolova M, Vinge LE, Alfsnes K, Olsen MB, Eide L, Kaasbøll OJ, Attramadal H, Torp MK, Fosshaug LE, Rashidi A, Lien E, Finsen AV, Sandanger Ø, Aukrust P, Ranheim T, Yndestad A. Palmitate promotes inflammatory responses and cellular senescence in cardiac fibroblasts. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1862:234-245. [PMID: 27845246 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Palmitate triggers inflammatory responses in several cell types, but its effects on cardiac fibroblasts are at present unknown. The aims of the study were to (1) assess the potential of palmitate to promote inflammatory signaling in cardiac fibroblasts through TLR4 and the NLRP3 inflammasome and (2) characterize the cellular phenotype of cardiac fibroblasts exposed to palmitate. We examined whether palmitate induces inflammatory responses in cardiac fibroblasts from WT, NLRP3-/- and ASC-/-mice (C57BL/6 background). Exposure to palmitate caused production of TNF, IL-6 and CXCL2 via TLR4 activation. NLRP3 inflammasomes are activated in a two-step manner. Whereas palmitate did not prime the NLRP3 inflammasome, it induced activation in LPS-primed cardiac fibroblasts as indicated by IL-1β, IL-18 production and NLRP3-ASC co-localization. Palmitate-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in LPS-primed cardiac fibroblasts was associated with reduced AMPK activity, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial dysfunction. The cardiac fibroblast phenotype caused by palmitate, in an LPS and NLRP3 independent manner, was characterized by decreased cellular proliferation, contractility, collagen and MMP-2 expression, as well as increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and consistent with a state of cellular senescence. This study establishes that in vitro palmitate exposure of cardiac fibroblasts provides inflammatory responses via TLR4 and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Palmitate also modulates cardiac fibroblast functionality, in a NLRP3 independent manner, resulting in a phenotype related to cellular senescence. These effects of palmitate could be of importance for myocardial dysfunction in obese and diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sokolova
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Inflammation Research, University of Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Leif Erik Vinge
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway; Department of Medicine, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Katrine Alfsnes
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Inflammation Research, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Belland Olsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Inflammation Research, University of Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Eide
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway
| | - Ole Jørgen Kaasbøll
- Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway; Institute of Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway
| | - Håvard Attramadal
- Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway; Institute of Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway
| | - May-Kristin Torp
- Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn E Fosshaug
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Inflammation Research, University of Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Medicine, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Azita Rashidi
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Inflammation Research, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Egil Lien
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alexandra Vanessa Finsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Inflammation Research, University of Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Sandanger
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Inflammation Research, University of Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Inflammation Research, University of Oslo, Norway; Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway
| | - Trine Ranheim
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Inflammation Research, University of Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Arne Yndestad
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Center for Inflammation Research, University of Oslo, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway.
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12
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Borrell-Pages M, Vilahur G, Romero JC, Casaní L, Bejar MT, Badimon L. LRP5/canonical Wnt signalling and healing of ischemic myocardium. Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 111:67. [PMID: 27704249 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0585-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
LRP5 (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5) activates canonical Wnt signalling. LRP5 plays multiple roles including regulation of lipoprotein and cholesterol homeostasis as well as innate immunity cell function. However, it is not known whether LRP5 has a role in the myocardium. The aim of this study was to investigate LRP5 and Wnt signalling in myocardial remodelling after acute myocardial infarction (MI). Wnt protein levels were determined in a hypercholesterolemic porcine model of MI, in Lrp5 -/- C57Bl6 mice, in cultured cardiomyocytes and in human explanted hearts with previous MI episodes. 21 days post-MI, there was upregulation of LRP5 in the ischemic myocardium of hypercholesterolemic pigs as well as an upregulated expression of proteins of the Wnt pathway. We demonstrate via overexpression and silencing experiments that LRP5 induces Wnt pathway activation in isolated cardiomyocytes. Hypoxia and lipid-loading induced the expression of Wnt proteins, whereas this effect is blocked in LRP5-silenced cardiomyocytes. To characterize the function of the LRP5-Wnt axis upregulation in the heart, we induced MI in wild-type and Lrp5 -/- mice. Lrp5 -/- mice had significantly larger infarcts than Wt mice, indicating a protective role of LRP5 in injured myocardium. The LRP5 upregulation in post-MI hearts seen in pigs and mice was also evident in human hearts as dyslipidemic patients with previous episodes of ischemia have higher expression of LRP5 and Wnt-signalling genes than non-ischemic dilated hearts. We demonstrate an upregulation of LRP5 and the Wnt signalling pathway that it is a prosurvival healing response of cardiomyocytes upon injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Borrell-Pages
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J C Romero
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Casaní
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M T Bejar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, C/Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain. .,Cardiovascular Research Chair, UAB-Fundación Jesús Serra, Barcelona, Spain.
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13
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Vilahur G, Cubedo J, Padró T, Casaní L, Mendieta G, González A, Badimon L. Intake of cooked tomato sauce preserves coronary endothelial function and improves apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein J protein profile in high-density lipoproteins. Transl Res 2015; 166:44-56. [PMID: 25514506 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Intake of tomatoes has been linked with healthy diets (eg, Mediterranean diet). However, it remains unknown whether tomato intake exerts protective effects on the vasculature. The aim of this study was to determine whether medium-term supplementation with cooked tomato sauce (CTS) Mediterranean style (sofrito) attenuates diet-induced coronary endothelial dysfunction in an animal model with clinical impact and explore the mechanisms behind the effects. Pigs (N = 18) were fed a 10-day hypercholesterolemic diet. Half of the animals were given a supplement of 100 g/d of CTS (21.5 mg lycopene per day). Coronary responses to escalating doses of vasoactive drugs (acetylcholine, calcium ionophore, and sodium nitroprusside) and L-NG-monomethylarginine (endothelial nitric oxide synthase [eNOS] inhibitor) were measured using flow Doppler. In the coronary arteries, we investigated eNOS gene expression and activation, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) expression, and oxidative DNA damage. In the circulation, we investigated lipoprotein resistance to oxidation and the differential proteomic protein profile. In dyslipidemic animals, CTS intake prevented diet-induced impairment of receptor-operated and nonreceptor-operated endothelial-dependent coronary vasodilation. These beneficial effects were associated with enhanced eNOS transcription and activation and diminished DNA damage in the coronary arteries. CTS-fed animals showed lower lipid peroxidation, higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) antioxidant potential and plasma lycopene levels of 0.16 mg/L. Interestingly, improved HDL functionality was associated with protein profile changes in apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein J. Lipids levels and MCP-1 expression were not affected by CTS. We report that CTS intake protects against low-density lipoprotein-induced coronary endothelial dysfunction by reducing oxidative damage, enhancing eNOS expression and activity, and improving HDL functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Cubedo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Casaní
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guiomar Mendieta
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia González
- Nutrition and Health Unit, Gallina Blanca Star, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Cardiovascular Research Chair, UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Phototherapy improves wound healing in rats subjected to high-fat diet. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:1481-8. [PMID: 25862476 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1745-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the phototherapy effects on wound healing in rats submitted to normal and high-fat diets. Thirty-six rats received normal lipidic diet (NL) and 36 high lipidic (HL) diet for 45 days. The nutritional status was measured by body mass, blood glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides levels. Four experimental groups were performed according light (L) therapy applied "on" or "off" (660 nm, 100 mW, 70 J/cm(2), 2 J) on 1.5-mm-punched dorsum skin wounds as NLL+, NLL-, HLL+, and HLL-. The wound healing rate (WHR) and oxidative stress markers were analyzed on 2nd, 7th, and 14th days. Despite no difference among body mass, the HL rats presented higher blood glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides levels than NL rats. Respectively, on the 2nd and 14th days, the HLL+ group presented the highest WHRs (0.38 ± 0.16/0.97 ± 0.02) among all groups, while the HLL- (-0.002 ± 0.12/0.81 ± 12.1) the lowest WHRs. Hydroxyproline level was lower in HLL- (6.41 ± 1.09 μg/mg) than HLL+ (7.71 ± 0.61 μg/mg) and also NLL+ (9.33 ± 0.84 μg/mg). HLL+ presented oxidative stress markers similar to normal control group (NLL-) during follow up and highest antioxidant defense on 7th day. The results showed phototherapy accelerated the cutaneous wound healing by modulating oxidative stress in rats with metabolic disorders under a high-fat diet.
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15
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Vilahur G, Padró T, Casaní L, Mendieta G, López JA, Streitenberger S, Badimon L. El enriquecimiento de la dieta con polifenoles previene la disfunción endotelial coronaria mediante la activación de la vía de Akt/eNOS. Rev Esp Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2014.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Vilahur G, Padró T, Casaní L, Mendieta G, López JA, Streitenberger S, Badimon L. Polyphenol-enriched Diet Prevents Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction by Activating the Akt/eNOS Pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 68:216-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2014.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Vilahur G, Casani L, Mendieta G, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Estruch R, Badimon L. Beer elicits vasculoprotective effects through Akt/eNOS activation. Eur J Clin Invest 2014; 44:1177-88. [PMID: 25323945 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is controversy regarding the effect of alcohol beverage intake in vascular vasodilatory function in peripheral arteries. The effects of beer intake in coronary vasodilation remain unknown. We investigated whether regular beer intake (alcohol and alcohol-free) protects against hypercholesterolaemia-induced coronary endothelial dysfunction and the mechanisms behind this effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pigs were fed 10 days: (i) a Western-type hypercholesterolaemic diet (WD); (ii) WD+low-dose beer (12·5 g alcohol/day); (iii) WD+moderate-dose beer (25 g alcohol/day); or (iv) WD+moderate-dose alcohol-free-beer (0·0 g alcohol/day). Coronary responses to endothelium-dependent vasoactive drugs (acetylcholine: receptor mediated; calcium ionophore-A23189: nonreceptor mediated), endothelium-independent vasoactive drug (SNP) and L-NMMA (NOS-antagonist) were evaluated in the LAD coronary artery by flow Doppler. Coronary Akt/eNOS activation, MCP-1 expression, oxidative DNA damage and superoxide production were assessed. Lipid profile, lipoproteins resistance to oxidation and urinary isoxanthohumol concentration were evaluated. RESULTS Alcoholic and nonalcoholic beer intake prevented WD-induced impairment of receptor- and non-receptor-operated endothelial-dependent coronary vasodilation. All animals displayed a similar vasodilatory response to SNP and L-NMMA blunted all endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation responses. Haemodynamic parameters remained unchanged. Coronary arteries showed lower DNA damage and increased Akt/eNOS axis activation in beer-fed animals. Animals taking beer showed HDL with higher antioxidant capacity, higher LDL resistance to oxidation and increased isoxanthohumol levels. Weight, lipids levels, liver enzymes and MCP-1 expression were not affected by beer intake. CONCLUSIONS Non-alcoholic-related beer components protect against hyperlipemia-induced coronary endothelial dysfunction by counteracting vascular oxidative damage and preserving the Akt/eNOS pathway. Light-to-moderate beer consumption prevents and/or reduces the endothelial dysfunction associated with cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Vilahur G, Cubedo J, Padró T, Casaní L, Juan-Babot O, Crespo J, Bendjama K, Lawton M, Badimon L. Roflumilast-induced Local Vascular Injury Is Associated with a Coordinated Proteome and Microparticle Change in the Systemic Circulation in Pigs. Toxicol Pathol 2014; 43:569-80. [PMID: 25311372 DOI: 10.1177/0192623314551971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced vascular injury (DIVI) is commonly associated with phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors. Despite histological characterization, qualified biomarkers for DIVI detection are lacking. We investigated whether a single administration of roflumilast (PDE-IV inhibitor) induces vascular damage and identified novel surrogate biomarkers of acute vascular injury. Pigs received postoperative 250, 375, or 500 μg of roflumilast or placebo/control. After 1.5 hr, coronary reactivity was determined by catheter-based administration of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in the coronary sinus. Immunohistochemical analysis of vessel integrity (von Willebrand factor [vWF]) and fibrin(ogen) deposition was performed in the coronary artery and aorta. Peripheral blood was collected for differential proteomics and microparticles analysis. Circulating interleukin (IL)-6 was analyzed. Roflumilast-treated animals displayed higher vasodilation to acetylcholine and SNP versus controls (p < .05). Roflumilast-treated animals showed a dose-dependent (p < .05) decrease in vessel integrity and dose-dependent increase in fibrin deposition forming a continuous layer at roflumilast-500 μg. Peripheral blood of roflumilast-500-μg-treated animals showed increased levels of total and endothelial-derived microparticles and exhibited a coordinated change in proteins kininogen-1, endothelin-1, gelsolin, apolipoprotein A-I, and apolipoprotein-J associated with vascular injury (p < .05 vs. controls). IL-6 remained unaltered. Roflumilast-induced vascular injury can be detected by novel markers in peripheral blood. Validation of these surrogate markers in human samples seems required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Cubedo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Casaní
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Juan-Babot
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Crespo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Michael Lawton
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain Cardiovascular Research Chair, UAB, Barcelona, Spain
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Vilahur G, Casani L, Peña E, Juan-Babot O, Mendieta G, Crespo J, Badimon L. HMG-CoA reductase inhibition prior reperfusion improves reparative fibrosis post-myocardial infarction in a preclinical experimental model. Int J Cardiol 2014; 175:528-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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