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Pickny L, Hindermann M, Ditting T, Hilgers KF, Linz P, Ott C, Schmieder RE, Schiffer M, Amann K, Veelken R, Rodionova K. Myocardial infarction with a preserved ejection fraction-the impaired function of the cardio-renal baroreflex. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1144620. [PMID: 37082237 PMCID: PMC10110856 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1144620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In experimental myocardial infarction with reduced ejection fraction causing overt congestive heart failure, the control of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) by the cardio-renal baroreflex was impaired. The afferent vagal nerve activity under these experimental conditions had a lower frequency at saturation than that in controls. Hence, by investigating respective first neurons in the nodose ganglion (NG), we wanted to test the hypothesis that after myocardial infarction with still-preserved ejection fraction, the cardiac afferent nerve pathway is also already impaired. Material and methods: A myocardial infarction was induced by coronary artery ligature. After 21 days, nodose ganglion neurons with cardiac afferents from rats with myocardial infarction were cultured. A current clamp was used to characterize neurons as "tonic," i.e., sustained action potential (AP) firing, or "phasic," i.e., <5 APs upon current injection. Cardiac ejection fraction was measured using echocardiography; RSNA was recorded to evaluate the sensitivity of the cardiopulmonary baroreflex. Renal and cardiac histology was studied for inflammation and fibrosis markers. Results: A total of 192 neurons were investigated. In rats, after myocardial infarction, the number of neurons with a tonic response pattern increased compared to that in the controls (infarction vs. control: 78.6% vs. 48.5%; z-test, *p < 0.05), with augmented production of APs (23.7 ± 2.86 vs. 15.5 ± 1.86 APs/600 ms; mean ± SEM, t-test, *p < 0.05). The baseline activity of RSNA was subtly increased, and its control by the cardiopulmonary baroreflex was impaired following myocardial infarction: the fibrosis marker collagen I augmented in the renal interstitium. Discussion: After myocardial infarction with still-preserved ejection fraction, a complex impairment of the afferent limb of the cardio-renal baroreflex caused dysregulation of renal sympathetic nerve activity with signs of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Pickny
- Department of Internal Medicine 4—Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Hindermann
- Department of Internal Medicine 4—Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tilmann Ditting
- Department of Internal Medicine 4—Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 4—Nephrology and Hypertension, Paracelsus Private Medical School Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Karl F. Hilgers
- Department of Internal Medicine 4—Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Linz
- Department of Radiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Ott
- Department of Internal Medicine 4—Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 4—Nephrology and Hypertension, Paracelsus Private Medical School Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Roland E. Schmieder
- Department of Internal Medicine 4—Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mario Schiffer
- Department of Internal Medicine 4—Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roland Veelken
- Department of Internal Medicine 4—Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 4—Nephrology and Hypertension, Paracelsus Private Medical School Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Roland Veelken,
| | - Kristina Rodionova
- Department of Internal Medicine 4—Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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Liu Y, Li S, Zhang Z, Lv Z, Jiang H, Tan X, Liu F. Effects of valproic acid on sympathetic activity and left ventricularmyocardial remodelling in rats during pressure overload. Turk J Med Sci 2017; 47:1651-1660. [PMID: 29152949 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1704-142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim: Pressure overload induces cardiac remodelling and results in heart failure. Enhanced sympathetic outflow participates in the development of cardiac remodelling for the duration of pressure overload as an independent factor. Valproic acid has recently been shown to reduce neuronal injury and have antiinflammatory and antiapoptotic effects as a histone deacetylase inhibitor. We speculate that the drug plays a specific role in alleviating cardiac remodelling by inhibiting sympathetic activity. Materials and methods: Surgery of partial abdominal aortic constriction was performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats. After 4 weeks, animal models of pressure overload were validated and then valproic acid (300 mg/kg) was administrated to rats once a day for the next 4 weeks. Experimental parameters were detected 4 weeks after validation. Results: The administration of valproic acid alleviated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, myocardial interstitial fibrosis and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction caused by partial abdominal aortic constriction. Valproic acid reduced the levels of plasma and local norepinephrine, augmented concentrations of hypothalamic gamma-aminobutyric acid, and had no side effects on the hepatic and renal function of the animals. Conclusion: These results suggest that valproic acid may be a safe and effective therapeutic strategy for the inhibition of sympathetic outflow and cardiac remodelling.
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Rao VH, Kansal V, Stoupa S, Agrawal DK. MMP-1 and MMP-9 regulate epidermal growth factor-dependent collagen loss in human carotid plaque smooth muscle cells. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:e00224. [PMID: 24744893 PMCID: PMC3966234 DOI: 10.1002/phy2.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying the rupture of atherosclerotic plaque, a crucial factor in the development of myocardial infarction and stroke, are not well defined. Here, we examined the role of epidermal growth factor (EGF)‐mediated matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) on the stability of interstitial collagens in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) isolated from carotid endarterectomy tissues of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with carotid stenosis. VSMCs isolated from the carotid plaques of both asymptomatic and symptomatic patients were treated with EGF. The MMP‐9 activity was quantified by gelatin zymography and the analysis of mRNA transcripts and protein for MMP‐9, MMP‐1, EGFR and collagen types I, Col I(α1) and collagen type III, Col III(α1) were analyzed by qPCR and immunofluorescence, respectively. The effect of EGF treatment to increase MMP‐9 activity and mRNA transcripts for MMP‐9, MMP‐1, and EGFR and to decrease mRNA transcripts for Col I(α1) and Col III(α1) was threefold to fourfold greater in VSMCs isolated from the carotid plaques of symptomatic than asymptomatic patients. Inhibitors of EGFR (AG1478) and a small molecule inhibitor of MMP‐9 decreased the MMP9 expression and upregulated Col I(α1) and Col III(α1) in EGF‐treated VSMCs of both groups. Additionally, the magnitude in decreased MMP‐9 mRNA and increased Col I(α1) and Col III(α1) due to knockdown of MMP‐9 gene with siRNA in EGF‐treated VSMCs was significantly greater in the symptomatic group than the asymptomatic group. Thus, a selective blockade of both EGFR and MMP‐9 may be a novel strategy and a promising target for stabilizing vulnerable plaques in patients with carotid stenosis. This report described the underlying mechanisms by which MMP‐1 and MMP‐9 induced by EFGR activation decreases the interstitial collagens and this could result in plaque instability in patients with carotid stenosis. Thus, selective blockade of EGFR and/or MMP‐9 may be a novel strategy and a promising target to stabilize atherosclerotic plaques and thus decreases morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velidi H Rao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, 68178, Nebraska
| | - Vikash Kansal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, 68178, Nebraska
| | - Samantha Stoupa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, 68178, Nebraska
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, 68178, Nebraska ; Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, 68178, Nebraska
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Dab H, Hachani R, Dhaouadi N, Sakly M, Hodroj W, Randon J, Bricca G, Kacem K. Regulation of aortic extracellular matrix synthesis via noradrenergic system and angiotensin II in juvenile rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:1219-1225. [PMID: 22853187 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.664554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis regulation by sympathetic nervous system (SNS) or angiotensin II (ANG II) was widely reported, but interaction between the two systems on ECM synthesis needs further investigation. OBJECTIVE We tested implication of SNS and ANG II on ECM synthesis in juvenile rat aorta. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sympathectomy with guanethidine (50 mg/kg, subcutaneous) and blockade of the ANG II AT1 receptors (AT1R) blocker with losartan (20 mg/kg/day in drinking water) were performed alone or in combination in rats. mRNA and protein synthesis of collagen and elastin were examined by Q-RT-PCR and immunoblotting. RESULTS Collagen type I and III mRNA were increased respectively by 62 and 43% after sympathectomy and decreased respectively by 31 and 60% after AT1R blockade. Combined treatment increased collagen type III by 36% but not collagen type I. The same tendency of collagen expression was observed at mRNA and protein levels after the three treatments. mRNA and protein level of elastin was decreased respectively by 63 and 39% and increased by 158 and 15% after losartan treatment. Combined treatment abrogates changes induced by single treatments. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The two systems act as antagonists on ECM expression in the aorta and combined inhibition of the two systems prevents imbalance of mRNA and protein level of collagen I and elastin induced by single treatment. Combined inhibition of the two systems prevents deposit or excessive reduction of ECM and can more prevent cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houcine Dab
- Unité de Physiologie Intégrée, Laboratoire de Pathologies Vasculaires, Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Tunisia.
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Dab H, Kacem K, Hachani R, Dhaouadi N, Hodroj W, Sakly M, Randon J, Bricca G. Physiological regulation of extracellular matrix collagen and elastin in the arterial wall of rats by noradrenergic tone and angiotensin II. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2011; 13:19-28. [DOI: 10.1177/1470320311414752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions between the effects of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and angiotensin II (ANG II) on vascular extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis were determined in rats. The mRNA and protein content of collagen I, collagen III and elastin in the abdominal aorta (AA) and femoral artery (FA) was investigated in Wistar–Kyoto rats treated for 5 weeks with guanethidine, a sympathoplegic, losartan, an ANG II AT1 receptor (AT1R) blocker, or both. The effects of noradrenaline (NE) and ANG II on collagen III and elastin mRNA, and the receptor involved, were tested in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vitro. Guanethidine increased collagen types I and III and decreased elastin, while losartan had an opposite effect, although without effect on collagen III. The combination of treatments abrogated changes induced by simple treatment with collagen I and elastin, but increased collagen III mRNA in AA and not in FA. NE stimulated collagen III mRNA via β receptors and elastin via α1 and α2 receptors. ANG II stimulated collagen III but inhibited elastin mRNA via AT1R. Overall, SNS and ANG II exert opposite and antagonistic effects on major components of ECM in the vascular wall. This may be of relevance for the choice of a therapeutic strategy in vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houcine Dab
- INSERM ERI-22, Agressions Vasculaires et Réponses Tissulaires, Université de Claude Bernard, Lyon I, France
- Université de Carthage. Unité de Physiologie Intégrée, Laboratoire de Pathologies Vasculaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Kacem
- Université de Carthage. Unité de Physiologie Intégrée, Laboratoire de Pathologies Vasculaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Rafik Hachani
- Université de Carthage. Unité de Physiologie Intégrée, Laboratoire de Pathologies Vasculaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Nadra Dhaouadi
- INSERM ERI-22, Agressions Vasculaires et Réponses Tissulaires, Université de Claude Bernard, Lyon I, France
- Université de Carthage. Unité de Physiologie Intégrée, Laboratoire de Pathologies Vasculaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Wassim Hodroj
- INSERM ERI-22, Agressions Vasculaires et Réponses Tissulaires, Université de Claude Bernard, Lyon I, France
| | - Mohsen Sakly
- INSERM ERI-22, Agressions Vasculaires et Réponses Tissulaires, Université de Claude Bernard, Lyon I, France
| | - Jacques Randon
- INSERM ERI-22, Agressions Vasculaires et Réponses Tissulaires, Université de Claude Bernard, Lyon I, France
| | - Giampiero Bricca
- INSERM ERI-22, Agressions Vasculaires et Réponses Tissulaires, Université de Claude Bernard, Lyon I, France
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