Video-assisted cardiac myxoma resection: basket technique for complete and safe removal from the heart

Cardiac Hemangioma in the Left Ventricular Septum

Background  Primary cardiac tumors are an exceedingly rare benign group of tumors that may remain asymptomatic for a prolonged duration or could lead to significant clinical events. Case Presentation  A 64-year-old female patient underwent echocardiography prior to elective knee surgery due to the presence of palpitations and dyspnea. This revealed the existence of a mass located on the left side of the interventricular septum, which was resected successfully. Conclusion  Surgical resection represents the primary therapeutic approach for the management of cardiac hemangiomas. Failure to perform timely resection may elevate the risk of developing total atrioventricular block and experiencing sudden death.

Surgical treatment of rare pediatric cardiac myxomas:12 years clinical experience in a single institution

BACKGROUND

Primary cardiac tumors are rare, and cardiac myxoma (CM) accounts for the majority of these tumors. Most of the reports in the literature are case reports. This study summarizes our clinical experience in the surgical treatment of CM over the past 12 years.

METHODS

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 23 children with CM(8 boys, 15 girls; median age: 8.92 months, range: 2 years 5 months-12 years 9 months; body weight: 11-45 kg, median body weight: 28.21 kg) admitted to our hospital in the previous 12 years, and we statistically analyzed their clinical manifestations and surgical methods.

RESULTS

23 cases underwent myxoma excision under cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). The follow-up period was 0.2 to 12.6 years (mean:7.2 years). Two patients could not be traced, and the follow-up completion rate was 91.30%. One patient (4.35%) died of myocardial infarction early after surgery with low continuous cardiac output. There were no cerebral embolism, acute heart failure, atrioventricular block and other related complications in 19 cases. A patient with cerebral infarction complicated with right hemiplegia recovered well after rehabilitation treatment. There was no recurrence of CM in 19 cases and all patients recovered after surgery. One patient relapsed 5 years after surgery, and no tumor recurrence was observed after the second surgery. Among the 20 long-term survivors, 13 (65.00%) were NYHA Class I patients and 7(35.00%) were NYHA Class II patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Although CM in children is rare, it may cause cerebral infarction and other multi-organ embolism. Once CM is found and removed as soon as possible, it can reduce serious complications. If the complete resection is possible, surgery provides better palliation. Follow-up echocardiographic should be paid attention to after surgery.

Totally thoracoscopic surgery for treating left atrial myxoma

We aimed to summarize the experience of totally thoracoscopic surgery for left atrial myxoma, together with analyzing the safety and feasibility. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 15 patients with left atrial myxoma admitted to our hospital from October 2016 to October 2018. The auxiliary hole was located at the midline of the 5th intercostal space of the right chest. The endoscope hole was located at the front position of the fourth intercostal space. Specimens were sent to the pathology department for pathological examination. All the procedures were completed successfully. Extracorporeal circulation time was 46.5 ± 18.6 minute, cross-clamping time was 20.6 ± 6.7 minute, thoracic drainage fluid was 89+60.2 ml, ventilator assist time was 4.3 ± 2.6 hour, intensive care unit stay time was 14.5 ± 4.2 hour, the average postoperative hospital stay was 5.2 ± 1.2 day. There was no death, or red blood cell transfusion during and after surgery. No postoperative complications were reported by the patients. No recurrence of myxoma, residual shunt in the atrial septum and valvular lesions were found after 3months of postoperative cardiac ultrasound examination. Total thoracoscopic surgery for left atrial myxoma was less invasive with satisfactory cosmetic appearance with feasibility and safety. Besides, it caused no serious complications.

Cardiac myxomas: clinical presentation, diagnosis and management

Cardiac myxomas (CM) are the most common type of primary cardiac tumours in adults, which have an approximate incidence of up to 0.2% in some autopsy series. The purpose of this review is to summarise the literature on CM, including clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, work-up including imaging modalities and histopathology, management, and prognosis. CM are benign neoplasms developed from multipotent mesenchyme and usually present as an undifferentiated atrial mass. They are typically pedunculated and attached at the fossa ovalis, on the left side of the atrial septum. Potentially life-threatening, the presence of CM calls for prompt diagnosis and surgical resection. Infrequently asymptomatic, patients with CM exhibit various manifestations, ranging from influenza-like symptoms, heart failure and stroke, to sudden death. Although non-specific, a classic triad for CM involves constitutional, embolic, and obstructive or cardiac symptoms. CM may be purposefully characterised or incidentally diagnosed on an echocardiogram, CT scan or cardiac MRI, all of which can help to differentiate CM from other differentials. Echocardiogram is the first-line imaging technique; however, it is fallible, potentially resulting in uncommonly situated CM being overlooked. The diagnosis of CM can often be established based on clinical, imaging and histopathology features. Definitive diagnosis requires macroscopic and histopathological assessment, including positivity for endothelial cell markers such as CD31 and CD34. Their prognosis is excellent when treated with prompt surgical resection, with postsurgical survival rates analogous to overall survival in the age-matched general population.

Total thoracoscopic surgery for biatrial cardiac myxoma: a case report

Myxoma is the most common type of benign cardiac tumor in adults. Myxoma can occur anywhere in the heart. The left atrium is the most frequent site of origin, specifically located on the left atrium side of the fossa oval in the atrial septum, followed by the right atrium, the right ventricle and left ventricle. But biatrial myxoma is extremely rare. Thoracoscopic resection of myxoma has become more common, but there are few reports on thoracoscopic surgery for biatrial myxoma. We present a case of a 72-year-old woman with biatrial myxoma, who presented with intermittent dyspnea for one week. Echocardiography revealed a medium echo in both the left and right atrium and was connected via the atrial septum. Computed tomography revealed a hypointense mass in both atria. Thoracoscopic resection successfully removed the tumors, and histological examination confirmed the diagnosis. Also, the patient was discharged six days after surgery. There was no evidence of tumor recurrence during the one-year follow-up period. Biatrial myxoma is rare. Surgical resection is the primary method for myxoma. Compared with the traditional medium thoracotomy, thoracoscopic surgery for myxoma has the following advantages: less trauma, keeping the integrity of the sternum, less bleeding, faster postoperative recovery, etc. Total thoracoscopic surgery for biatrial myxomas is effective and safe.

Clinical presentation and treatment of cardiac myxoma in 153 patients

Cardiac myxoma (CM) is the most common benign cardiac tumor. We retrospectively reviewed our single center experience in 153 patients with CM over a period 25 years.From November 1993 to May 2017, 153 patients were operated in our institution with diagnosis of a CM. In all patients preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative data were recorded including the long-term follow-up. All patients followed up in the outpatient's clinics and echocardiography at regular intervals.Mean age 59 ± 12 years old. There were 104 women and 49 men. Preoperative clinical manifestations of the patients were hemodynamic consequences (47.7%), asymptomatic (46.4%), systemic embolism (4.5%), systemic manifestations-fever (0.7%), and hemoptysis (0.7%). The most common location of CM was in the left atrium in 82.4% patients. Mean tumors diameter was 4.5 ± 1.9 cm. In addition, we were observed that the age of the patients have differences between sex groups women versus men, 60.3 and 54.8 years old respectively (P = .02). On the other hand the tumor size have not differences between the sex groups (P = .56). Combine operations were performed in 24 (15.7%) patients. New cerebrovascular accident was observed in 2 patients post-op. Mean in-hospital stay was 8.02 ± 2.8 days. In-hospital mortality was 1 patient (0.7%) (from sepsis). During median follow-up 3.7 ± 4.3 years CM recurrence was identified in 5 (3.3%) patients.Surgical resection of CMs contributes in an excellent prognosis and associated with low complications and recurrences rate. Regular long-term follow-up is recommended in all patients with CM.

Outcomes of Video-assisted Minimally Invasive Cardiac Myxoma Resection

BACKGROUND

Myxomas are the most frequent cardiac tumours. Their diagnosis requires prompt removal. In our centre, for valve surgery we use a minimally invasive approach. Here, we report our experience of cardiac myxoma removal through right lateral mini-thoracotomy (RLMT) with particular focus on its feasibility, efficacy and patient safety.

METHODS

Between February 2006 and January 2017, 30 consecutive patients (aged 66±12.6years, range 35-83 years) underwent atrial myxoma resection through video-assisted RLMT. Percutaneous venous drainage was performed in all patients and direct cannulation of the ascending aorta was performed in 28 out of 30 (93.3%). The diagnosis of atrial myxoma was confirmed by histology.

RESULTS

Complete surgical resection was achieved in all patients. The mean cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time was 76.5±40.8minutes and average aortic cross-clamping time was 41.5±29.8minutes. No patient suffered postoperative complications. Five patients (16.7%) received a blood transfusion. Mechanical ventilation ranged from 3 to 51hours (median 6hours), intensive care unit (ICU) stay ranged from 1 to 5days (median 1day). Total hospital length of stay (HLOS) was 5.6±2 days. Home discharge rate was 56.7%. No in-hospital mortality was reported. During follow-up (55.6±32.3 months; range 4-132 months), one tumour recurrence was observed. There were three late non-cardiac deaths. Overall survival was 100%, 85.7% and 85.7% at 1, 5 and 10 years, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of video-assisted RLMT is an effective and reproducible strategy in all patients requiring expedited surgery for left atrial myxoma, independently of coexisting morbidity such as systemic embolisation or previous surgery. This technique leads to complete tumour resection, prompt recovery, early home discharge and high freedom from both symptoms and tumour recurrence.

Left Atrial Myxoma in Pregnancy: Management Strategy Using Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach

This case report concerns a young woman who, during her pregnancy, suffered severe mitral regurgitation. It was discovered at the same time that she had a left atrial myxoma. During the early postpartum period she successfully underwent an anterior minithoracotomy to remove the left atrial myxoma in conjunction with repair of the mitral valve. The thoracotomy approach in this specific patient was chosen as it would give a better chance of successful mother-child bonding because the patient would be able to avoid the precautions which would have been necessary following a sternotomy, especially the limitation of her ability to hold her child during the first 4–6 weeks postoperatively.

Minimally Invasive En Bloc Resection of Massive Obstructive Atrial Tumour

Minimally invasive cardiac surgery techniques offer better cosmesis, quicker recovery, and shorter hospital stay when compared with sternotomy. Large cardiac tumours have been traditionally resected via sternotomy to provide adequate surgical exposure, complete surgical resection, and prevent tumour fragmentation. We describe a patient with advanced multiple sclerosis and wheelchair dependence with a massive obstructive left atrial tumour who underwent successful minimally invasive en bloc resection with an uncomplicated postoperative course.

Is a minimally invasive approach for resection of benign cardiac masses superior to standard full sternotomy?

A best evidence topic in cardiac surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was 'is a minimally invasive approach for resection of benign cardiac masses superior to standard full sternotomy?' A total of 50 papers were found using the reported search, of which, 11 represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The authors, country, journal, date of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these papers are tabulated. All 11 papers were retrospective studies, from which 4 were case-control studies comparing the minimally invasive approach with conventional full sternotomy, and 7 were case series. There were two minimally invasive techniques used, a right mini-thoracotomy and a partial hemi-sternotomy, the former being the most commonly used. The resection of benign cardiac masses is a low-risk procedure, with no mortality or conversions to full sternotomy reported. From the 4 case-control studies, cross-clamp time was similar in both groups, and only one report found a prolonged perfusion time with the minimally invasive approach. The incidence of major postoperative complications, including bleeding requiring reoperation (average from case-control studies: 0-4.5 vs 0-5.8%), renal failure (0 vs 0-10%) and prolonged ventilation (6-13 vs 11-19%), for the two approaches was similar. The incidence of postoperative stroke was better for the minimally invasive approach in one study (0 vs 14%, P = 0.023). The main advantages of this technique are shorter intensive care unit (26-31 vs 46-60 h) and hospital stay (3.6-5.2 vs 6.2-7.4 days), the minimally invasive approach being significantly better in one and three reports, respectively. We conclude that minimally invasive resection of a benign cardiac mass using a right mini-thoracotomy approach can be performed with an operative morbidity and mortality at least similar to the standard full sternotomy approach. The information currently available for the minimally invasive approach for the resection of benign cardiac masses is limited and based only on retrospective studies and, therefore, prospective studies are required to confirm the potential benefits of minimally invasive surgery.